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Market demand for a commodity can change as a result of a change in consumers income, their tastes and preferences, the price of related goods and the number of consumers in the market.
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- In an article on how exercise improves health, the New York Times reported on an observational study that found that each hour spent running added two hours to a person's life expectancy [Brody. 20061 A week later, a letter to the editor questioned whether the results really proved anything about the impact of exercise on health, and suggested that the study could just as well be showing that "those with a strong heart and good health are otherwise more likely to enjoy running and do it more regularly." How does this challenge to the exercise study relate to the problems faced by economists trying to &slims the causal effects of economic policy? How could you design an experimental study to estimate the impact of running on life expectancy?You are in the market for a new couch and havefound two advertisements for the kind of couchyou want to buy. One seller notes in her ad that sheis selling because she is moving to a smaller apartment, and the couch won’t fit in the new space.The other seller says he is selling because the couchdoesn’t match his other furniture. Which seller doyou expect to buy from? Why? ( Hint: Think whowould be the more motivated seller.)2. What will happen to the income of pediatricians? in the early 1990s, concerns about the supply of pediatricians led to an expansion of pediatric training. As a result, the number of pediatricians is expected to grow from about 45,000 in 2005 to about 60,000 in 2022. In contrast, the number of children is expected to grow by less than 10 percent, meaning that the number of children per pediatrician should fall by 20 percent (Shipman Lurie, and Goodman 2004). The decline in the number of children per pediatrician seems likely to result in lower incomes for pediatrician. Further, this decrease may be amplified by the emergence of retail clinics that are staffed by nurse practitioners and offer convenient, walk in services for many common childhood illnesses. Model the effects of the drop in the number of children per pediatrician using per pediatrician demand and supply services. How do you expect those curve to shift over time? What impact will this shift have on the incomes of…
- In the short run, Multiple Choice TVC will increase for a time at a diminishing rate, but then beyond some point will increase at an increasing rate. TVC will increase for a time at an increasing rate, but then beyond some point will increase at a diminishing rate. TVC will increase by the same absolute amount for each additional unit of output produced. one cannot generalize concerning the behavior of TVC as output increases.92. Based on Garvin et al. (1957). Ole Oil produces three products: heating oil, gasoline, and jet fuel. The average octane levels must be at least 4.5 for heating oil, 8.5 for gas, and 7.0 for jet fuel. To produce these products Ole purchases two types of oil: crude 1 (at $12 per barrel) and crude 2 (at $10 per barrel). Each day at most 10,000 barrels of each type of oil can be purchased. Before crude can be used to produce products for sale, it must be distilled. Each day at most 15,000 barrels of oil can be distilled. It costs $0.10 to distill a barrel of oil. The result of distillation is as shown in Table 4.55. Distilled naphtha can be used only to produce gasoline or jet fuel. Distilled oil can be used to produce heating oil or it can be sent through the catalytic cracker (at a cost of $0.15 per barrel). Each day at most 5000 barrels of distilled oil can be sent through the cracker, with the results as shown in Table 4.56. Cracked oil can be used to produce gasoline and jet fuel…In Autarka there are 9600 people who like to visit an amusement park. Each of theseconsumers wants to visit one park once. The consumers' homes are evenly spaced acrossthe island, and they each suffer a disutility of $24 for each kilometre they travel to reachan amusement park. With their current technology, it costs an amusement park $12 for each customer theyhost. At present, the equilibrium price for an amusement park ticket is $36, and each firmhas a profit of $115,200. This market is best modelled as Hotelling competition. Fixed costs should be neglected. Treat this market as a one-shot game. Do not consider repetition or associated phenomena such as collusion or predatory pricing. Derive an expression for the location of the indifferent consumer. Use PA to represent the price of admission at Alfonso's Wonderland, and PB to represent the price of admission at Bernice's Wild Rides.
- In Autarka there are 9600 people who like to visit an amusement park. Each of theseconsumers wants to visit one park once. The consumers' homes are evenly spaced acrossthe island, and they each suffer a disutility of $24 for each kilometre they travel to reachan amusement park. With their current technology, it costs an amusement park $12 for each customer theyhost. At present, the equilibrium price for an amusement park ticket is $36, and each firmhas a profit of $115,200. This market is best modelled as Hotelling competition. Fixed costs should be neglected. Treat this market as a one-shot game. Do not consider repetition or associated phenomena such as collusion or predatory pricing. Find the profit function for Bernice's Wild Rides. Assuming that Bernice's marginal cost is $12.Scenario The government of the island nation of Autarka has become increasingly concerned about the health and wellbeing of low income households. Medical experts stress the importance of a healthy diet in this regard. They have determined that, ideally, a household would consume at least 10kg of fresh fruit and vegetables each week. The government has proposed implementing a new voucher scheme to ensure that the 10kg per week consumption target is met. Under the government’s proposal, the vouchers would be redeemable for fresh fruit and vegetables, but could not be used for other types of food, or for non-food consumption. Moreover, to limit the cost of the voucher scheme, the value of the vouchers sent to a household would be linked to the household’s income. Community groups in Autarka have expressed concern that a voucher scheme is unnec- essarily paternalistic; depriving low income households of the choice of how to spend their income. These groups argue that the government’s…In Autarka 2 amusement parks, Alfonso's wonderland and Bernice's rides there are 9600 people who like to visit an amusement park. Each of theseconsumers wants to visit one park once. The consumers' homes are evenly spaced acrossthe island, and they each suffer a disutility of $24 for each kilometre they travel to reachan amusement park. With their current technology, it costs an amusement park $12 for each customer theyhost. At present, the equilibrium price for an amusement park ticket is $36, and each firmhas a profit of $115,200. This market is best modelled as Hotelling competition. Fixed costs should be neglected. Treat this market as a one-shot game. Do not consider repetition or associated phenomena such as collusion or predatory pricing. Assuming Bernice's rides has a profit function of Nb(Pa,Pb) = 200(PaPb - Pb^2 + 36Pb -12Pa - 288), what is Bernice's rides best response function?
- In Autarka 2 amusement parks, Alfonso's wonderland and Bernice's rides there are 9600 people who like to visit an amusement park. Each of theseconsumers wants to visit one park once. The consumers' homes are evenly spaced acrossthe island, and they each suffer a disutility of $24 for each kilometre they travel to reachan amusement park. With their current technology, it costs an amusement park $12 for each customer theyhost. At present, the equilibrium price for an amusement park ticket is $36, and each firmhas a profit of $115,200. This market is best modelled as Hotelling competition. Fixed costs should be neglected. Treat this market as a one-shot game. Do not consider repetition or associated phenomena such as collusion or predatory pricing. Find the profit function for Alfonso's Wonderland for the case in which their marginal cost is $6.Scenario The government of the island nation of Autarka has become increasingly concerned about the health and wellbeing of low-income households. Medical experts stress the importance of a healthy diet in this regard. They have determined that, ideally, a household would consume at least 10kg of fresh fruit and vegetables each week. The government has proposed implementing a new voucher scheme to ensure that the 10kg per week consumption target is met. Under the government’s proposal, the vouchers would be redeemable for fresh fruit and vegetables, but could not be used for other types of food, or for non-food consumption. Moreover, to limit the cost of the voucher scheme, the value of the vouchers sent to a household would be linked to the household’s income. Community groups in Autarka have expressed concern that a voucher scheme is unnecessarily paternalistic; depriving low-income households of the choice of how to spend their income. These groups argue that the government’s…Scenario The government of the island nation of Autarka has become increasingly concerned about the health and wellbeing of low-income households. Medical experts stress the importance of a healthy diet in this regard. They have determined that, ideally, a household would consume at least 10kg of fresh fruit and vegetables each week. The government has proposed implementing a new voucher scheme to ensure that the 10kg per week consumption target is met. Under the government’s proposal, the vouchers would be redeemable for fresh fruit and vegetables, but could not be used for other types of food, or for non-food consumption. Moreover, to limit the cost of the voucher scheme, the value of the vouchers sent to a household would be linked to the household’s income. Community groups in Autarka have expressed concern that a voucher scheme is unnecessarily paternalistic; depriving low-income households of the choice of how to spend their income. These groups argue that the government’s…