Biology 1.Write an account of the control of microbial contamination in pharmaceutical manufacture with respect to: (a) Water (b) Personal (c) Raw material
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- Describe the formation of bioprocess product. Please include the following: (a) Product of choice and Raw materials and microorganism (b) Step by step processes using flow chart (including process condition; ie, temperature, 02) (C) Detail drawing of unit operations involved (include upstream and downstream unit operation)Downstream processing will primarily be concerned with initial separation of the bioreactor broth into a liquid phase and a solid phase, and subsequent concentration and purification of the product. Explain this statementThe development of bioreactors is required to produce large quantities of products.(a) Give optimum growth conditions used in bioreactors.(b) Draw a well labelled diagram of simple stirred tank bioreactor.(c) How does a simple stirred tank bioreactor differ from sparged stirred – tank’ bioreactor?
- Describe What are the purpose of pharmaceutical packaging? Please briefly explain?1) Answer the following questions about a Vegetarian diet: a) List Pros and Cons of being on the diet. b) List any possible misconceptions that may have been verified or nullified by scientific articles for this diet. c) What biochemical pathway would this diet target?Sulfanilamide is an antimicrobial drug that mimics the shape of an important substrate for a particular bacterial enzyme, thereby inhibiting the enzyme by binding at the active site. This type of inhibition is known as O1) noncompetitive inhibition. O 2) feedback inhibition. 3) pharmacological inhibition O 4) allosteric inhibition. 5) competitive inhibition.
- An industrial waste contains an inhibitory compound for microorganisms. You have determined that biological treatment would be the best process option if this inhibitory compound was not present. Identify and discuss your approach for handling this problem.Identify the Boundary Condition (2) For each scenario, choose which boundary condition would be appropriate. Consider and list what assumptions you might be making. 5. In a bioreactor, enzymes are bound to glass beads. Substrates diffuse in the media to/from the beads. 6. Oxygen diffuses towards a single cell in a culture dish. It is rapidly consumed at the cell surface. 7. Crystals of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are mixed vigorously to dissolve them into a formulation. 8. Dissolved solute flows through a tube.Discuss how adsorption, covalent binding, entrapment and encapsulation are used to immobilize enzymes in the food industry.
- Give an example of food preservation in which the enzymes are inactivated (a) by heat and (b) by lowering the pH and explain the biochemical basis for each food preservation techniqueMacConkey agar contains the dye, crystal violet, that in-hibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and also containslactose and a pH indicator that allow the detection of lactose-fermenting bacteria. MacConkey agar is classified as:(a) Differential, selective(b) Complex, selective(c) Defined, selective, differential(d) Differential(e) Regulatory, selective9) Which one of the below given properties can not be among the material selection criteria for biomaterials preparation ? a) Mechanical properteis b) Cheap and available c) Water Absorption rate d) Biostability duration