8. What is the result of a decreased amount of antidiuretic hormone being released? a. Decreased production of ADH b. Diabetes mellitus c. Increased blood pressure d. Increased rate of glycogen breakdown 9. Which of the following structures is responsible for the reabsorption of water and salt? I. Bowmans Capsule II. Proximal Tubule a. I only b. I and II only c. II, III and IV only d. II, III, IV and V only e. I, II, III and V only III. IV. V. Distal Tubule The loop of Henle Collecting duct
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- 1. parathyroid hormone increases the calcium in the blood by bone resoprtion. This hormone also increases the reabsorption of calcium in the loop of henle a. both are true c. only second is true b. both are false d. only first is true. 2. all of the following is an indication of decreased blood volume a. increased renal perfusion b. hyperosmolality c. decreased saliva production d. none of the choices e. hypernatremia 3. potassium produces a purple flame in atomic absorption mass spectrophotometry. To determine its concentration using ISE. The electrode should be coated with valincomycin a. both are true b. only first is true c. both are true d. only second is true 4. a 30 year old female patient who works in a BPO company was brought to the emergency room because she compalined of having palpitayions after drinking 3 cups of coffee she had a history of hypertension and recently had a fever and colds. because of her irregular breathing pattern, blood gas…4. Hormones: Matching Parathyroid hormone, Aldosterone Calcitriol Antidiuretic hormone Atrial natriuretic peptide Angiotensin II Erythropoietin A. Stimulated by high blood volume. This hormone causes mesangial cells in the glomerulus to increase capillary surface area to increase filtration rate. Also increases excretion of sodium in urine and thus diuresis. B. Stimulated by low plasma levels of calcium. This hormone targets the distal convoluted tubule to increase reabsorption of calcium. C. Stimulated by low circulating red blood cells. Secreted by kidneys to stimulate erythropoiesis by red bone marrow. D. Stimulated by low blood volume/pressure. This hormone causes constriction of afferent and efferent arterioles to decrease filtration rate. Also increases reabsorption of sodium, other solutes, and water. E. Active Vitamin D produced by kidneys to increase dietary absorption of calcium. F. Stimulated by angiotensin II and high plasma levels of potassium. This hormone causes…1. Dabetes insipidus is a disease where the affected individual can urinate up to 40 liters of dilune per day. Which of the following hormonal imbalances could be a cause of diabeinsipidus?A. Severe hyposecretion of inhibinB. Severe hypersecretion of aldosteroneC. Severe hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormoneD. Severe hypersecrebon of inhibin. 2. A chemical that inhibited the action of renin would. A. Cause a decrease in plasma [aldosterone] and an increase in palasma[angiostansin II ]. B. because ausea decrease in plasma [angiotensin II] and an increase in plasma [aldosteron C. Could ultimately cause a decrease in urine outputD. Would cause a massive increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 3a. An 18-year-old woman passed out at a party and was taken to the emergency roomfriends. They stated that she had been drinking alcoholic beverages heavily. Upon admis-the emergency room, she was only responsive to painful stimuli. Her laboratory tests sthat she had metabolic…
- 4. Caffeine inhibits the secretion of ADH. Prior to an exam, you have a large coffee. During the exam, you can expect a. greater water reabsorption from the collecting duct. b. less water reabsorption from the collecting duct. c. an increase in reabsorption of glucose from the proximal convoluted tubule. d. a decrease in reabsorption of glucose from the proximal convoluted tubule.1. A severely dehydrated patient is admitted to the Emergency Department. Which of the following would NOT be elevated in this patient? A. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) B. Plasma renin C. Plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) D. Sympathetic nervous 2. When ADH levels increase: A. the amount of water reabsorbed increases. B. the amount of water reabsorbed decreases. C. the DCT becomes impermeable to water. D. sodium ions are exchanged for potassium ions.24. Which of the following could lead to renal osteodystrophy? a. low levels of parathyroid hormone b. high levels of blood calcium c. injections of calcitrol d. increased physical activity e. a high protein diet raboo caused
- 1. Potassium: Insulin Overdose, Magnesium: Antacids a. both decreased b. both increased c. first decreased, second increased d. first increased, second decreased 2. Na: Hyperaldosteronism, Cl: Aldosterone deficiency a.first decreased, second increased b. both increased c. both decreased d. first increased, second decreased 3. Magnesium: Addison's disease, Phosphate : Renal Tubular acidosis a. first increased, second increased b. first decreased, second increased c. both increased d. both decreased 4. all of the following will cause decreased potassium except: a. insulin overdose b. cushing's syndrome c. none of the choices d. excess fluid loss e. hyperraldosteronism 5. thyroxine decreased the concentration of magnesium in the blood. Vitamin D increased the calcium in the blood a. both are false b. both are true c. only second is true d. only first is trueA 50-year-old man has low serum calcium and high serum phosphate levels. His urinary cAMP levels are low. He most likely suffers from: a. Hypoparathyroidism b. Hyperparathyroidism c. Vitamin D deficiency d. Cushing’s syndrome Bone loss associated with renal failure occurs because: a. the failing kidney is no longer capable of PTH production b. renal phosphate clearance decreases in renal failure c. the failing kidney increases activation of vitamin D d. renal calcium clearance increases in renal failureIn hyperparathyroidism it is not common to find: A. Persistent hypotensionB. Muscle weaknessC. NeuropathyD. Recidivation of nephrolithiasisE. Pain in bone
- 24. Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is quite different from Diabetes Mellitus (DM) although both produce large volumes of dilute urine output. DI can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT. a. voluntary drinking of excess (unneeded) water b. end stage kidney failure/disease c. a tumour of the hypothalamus d. a head injury causing elevated intra-cranial pressure e. no exception, all answers (a-d) are possible causes of DI4 Red Bone 1. What can cause low blood 0,? Marrow 2. Olympic athletes often train at high elevation. How would high elevation affect the following? EPO levels Hematocrit O, carrying capacity 3. What condition may develop in people with kidney disease? Why?14. What of the follow is not an effect of antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)? Retains body H20 a. b. Increases blood pressure Decreases extracellular solute concentration d. Stimulates the contraction of smooth muscle in the uterus e. Causes a reduction in the volume of urine produced 15. Which of the following pituitary disorders results in small stature and occurs because of a deficit in growth hormone (GH)? to. Gigantism Dwarfism Acromegaly d. Diabetes insipidus Grave's Disease 16. Long term, chronic stress causes cortisol to be released from where? adrenal cortex a. b. Liver C. Pancreas d. Pituitary Gland Ce.Hypothalamus