Artificially induced apoptosis (controlled cellular death) is found to be an effective treat- ment for some forms of cancer. Which of the following describes the most likely mechanism by which apoptosis might be induced? A B с D by causing ribosomes to increase the rate of protein synthesis by triggering the division of mitochondria in the cell to increase ATP production by increasing t exp sion of membrane-bou glucose protein channels by causing lysosomes to release digestive enzymes into the cytosol

Artificially induced apoptosis (controlled cellular death) is found to be an effective treat- ment for some forms of cancer. Which of the following describes the most likely mechanism by which apoptosis might be induced? A B с D by causing ribosomes to increase the rate of protein synthesis by triggering the division of mitochondria in the cell to increase ATP production by increasing t exp sion of membrane-bou glucose protein channels by causing lysosomes to release digestive enzymes into the cytosol

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter9: Cell Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3ITD

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Which of the following best describes a way in which a normal growth factor can stimulate cell division? A A growth factor can bind to membrane receptors and initiate a signal transduction path- way that causes the synthesis of division-facilitating enzymes. B с D A growth factor can supply necessary biomolecular building blocks for cell division by diffusing through the cell membane. A growth factor can facilitate the transport of glucose into the cell, thereby providing it with nutrients to support cell division. A growth factor can inhibit specific checkpoints in the cell cycle and allow the cell to skip or bypass certain cell cycle phases.
Some drugs can prevent the formation of new lysosomes. However, a cell would continue to make hydrolytic enzymes from the DNA still contained in the cell. Where would you most likely find these enzymes after the drug treatment? O Golgi Complex O Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum O Nucleus O Mitochondrion Strikingly different signaling systems can operate in similar ways. For example, ethylene gas released by ripening fruits diffuses through the air from plant to
Upon learning about the mechanism of apoptosis, the question asked was; Is cytochrome c being released from mitochondria or is it being expressed by an induced nuclear gene and being produced in the cytosol. Which one of the following observations would provide the best evidence that it was being released from the mitochondria? Bcl2 blocks release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and also inhibits apoptosis Active Fas receptors trigger release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Extracellular signals that block apoptosis do not produce cytosolic cytochrome c Caspase inhibitors block release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria
WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION The properties oflife emerge at the biological level of the cell. The highly regulated process of apoptosis is not simply the destruction of acell; it is also an emergent property. Write a short essay (about100–150 words) that briefly explains the role of apoptosis inthe development and proper functioning of an animal, and describe how this form of programmed cell death is a process thatemerges from the orderly integration of signaling pathways.
Match each of the following cellular structures with the one function that best describes it. Site where the cell first makes contact with a virus Composed of microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments Site of cellular respiration, which generates ATP Organelle that "reads" RNA to create a protein from amino acids Site where proteins are modified into glycoproteins Site where proteins complete their modifications and are transported to other locations, inside or outside the cell General membrane-bound transport structure A vesicle involved in the process of endocytosis that becomes increasingly acidic Contains enzymes for intracellular digestion of malfunctioning organelles or ingested pathogens Location of genetic material 1. ribosome 2. nucleus 3. lysosome 4. 5. 6. Golgi complex 8. rough ER mitochondrion 7. vesicle cytoskeleton 9. plasma membrane 10. endosome
Which component of cell division machinery is frequently targeted by anti-cancer drugs? Can you explain the common side-effects of chemotherapy (e.g. hair loss, mucositis) based on this information?
Predict the effects of the following mutations on the ability of a cell to undergo apoptosis:a. Mutation in Bad such that it cannot be phosphorylated by protein kinase B (PKB)b. Overexpression of Bcl-2c. Mutation in Bax such that it cannot form homodimersOne common characteristic of cancer cells is a loss of function in the apoptotic pathway. Which of the mutations listed above might you expect to find in some cancer cells?
Cytochalasin D inhibits the formation of microfilaments. Which of the following biological activities will be affected? Select all that apply. Formation of nuclear lamin network Formation of cleavage furrow in telophase U Cytosolic transport of secretory vesicles Movement of phagocytic cells
Cancer cells treated with vitamin E succinate are generally more vulnerable to rupture of their lysosomal membranes (and subsequent apoptosis) than are normal cells, because: cancer cells often have an acidic cytosol, and their lysosomes have an acidic pH too cancer cells often have an acidic cytosol, but their lysosomes have an alkaline pH cancer cells often have an alkaline cytosol, and their lysosomes have an alkaline pH too cancer cells often have an alkaline cytosol, but their lysosomes have an acidic pH all of the above
Assign a function(s) to the following cellular structures: a. plasma membrane b. mitochondrion c. nucleus d. ribosome
Cell specializations are usually a modification or elaboration of one of the basic cell functions. (True or fa1se?)
Discuss two-three ways that kinases/phosphatases OR proteasomes ensures proper rates of cell division. A- G B I U V C M I Ꭶ C X₂ C x² = 州 순