Boundaries and pr 10.7. COST REDUCTION AND THE HERFINDAHL AND LERNER INDEXES. Consider an industry where demand has constant price elasticity and firms compete in output levels. In an initial equilibrium, both firms have the same marginal cost, c. Then Firm 1, by investing heavily in R&D, manages to reduce its marginal cost to d'
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The Lerner index is a measure of market power, which is the ability of a firm to raise prices above its marginal cost. It is calculated by dividing the difference between the market price and the marginal cost of production by the market price.
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- Based on the best available econometric estimates, the market elasticity of demand for your firm’s product is −3. The marginal cost of producing the product is constant at $100, while average total cost at current production levels is $175.Determine your optimal per unit price if:Instructions: Enter your responses rounded to two decimal places.a. you are a monopolist. b. you compete against one other firm in a Cournot oligopoly. c. you compete against 19 other firms in a Cournot oligopoly.Examples of this market from uae or Gcc countries : 1- competitive market: 2-monopoly : 3-monopolistic competition : 4-oligopoly:Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an example of Cartel that can control the world oil prices. Describe THREE (3) criteria for OPEC to succeed in controlling the world oil prices.
- Based on the best available econometric estimates, the market elasticity of demand for your firm’s product is −2.5. The marginal cost of producing the product is constant at $225, while average total cost at current production levels is $300.Determine your optimal per unit price if:Instructions: Enter your responses rounded to two decimal places.a. you are a monopolist. $ b. you compete against one other firm in a Cournot oligopoly. $ c. you compete against 19 other firms in a Cournot oligopoly. $ Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.Consider a type of product whose market structure is monopolistic competition. In the shift from no trade in this type of product to free trade Multiple Choice a country will export the product only if the world price is higher than the country's no-trade price. the number of varieties or models of this type of product available to consumers will increase. factor prices in a country will change by large amounts If most of the country's trade in this type of product is Intra-Industry trade. the extra demand from foreign buyers for this type of product will increase the product price.The diagram below illustrates the change in market equilibrium in the global oil market due to a demand shock, with the demand curve shifting from Demand to Demand'. Supply of oil is provided by OPEC countries, as part of a cartel agreement, and other countries outside the cartel, P. P. Demand Demand Quantity, Q Q Q. Which of the following statements is/are correct? global a) If more countries joined OPEC, and reduced the quantity of oil that they produced as a cartel, it is possible that market oil price could stay the same depending on other market dynamics. b) The price of oil in the global market is fixed by the members of the OPEC cartel. c) If there is increased production of oil in a non-OPEC country when demand is at Demand' there would be a reduction in price from P1, ceteris paribus.
- QUESTION 10 Consider the markets studied in class: Bertrand duopoly, Cournot duopoly and Monopoly. Rank these markets in terms of their equilibrium price (P), total quantity produced in the whole market (Q) and deadweight loss (DWL). Select True of False for each of the following statements: 1-QBertrand PBertrand III - DWLCournot > DWLMonopolyTrue or False A recession provides an opportunity for marketers to closely review how much and in what ways they are spending their money. Budget allocations can open up promising new options and eliminate sacred-cow approaches that no longer provide sufficient revenue benefits. Because different brands or sub-brands appeal to different economic segments, those that target the higher end of the socioeconomic spectrum may be particularly important during a recession. A market challenger attacks the market leader and other competitors in an aggressive bid for more market share. There are five types of general attack; challengers must also choose specific attack strategies.QUESTION 47 Cartels are unstable due to all of the following factors except which one? incentive for each firm to serve as the whistle-blower entry of new firms into the market trade groups incentive to act in self-interest QUESTION 48 Under the merger guidelines written by the DOJ and FTC a merger may not be challenge if: There is significant foreign competition The firms involved have monetary problems There is an emergence of new technology All of the statements associated with this question are correct QUESTION 49 The existence of any consumer surplus in the market suggests that all of the following practices are possible in the market except which one? first-degree price discrimination a single price is charged to all consumers second-degree price discrimination third-degree price discrimination QUESTION 50 In peak-load pricing, the short-run marginal cost is equal to the marginal cost of providing capacity. True False.
- Examples of this market from any country : 1- competitive market: 2-monopoly : 3-monopolistic competition : 4-oligopoly:Consider the UK automotive sector, where firms with heterogeneous productivity, subject to increasing returns to scale, produce a differentiated good and sell it in a monopolistically competitive market. Firms selling in the domestic market are subject to a fixed cost fo. Exporting to the EU entails both a fixed cost fx and a variable cost 7. Suppose that the introduction of tariffs and border checks increase the variable trade cost 7, but the government decides to compensate for this by reducing the fixed export cost fx so that the number of exporters (hence the cut-off productivity *x) does not change. Then: Oa. UK exporters will sell less and make lower profits in the EU market, while domestic sales will increase and more firms will survive Ob. none of the others. Oc. UK exporters will sell less in the EU market but their profits will be unchanged, while nothing changes in domestic sales O d. nothing changes for both UK exporters and non-exportersQuestion 2Bob and Alice are duopoly competitors for ice cream in Venice Beach,CA. Market demand for ice cream is p = 1000 − 2Q and both Alice’sand Bob’s costs of production are identical and given by C(q) = 4q.Calculate market price and quantity ifc) Alice and Bob decide to coordinate their decisions in a cartel (i.e.to build a monopoly) and to equally share profits.