3. How many valence electrons are in a C atom? an Cl atom? (a) Write the full Lewis structure for the CH2C½ molecule. Show all lone pairs. (b) Write the geometric structure for the CH2CI2 molecule and name the geometry. (c) Determine if the CH2CI2 molecule has polar or nonpolar bonds using the following electronegativity: C =2.5, H = 2.1, CI = 3.0. structure below, but this time include partial charges and dipole arrows for any polar bonds present. Justify your assignments for polar or nonpolar bonds. Re-draw the geometric

3. How many valence electrons are in a C atom? an Cl atom? (a) Write the full Lewis structure for the CH2C½ molecule. Show all lone pairs. (b) Write the geometric structure for the CH2CI2 molecule and name the geometry. (c) Determine if the CH2CI2 molecule has polar or nonpolar bonds using the following electronegativity: C =2.5, H = 2.1, CI = 3.0. structure below, but this time include partial charges and dipole arrows for any polar bonds present. Justify your assignments for polar or nonpolar bonds. Re-draw the geometric

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337399074

Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Chapter8: Bonding And Molecular Structure

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 98SCQ: Acrylamide, H2C=CHCONH2, is a known neurotoxin and possible carcinogen. It was a shock to all...

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Acrylamide, H2C=CHCONH2, is a known neurotoxin and possible carcinogen. It was a shock to all consumers of potato chips and french fries a few years ago when it was found to occur in those products. (a) Sketch the molecular structure of acrylamide and identify all bond angles. (b) Indicate which carbon-carbon bond is the stronger of the two. (c) Is the molecule polar or nonpolar? (d) The amount of acrylamide found in potato chips is 1.7 mg/kg. If a serving of potato chips is 28 g, how many moles of acrylamide are you consuming?
Given the bonds C N, C H, C Br, and S O, (a) which atom in each is the more electronegative? (b) which of these bonds is the most polar?
(a) Complete the Lewis structure for vinyl chloride by showing all unshared pairs of electrons. (b) Predict the H-C-H, H-C-C, and Cl-C-H bond angles in this molecule. (c) Does vinyl chloride have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?
10.) The structural formula of a certain aldehyde (related to formaldehyde) is H3C-CH2-CHO. Draw a Lewis structure for this aldehyde and determine the number of bonds present. Note that a single or a double or a triple bond counts as one bond. Write the number, not the word.
ii. Answer true or false. (a) A covalent bond is formed between two atoms whose difference in electronegativity is less than 1.9. (b) If the difference in electronegativity between two atoms is zero (they have identical electronegativities), then the two atoms will not form a covalent bond. (c) A covalent bond formed by sharing two electrons is called a double bond. (d) In the hydrogen molecule (H2), the shared pair of electrons completes the valence shell of each hydrogen. (e) In the molecule CH4, each hydrogen has an electron configuration like that of helium, and carbon has an electron configuration like that of neon. (f) In a polar covalent bond, the more electronegative atom has a partial negative charge (8-) and the less electronegative atom has a partial positive charge (&+). (g) These bonds are arranged in order of increasing polarity C-H
Consider the formate ion, HCO2", which is the anion formed when formic acid loses an H* ion. The H and the two O atoms are bonded to the central C atom. (a) Draw the best Lewis structure(s) for this ion. (b) Are resonance structures needed to describe the structure? Explain briefly (c) Would you predict that the C-O bond lengths in the formate ion would be longer or shorter relative to those in CO2? Explain briefly
ClO2F2+(a) Draw all of the possible Lewis structures (including reasonance structures) of the following compounds.(b) Label the formal charge for each atom.(c) Determine which resonance structure(s) is(are) the better/best and briefly explain. Question 5. Finish the questions regarding the molecule/ion in Question 4 above. (a) Draw the best Lewis structure with a three-dimensional fashion by using dash and solid wedges.(b) Name the electron geometry and molecular geometry of the molecules. Identify the bond angles. Note: For the non-standard bond angels, use “<” or “>” to suggest the deviation of the bond angles from the standard bond angel. (c) Determine wether the molecule is molecule is polar or non-polar. Briefly explain.
Keeping in mind that some elements violate the octet rule, draw a Lewis structure for each compound: (a) BeH 2; (b) PCl 5.
3. Consider the four compounds BB33, CB14, NB13, and Br,O. Use periodic trends in bond lengths and the electronegativity table in Chang to answer the following questions: (a) Which molecule is expected to have the longest bonds? (b) Which molecule is expected to have the most polar bonds? (c) Which molecule is expected to have the least polar bonds?
For each of the following covalent bonds: (a) use the symbols δ+ and δ- to indicate the direction of polarity (if any).(a) C-F; (b) N-Br; (c) B-C; (d) Si-H(b) Rank the following covalent bonds in order of increasing polarity. (i) C-H, O-H, N-H; (ii) C-N, C-O, B-O; (iii) C-P, C-S, C-N
(1) What is the total number of valence electrons in the Lewis structure of SF2? electrons (2) Draw a Lewis structure for SF2
Covalent bonds: H―HC―HO―HO═O C≡O Bond energy (kJ/mol):4364154654981080Calculate the enthalpy change (H, in kJ/mol) for the following reaction and indicate whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.(*BE for C═Oin CO2)(a) CH4(g)+ H2O(g)CO(g)+ 3H2(g);