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- Describe the main technique for amplifying a segment of DNA (like the one you suspect is involved in Lee’s cancer) from a complex mixture of genomic DNA. Remember that the entire human genome sequence is known. (Hint: This is a technique that is commonly used by laboratories that do genetic testing and various other applications of molecular biology.)If you wanted to make a mouse model for any of the following human genetic conditions (a–d), indicate which of thefollowing types of mice (i–vi) would be useful to your studies. If more than one answer applies, state which type ofmouse would most successfully mimic the human disease:(i) transgenic mouse overexpressing a normal mouse protein; (ii) transgenic mouse expressing normal amounts of amutant human protein; (iii) transgenic mouse expressing adominant negative form of a protein; (iv) a knockout mouse;(v) a conditional knockout mouse; and (vi) a knockin mousein which the normal allele is replaced with a mutant allelethat is at least partially functional. In all cases, the transgeneor the gene that is knocked out or knocked in is a form of thegene responsible for the disease in question.a. Marfan syndrome (a dominant disease caused byhaploinsufficiency for the FBN1 gene);b. A dominantly inherited autoinflammatory diseasecaused by a hypermorphic missense mutation in thegene PLCG2;c.…It has been suggested that it would make the study of human diseases easier if cloned transgenic animals were produced that carried faulty versions of human genes (e.g., the gene that causes cystic fibrosis). a. Why would such animals be useful in medical research? : b. What ethical questions are raised by the creation of such transgenic animals?
- Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that integrates knowledge of computer science with mathematics and statistics to solve biological questions. Many bioinformatics tools for gene prediction, homology modelling and such are available free online. (1) What does BLAST stand for? (ii) Explain the function of BLAST.Hi, I would like to know which program is used for the graphical presentation of the results of a meta-analysis of genome-wide linkage scans?Give at least three (3) importance of these tools in genetic engineering in the advancement of cell and molecular biology in the following fields: a. Food b. Medicine c. Agriculture
- ISSR is generally a dominant STS DNA marker. Nonetheless, with validated experimental evidence (e.g. laboratory and population genetics data), the marker can be used in codominance marker genotyping. Briefly explain each case below: a) Codominant marker targets specific locus and reveals allelic variations in that locus among DNA samples. b) Dominant marker: primers can complement other repeat sequences or in multiple loci thereby non-specificity in sampled genomes.Describe the following techniques for determining gene or protein function with advantages disadvantages and limitations. i)forward genetics(random mutagenesis) ii)reverse genetics(altering the function of particular gene) iii)genetic analysis(double or higher order mutant combination) iv) expression studies RNA and protein v)protein interaction studies(Y2H and other technique)Living modified organism (LMO) is defined as any living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology. Two LMOs that have obtained approval from FDA to be commercialized are the Hawaiian 'Rainbow' papayas and the AquAdvantage salmons. Discuss the advantages of Hawaiian 'Rainbow' papayas and the AquAdvantage salmons over their respective wild type.
- 1. a) If you were at risk of a fatal disease such as Huntington’s disease and only the 95% accurate preliminary genetic test was available, would you take the test? After all, 95% of the time the test would tell you whether you would eventually get Huntington’s disease or whether you did not have to worry about getting this disease. b) The linkage distance between the DNA sequence used in the test and the actual Huntington’ disease locus was 5%. In a large sample of the Venezuelan family, what percentage of people would inherit the DNA sequence but not the Huntington’s allele (i.e. be a false positive test for Huntington’s)? What percentage of that large Venezuelan family would not inherit the DNA sequence but would inherit the Huntington’s allele (i.e., be a false negative test for Huntington’s)?Forward Genetics Analysis uses a variety of beneficial approaches to identify never before described For each of the following approaches or outcomes, briefly (maximum 2 sentences) discuss in your own words, their purpose in Forward Genetics Analysis. genes. Induced mutationWhen the S.cerevisiae genome was sequenced and surveyed for possible genes, only about 40% of those genes had been previously identified in forward genetic screens. This left about 60% of predcited genes with no known function, leading some to dub the genes fun (function unknown) genes. a)As an approach to understanding the function of a certain fun gene, you wish to create a loss of function allele. How would you do this? b)You wish to know the physical location of the encoded protein product. How would you obtain such information?