A velocity of a vehicle is required to be controlled and maintained constant even if there are disturbances because of wind, or road surface variations. The forces that are applied on the vehicle are the engine force (u), damping/resistive force (b*v) that opposing the motion, and inertial force (m*a). A simplified model is shown in the free body diagram below. bu m m From the free body diagram, the ordinary differential equation of the vehicle is: dv(t) dt v [m/s] is the velocity of the vehicle, b [Ns/m] is the damping coefficient, a = v= * + bv(t) = u(t) U

Elements Of Electromagnetics
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Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
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A velocity of a vehicle is required to be controlled and maintained constant even if there are disturbances because of wind, or road surface variations. The forces that are applied on the vehicle are the engine force (u), damping/resistive force (b*v) that opposing the motion, and inertial force (m*a). A simplified model is shown in the free body diagram below. From the free body diagram, the ordinary differential equation of the vehicle is: m * dv(t)/ dt + bv(t) = u (t) Where: v (m/s) is the velocity of the vehicle, b [Ns/m] is the damping coefficient, m [kg] is the vehicle mass, u [N] is the engine force. Question: Assume that the vehicle initially starts from zero velocity and zero acceleration. Then, (Note that the velocity (v) is the output and the force (w) is the input to the system): 1. What is the order of this system?
A velocity of a vehicle is required to be controlled and maintained constant even if there are disturbances
because of wind, or road surface variations. The forces that are applied on the vehicle are the engine
force (u), damping/resistive force (b*v) that opposing the motion, and inertial force (m*a). A simplified
model is shown in the free body diagram below.
bu
m
m
From the free body diagram, the ordinary differential equation of the vehicle is:
dv(t)
dt
v [m/s] is the velocity of the vehicle,
b [Ns/m] is the damping coefficient,
m [kg] is the vehicle mass,
u [N] is the engine force.
a = v= ï
+ bv(t) = u(t)
Question:
Assume that the vehicle initially starts from zero velocity and zero acceleration. Then,
(Note that the velocity (v) is the output and the force (u) is the input to the system):
1. What is the order of this system?
Transcribed Image Text:A velocity of a vehicle is required to be controlled and maintained constant even if there are disturbances because of wind, or road surface variations. The forces that are applied on the vehicle are the engine force (u), damping/resistive force (b*v) that opposing the motion, and inertial force (m*a). A simplified model is shown in the free body diagram below. bu m m From the free body diagram, the ordinary differential equation of the vehicle is: dv(t) dt v [m/s] is the velocity of the vehicle, b [Ns/m] is the damping coefficient, m [kg] is the vehicle mass, u [N] is the engine force. a = v= ï + bv(t) = u(t) Question: Assume that the vehicle initially starts from zero velocity and zero acceleration. Then, (Note that the velocity (v) is the output and the force (u) is the input to the system): 1. What is the order of this system?
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