a) When 3-bromo-2,3-dimethylpentane, (CH3)CH2CBr(CH3)CH2CH 3, reacts with aqueous potassium hydroxide, an alcohol is formed. (i) Name the type of reaction taking place and give the role of the reagent. Type of reaction ............................................................................................... Role of reagent ................................................................................................. (ii) Outline a mechanism for the reaction, showing clearly the structure of the alcohol formed. (b) When 3-bromo-2,3-dimethylpentane reacts with ethanolic potassium hydroxide, three structurally isomeric alkenes are formed. (i) Name the type of reaction taking place and give the role of the reagent. Type of reaction ............................................................................................... Role of reagent ................................................................................................. (ii) One of the reaction products is 2,3-dimethylpent-2-ene. Give the structure of this alkene and outline a mechanism for its formation. Structure of alkene Mechanism (iii) Give the structures and names of the other two alkenes which are also formed. Structure of second alkene Name ................................................................................................................. Structure of third alkene Name ...........................................
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
(a) When 3-bromo-2,3-dimethylpentane, (CH3)CH2CBr(CH3)CH2CH 3, reacts with aqueous potassium
hydroxide, an alcohol is formed.
(i) Name the type of reaction taking place and give the role of the reagent.
Type of reaction ...............................................................................................
Role of reagent .................................................................................................
(ii) Outline a mechanism for the reaction, showing clearly the structure of the alcohol formed.
(b) When 3-bromo-2,3-dimethylpentane reacts with ethanolic potassium hydroxide, three structurally
isomeric
(i) Name the type of reaction taking place and give the role of the reagent.
Type of reaction ...............................................................................................
Role of reagent .................................................................................................
(ii) One of the reaction products is 2,3-dimethylpent-2-ene.
Give the structure of this alkene and outline a mechanism for its formation.
Structure of alkene
Mechanism
(iii) Give the structures and names of the other two alkenes which are also formed.
Structure of second alkene
Name .................................................................................................................
Structure of third alkene
Name ............................................................................................................
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