Answer questions a-c about the Bronsted acid-base reaction below using the identifying letters A-D below each structure. A table of pK, values for various organic and inorganic acids can be found in the references section. NH2 NH3 CH3 OH CH3-S + A aniline methanesulfonic anilinium methanesulfonate acid a) The weaker acid is b) Its conjugate base is c) The species that predominate at equilibrium are (two letters, e.g. AC)

Answer questions a-c about the Bronsted acid-base reaction below using the identifying letters A-D below each structure. A table of pK, values for various organic and inorganic acids can be found in the references section. NH2 NH3 CH3 OH CH3-S + A aniline methanesulfonic anilinium methanesulfonate acid a) The weaker acid is b) Its conjugate base is c) The species that predominate at equilibrium are (two letters, e.g. AC)

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter15: Acid–base Equilibria

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21P

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As we shall see in Chapter 19, hydrogens on a carbon adjacent to a carbonyl group are far more acidic than those not adjacent to a carbonyl group. The anion derived from acetone, for example, is more stable than is the anion derived from ethane. Account for the greater stability of the anion from acetone.
Answer true or false to the following statements about the mechanism of acid-base reactions. (a) The acid and base must encounter each other by a collision in order for the proton to transfer. (b) All collisions between acids and bases result in proton transfer. (c) During an acid-base reaction the lone pair on the base fills the A-H antibonding sigma orbital.
Complete the equation for the reaction between each Lewis acid-base pair. In each equation, label which starting material is the Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base; use curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in each reaction. In doing this problem, it is essential that you show valence electrons for all atoms participating in each reaction. (a) (b) (c) (d)
The following are equivalent ways of asking about the acidity of an H atom: • What is the most acidic H on the molecule? • Which H is associated with the published pKa value? • Which H on the molecule is easiest to remove? • Which H on the molecule takes the least energy to remove? • Which bond to an H is most polarized? • For which H atom is removal least uphill in energy? • Which bond to an H atom, when broken, results in the lowest PE conjugate base? We will often find the last of these questions is easiest to answer. To do this, find all the different Hatoms on the molecule, and draw all possible conjugate bases.Only the lowest-energy one is the “real” conjugate base. Identify this structure, and you have found the most acidic H. Use this strategy to find the most acidic H on each of the following molecules. Note: Each structure hasat least three different kinds of H’s, so draw at least three unique conjugate bases for each.
Write an equation to illustrate the equilibrium that is present when propanoic acid is dissolved in water. What structure predominates when OH is added to raise the pH to 12? What structure predominates as acid is added to lower the pH to 2?
[Review Topics) [References) Answer questions a-c about the Bronsted acid-base reaction below using the identifying letters A-D below each structure. A table of pK, values for various organic and inorganic acids can be found in the references section. H2 H2 CH NH3 CH CH CH HO, B ethoxide C ethylammonium ethylamine ethanol a) The weaker acid is b) Its conjugate base is c) The species that predominate at equilibrium are (two letters, e.g. AC) Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 8 more group attempts remaining (Previou Email Instrui (? hp 12 fg fg f1o fs
Answer questions a-c about the Bronsted acid-base reaction below using the identifying letters A-D below each structure. A table of pKa values for various organic and inorganic acids can be found in the references section. A anilinium NH3 + B phenoxide с aniline NH₂ D phenol a) The weaker base is b) Its conjugate acid is c) The species that predominate at equilibrium are (two letters, e.g. AC) OH
Answer questions a-c about the Bronsted acid-base reaction below using the identifying letters A-D below each structure. A table of pK, values for various organic and inorganic acids can be found in the references section. H-CN :CN H. A в D hydrogen cyanide pyridine cyanide pyridinium a) The weaker acid is b) Its conjugate base is c) The species that predominate at equilibrium are (two letters, e.g. AC)
Rank the following acids in order from weakest acid to strongest acid. Explain why you ranked the acids in the designated order. Your answer should include, if applicable, reasons based in inductive effects, resonance (electron donating groups vs electron withdrawing groups), etc.
Acid-base catalysis mechanism and an example
The following "thought questions" are based on our lecture on acidity and molecular structure. See if you can reason these out but don't spend too much time on them. 1. Choose the stronger acid in each pair and explain your reasoning. a) HNO2 and HNO3 b) H₂S and H₂O c) CCI3COOH and CH3COOH d) H₂SO4 and H₂SO4
Answer questions a-c about the Bronsted acid-base reaction below using the identifying letters A-D below each structure. A table of pKa values for various organic and inorganic acids can be found in the references section. HO он Нон A B D hydroxide phenol water phenoxide a) The weaker base is b) Its conjugate acid is c) The species that predominate at equilibrium are (two letters, e.g. AC)