3. All of the following are the modern laws of findings and experiments except the Law of A. Gravity that (LT#1) C. Segregation B. Independent Assortment 4. Which term has the same meaning as homozygous? (LT#2) B. hybrid A. genotype C. phenotype D. purebred
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- 1. How are traits passed from parents to offspring? 2. Why is Mendel called the Father of Genetics? 3. What are alleles, genes and gametes. 4. The results of Mendel's dihybrid crosses have a ratio of 9:3:3:1. However, in nature, there are pseudo deviations of Mendel's laws. What is Mendel's Law pseudo deviation? Name the types and make comparisons 5. What is meant by crossover? And what phase does it occur in Mitosis 6. Write down the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis cell division 7. Why are farmers encouraged to use certified seeds in planting oil palm? Write down your reasons in full.1. Gregor Mendel knew that some traits could be closely associated. Mendel said that those traits were essentially the same trait. a. Could Mendel be including traits that were very closely linked or that were due to the same genetic factor? b. Did he need to distinguish between these two possibilities in order to reject them as evidence for his Law of Independent Assortment? Why or why not?5. The table shows the combinations of alleles that result in human ABO blood types. A biology student explains that two parents with type AB blood can produce children with any one of the four possible human blood types. Is the student's explanation correct? Blood Type A B AB O Blood Types Combination of Alleles JAJA or Ai BIB or 15 JA/B ii * REQUIRED No, the parent's genotypes cannot be determined, so predictions about children's traits cannot be made. No, the parents cannot produce children with type O blood. No, the parents can produce children with only type AB blood. Yes, these parents have alleles that can produce combinations resulting in all blood types. E 7
- 1.True or false: Morgan's fruit fly work showed that genes reside on chromosomes 2. True or false: All pea plant traits are "either or" 3. True or false: Mendel's "factors" are actually alleles for genes 4. True of false: DNA polymerase matches complimentary nucleotides to the template strand11. A polygenic trait is also called multiple a. continuous trait holandric gene d. X-link gene b. A plant bearing pink flowers is allowed to pollinate itself. Every generation thereafter, the plant still produces pink flowers. This condition is known as hybridization 12. C. pure breeding a. b. incomplete dominance d. segregation 13. A homozygous red-flowered plant was crossed with a homozygous white-flowered plant and resulted in an offspring with red flowers. This demonstrates a case of dihybrid cross monohybrid cross a. C. b. dominance d. pure breeding How many chromosomes does a human gamete have? 14. 12 a. C. 24 b. 23 d. 46 If a heterozygous tall plant (TI) is crossed with a short plant (t), how many percent of the offspring are heterozygous tall? 15. a. 25% с. 75% b. 50% d. 100% Critical Thinking Are you in favor of the idea that couples should undergo genetic counseling? Why? Explain why Gregor Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments. Albinism is caused by a mutation;…1. If there are two alleles for flower color in pea plants, one that results in violet color (dominant phenotype) and one that results in white color (recessive phenotype), what would the symbols be for each of the following; a. Recessive allele b. Dominant allele c. Heterozygous genotype d. Homozygous recessive genotype
- 8. Observe the sex-linked pedigree provided here that is tracking the red-green color- blindness trait. Please determine the genotypes for all unknown individuals: a. Genotype: b. Genotype: C. Genotype: d. Genotype: e. Genotype: f. Genotype: g. Genotype: h. Genotype: I II III B E Loo TOL A ☐º1. Mendel did not find linkage in his experiments. a. Is it possible that, just by selecting traits that were not phenotypically correlated in any of his F2 offspring, that Mendel deliberately chose pairs of traits that were truly independent in a statistical sense? After all, the chromosome theory had not been developed in Mendel’s day.4. In analyzing genetic crosses, it is often necessary to examine more than one trait that is inherited in offspring. Mendel derived his Law of independent assortment of alleles by examining two traits at once. You can follow in Mendel's footsteps by working through a slightly more complex cross-a dihybrid cross-in which you can determine the probabilities of how two different traits can manifest in the offspring. Consider the two traits in pea plants that were discussed above-height (T, t) and pea color (Y, y). A dihybrid cross to trace transmission of these alleles into offspring would involve two hybrid parents, which means both of their genotypes would be TtYy. Imagine that you cross these two parents together-what types of offspring could you possibly get? a. What combination of alleles T, t, Y and y would be found in the gametes of a TtYy parent? b. Using the Punnett square below, distribute the maternal gametes onto the vertical axis and the paternal gametes onto the horizontal…
- 3. A researcher who has been studying albinism has identified a large group of families with four children in which at least one child shows albinism. None of the parents in this group of families shows albinism. Among the children, the ratio of those without albinism to those with albinism is 1.7: 1. The researcher was surprised because he thought that a 3:1 ratio would be expected on the basis of Mendel’s Principle of Segregation. a. As the research keeps increasing his sample of families with four children and at least one of the children with albinism, will the ratio of non-albino children to albino children converge toward the 3:1 ratio that he expects? Why or why not?b. What explains the non-Mendelian segregation ration in the researcher’s present data set?c. If the researcher expands his sample size to 1000 families of four children with at least one albino child, would you expect his data for non-albino vs. albino children to fit a 3:1 ratio if a chi-square test is done for a…3. Codominance is when two dominant alleles of contrastingpair fully expressed at the same time in heterozygousindividual. Which of the following situation is an example ofcodominance?A. Jo mated the red bull with the white cow to produce a roan cow.B. Melissa traces her blood type by crossing the blood type of herparents.C. James passed a genetic disorder hypertrichosis pinnae aurisor hairy ear to his son.D. Tess crosses the red carnation flower plant with white flowercarnation plant to produce a pink flower plant.1. In humans, red-green color blindness is a. equally common in both sexes b. caused by a recessive allele c. produced in males by a heterozygous genotype d. inherited in males trom their fathers 2.The following are limitations of pedigree except a. shows the patterns of inheritance b. families share environments too c. Best for dichotomous characteristics d. Paternity