Assume two firms sell differentiated products that each have a marginal cost of $30. The demand curve for each firm is: Firm 1: D₁ (P1, P2) = 200 - 2p1 + P2 Firm 2: D₂ (P1, P2) = 200-2p2 + P2 What is the best reply function for firm 1?
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- Please no written by hand solution Considerthe following problem. There are five firms producing a homogenous good and competing in quantities simultaneously. The demand function for this good is given by D(p) = 100−p, where p denotes price. The marginal cost is the same for all firms and equals 40 Answer the following questions. (a) Compute the equilibrium quantities and profits of each firm. (b) Now suppose that two of these firms (say firms 1 and 2) want to merge. (The remaining firms stay unchanged.) Merging, however, is costly. To merge, each merging firm has to pay a fixed cost F. Determine the highest fixed cost F that the two firms would be willing to pay in order to proceed with the merger.usiness EconomicsQ&A LibraryTwo firms A and B produce an identical product (Note: Industry Output = Q). The firms have to decide how much output qA and qB (Note: qA = Firm A Output; qB = Firm B Output) they must produce since they are the only two firms in the industry that manufacture this product. Their marginal cost (MC) is equal to their average cost (AC) and it is constant at MC = AC = X, for both firms. Market demand is given as Q = Y – 2P (where P = price and Q = quantity). Select any value for X between [21 – 69] and any value for Y between [501 – 999]. Using this information, calculate the Industry Price, Industry Output, Industry Profit, Consumer Surplus and Deadweight Loss under each of the following models: (a) Cournot Model Two firms A and B produce an identical product (Note: Industry Output = Q). The firms have to decide how much output qA and qB (Note: qA = Firm A Output; qB = Firm B Output) they must produce since they are the only two firms in…Problem 3 Consider a market with two firms. Each firm is located at one end of a line with lenght one. There is a mass one of consumers. The location of each consumer is given by 0 < x < 1 which is uniformly distributed (with density 1). Firms have no cost of production and set price simultaneously. a) Derive the demand for each firm by identifying the location of the indifferent con-sumer for each price pair. Assume that all consumers know about both products. b) Consider again that consumers can only buy after receiving an ad. Suppose there is an avdertising company that offers the firms to coordinate the targeting of their ads. The company suggests to inform all consumers with a location between 0 and 0.4 the product of the firm at location 0 and to all consumers between 0.6 and 1 the product of the firm at location 1. Determine the optimal prices for both firms if they accept this offer. What are the resulting profits? ( please solve question b only)
- A computer hardware firm sells both laptop computers and printers. Through the magic of focus groups, their pricing team determines that they have an equal number of three types of customers, and that these customers' reservation prices are as illustrated in the figure below. and a price for printers of Customer A Customer B Customer C Bundling Laptop $800 for this firm. $950 $650 Assume for simplicity that the firm has one customer of each type and that marginal cost is zero. If the firm were to charge only individual prices (not use the bundle price), what prices should it set for its laptops and printers to maximize profit? To maximize profit using individual prices, the firm should charge a price for laptops of p= Printer $100 $50 $150 p= Bundle $900 $1,000 $800 After conducting a costly study, an outside consultant claims that the company could make more money from its customers if it sold laptops and printers together as a bundle instead of separately. Is the consultant right?…Kate and Alice are small-town ready-mix concrete duopolints. The market demand tunction is o- 20,000 - 200Pwhere Pis the price of a cubic yard of concrete and Ois the number of cubic yards demanded per year. Marginal cost is sa0 per cubic yard. Suppose Kate onters the market first and chooses her output belore Alice. What is the difference in Alice's profit when Kata enters the market tirst, compared to when they simultanecusly select ther outputa? When Kate entors the markat first, Alice's profit is $3,888.a0 lower. O When Kate enters the market fest, Alice's profit is 513,333.33 lower. O When Kate enters the market first, Alice's profit is $5,000 lower. O When Kate onters the market first, Alice's proft is $1.111.11 higher,1. Two firms (A and B) play a competition game (i.e. Cournot) in which they can choose any Qi from 0 to ¥. The firms have the same cost functions C(Qi) = 10Qi + 0.5Qi2, and thus MCi = 10 + Qi. They face a market demand curve of P = 220 – (QA + QB). a. Assume firm A chooses quantity first. Frim B observes this choice and then chooses its own quantity. What is Frim B's profit as a function of QA and QB? b. Firm B has MRB = 220 – 2QB – QA. What is firm B’s best response to an arbitrary QA selected by firm A? c. Given that firm A expects firm B’s best response, what is firm A’s profit as a function of QA? (Hint: the only unknown variable in the profit function should be QA) d. Firm A has MRA = 150 – 4QA/3. What are the equilibrium QA and QB selected in this game? e. What is the equilibrium price, and how much profit does each firm collect?
- There are only two driveway paving companies in a small town, Asphalt, Inc. and Blacktop Bros. The inverse demand curve for paving services is ?= 2040 ―20? where quantity is measured in pave jobs per month and price is measured in dollars per job. Assume Asphalt, Inc. has a marginal cost of $100 per driveway and Blacktop Bros. has a marginal cost of $150. Answer the following questions: Determine each firm’s reaction curve and graph it. How many paving jobs will each firm produce in Cournot equilibrium? What will the market price of a pave job be? How much profit does each firm earn?Consider a simple monopolistic competition industry (many firms) in whicheach firm in the industry has one store. The store costs $200 per week andthe marginal cost is $10 per unit of output in addition to the fixed cost of the store. Hint: Mathematically this problem can be solved just like a monopoly problem. (a) If the typical the demand facing each individual firm is QD = 40−P eachweek, what price will a typical firm in this industry charge? (Hint: IfQD = 40 − P then P = 40 − QD and MR = 40 − 2QD). (b) Is the firm making a positive profit? What is the producer surplus? Whatis the profit after fixed costs? (c) Will new firms enter the market if demand stays the same and new firmsface the same demand and have the same costs? (d) In general, what is the long run profit of an average firm in a monopolistically competitive market.QUESTION 20 Firms A and B engage in Bertrand competition, where a, = 26 – 2P, + 2P2, 9 = 26 + 2P, – 2P3, MC, = $2, MC, = $14 What is Firm B's price? O $12 $8 $10 O $14
- A study of ethanol as a transportation fuel reveals that the competitive equilibrium is expected to be at a price of $4 per gallon and a consumption rate of 100 million gallons/day. For a production rate of 10 million gallons/day, the marginal cost is found to be $1 per gallon. Also, a a price of $10 per gallon the demand is 10 million gallons/day. Answer the following questions for this system. 1. Determine the equations for the demand and marginal cost lines. 2. Calculate the consumer and producer surplus for the market equilibrium. 3. It was discovered later that the above information ignored a government subsidy of 50 cents per gallon. How will the demand and marginal cost lines, and the competitive equilibrium, change if this subsidy is removed?Two identical firms compete as a Coumot duopoly. The inverse market demand they face is P= 20 - 20. The cost function for each firm is C(Q) = 100+4Q. The price charged in this market will be O a. 32 O b.48 Oc 12 Od. 56 O e. None of the aboveSuppose the airline industry consisted of only two firms: American and Texas Air Corp. Let the two firms have identical cost functions, C(q) = 40q. Thus the marginal and average cost for each firm is €40. Assume the demand curve for the industry is given by P = 100 - Q and that each firm expects the other to behave as a Cournot competitor. The price charged by each firm in the Cournot equilbrium is O A. C80 O B. €40 OC. €60 O D. C75