Alyeski Tours operates day tours of coastal glaciers in Alaska on its tour boat the Blue Glacier. Management has identified two cost drivers—the number of cruises and the number of passengers—that it uses in its budgeting and performance reports. The company publishes a schedule of day cruises that it may supplement with special sailings if there is sufficient demand. Up to 86 passengers can be accommodated on the tour boat. Data concerning the company’s cost formulas appear below: Fixed Cost per Month Cost per Cruise Cost per Passenger Vessel operating costs $ 6,200 $ 479.00 $ 3.20 Advertising $ 2,700 Administrative costs $ 5,400 $ 35.00 $ 1.50 Insurance $ 3,300 For example, vessel operating costs should be $6,200 per month plus $479.00 per cruise plus $3.20 per passenger. The company’s sales should average $30.00 per passenger. The company’s planning budget for July is based on 59 cruises and 3,000 passengers. Required: Complete the company’s planning budget for July.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
Alyeski Tours operates day tours of coastal glaciers in Alaska on its tour boat the Blue Glacier. Management has identified two cost drivers—the number of cruises and the number of passengers—that it uses in its budgeting and performance reports. The company publishes a schedule of day cruises that it may supplement with special sailings if there is sufficient demand. Up to 86 passengers can be accommodated on the tour boat. Data concerning the company’s cost formulas appear below:
| Fixed Cost per Month |
Cost per Cruise |
Cost per Passenger |
||||
| Vessel operating costs | $ | 6,200 | $ | 479.00 | $ | 3.20 |
| Advertising | $ | 2,700 | ||||
| Administrative costs | $ | 5,400 | $ | 35.00 | $ | 1.50 |
| Insurance | $ | 3,300 | ||||
For example, vessel operating costs should be $6,200 per month plus $479.00 per cruise plus $3.20 per passenger. The company’s sales should average $30.00 per passenger. The company’s planning budget for July is based on 59 cruises and 3,000 passengers.
Required:
Complete the company’s planning budget for July.
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