18.21 (SI units) **Do not use commas in your answer.** A cylindrical billet is 200 mm long and 100 mm in diameter. It is reduced by indirect extrusion to a 30 mm diameter. Die angle = 90°. In the Johnson equation, a = 0.8 and b = 1.5. In the flow curve for the work metal, strength coefficient = 250 MPa and strain hardening exponent = 0.15. Determine (a) extrusion ratio, (b) true strain (homogeneous deformation), (c) extrusion strain, (d) ram pressure, MPa and (e) ram force. N

18.21 (SI units) Do not use commas in your answer. A cylindrical billet is 200 mm long and 100 mm in diameter. It is reduced by indirect extrusion to a 30 mm diameter. Die angle = 90°. In the Johnson equation, a = 0.8 and b = 1.5. In the flow curve for the work metal, strength coefficient = 250 MPa and strain hardening exponent = 0.15. Determine (a) extrusion ratio, (b) true strain (homogeneous deformation), (c) extrusion strain, (d) ram pressure, MPa and (e) ram force. N

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1MA

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During a direct extrusion process for a billet with 5 in long and diameter 2.5 in to 1.6 in. For the work metal, strength coefficient is 75000 Ib/in, and strain hardening exponent is 0.4, also the die angle of extrusion is 90. In Johnson extrusion strain equation a = 0.8, and b= 1.5. Determine: (a) extrusion ratio (b) true strain (c) extrusion strain, and (d) ram pressure at length 5, 4.2, 2.3,1.5,and 0 in.
You have been asked to work on some design problems and technically support the team working on extrusion and forging operations: 1) The team are extruding a billet that is 80 mm long with diameter of 40 mm is directly to a diameter of 20 mm. The extrusion die has a die angle of 75°, see Figure 1. For the work metal, K = 600 MPa and n = 0.25. In the Johnson extrusion strain equation, a = 0.8 and b = 1.4. Remaining billet length 75 Ram pressure, p D. Dr Figure 1: Extrusion process. Determine the following design parameters: (a) Extrusion ratio. (b) True strain (homogeneous deformation). (c) Extrusion strain. (d) Ram pressure at L= 80, 40, and 10 mm. (e) Draw the relationship between the ram pressure and billet length and discuss the results. What are your recommendations to dccrcase the required ram pressure?
The team performs a cold heading operation to produce the head on a steel nail. The strength coefficient for this steel is K = 550 MPa, and the strain hardening exponent n = 0.24. Coefficient of friction at the die- work interface = 0.10. The wire stock out of which the nail is made is 4.75 mm in diameter. The head is to have a diameter = 9.5 mm and a thickness = 1.5 mm. (a) What length of stock must project out of the die in order to provide sufficient volume of material for this upsetting operation? (b) Compute the maximum force that the punch must apply to form the head in this open-die operation. Discuss the result?
Wire is drawn through a draw die with entrance angle a= 17°. Starting diameter is 3.0 mm and final diameter = 2.4 mm. The coefficient of friction at the work-die interface = 0.08. The metal has a strength coefficient K = 205 MPa and a strain-hardening exponent n = draw force in this operation. Why are multiple passes usually required to achieve the desired reduction? (Hint: Observe the draw stress value found in this question) 0.20. Determine the draw stress and Lubricant box Initial wire stock (in coil form) Multiple pass/draft drawing Draw die V2, F V3, F shown in figure. Capstan drum (holds multiple loops of wire) (1) (2) (3)
16 30. Forging process is suitable for mass production. Select one: True False
The team is extruding a billet that is 80 mm long with diameter of 40 mm is directly to a diameter of 20 mm. The extrusion die has a die angle of 75°, see Figure 1. For the work metal, K = 600 MPa and n = 0.25. In the Johnson extrusion strain equation, a = 0.8 and b = 1.4. Remaining billet length 75 Ram pressure, p Do Figure 1: Extrusion process. Determine the following design parameters: (a) Extrusion strain (b) Ram pressure at L = 80, 40, and 10 mm. (c) Draw the relationship between the ram pressure and billet length and discuss the results. What are your recommendations to decrease the required ram pressure?
A billet 100 mm long and 30 mm in diameter is to be extruded in a direct extrusion operation with extrusion ratio r, = 3.5. The extrudate has a round cross section. The die angle (half angle) = 60°. The work metal has a strength coefficient = 720 MPa, and strain hardening exponent = 0.17. Use the Johnson formula with a = 0.8 andb= 1.2 to estimate extrusion strain. Determine the following: 1. Diameter of the extrudate = mm 2. Butt volume = mm3 3. Actual extrudate length = mm 4. The pressure applied to perform the extrusion process = MPa 5. Ram force = N.
Example 10.3 A cylindrical billet of 40 mm diameter and 100 mm length is reduced by indirect (backward) extrusion to a 15 mm diameter using Flat dies. If the Johnson equation has a = 0.8 and b = 1.5 and the flow curve for the work metal has K = 750 MPa and n = 0.15, determine : (i) Extrusion rations (ii) True strain (homogencous deformation) (iii) Extrusion strain (iv) Ram force
A billet 75mmlong and 25mmin diameter is to be extruded in a direct extrusion operation with extrusion ratio rx = 4.0. The extrudate has a round cross section. The die angle (half angle) = 90° The work metal has a strength coefficient = 415 MPa, and strainhardening exponent = 0.18. Use the Johnson formula with a = 0.8 and b = 1.5 to estimate extrusion strain. Determine the pressure applied to the end of the billet as the ram moves forward
B) In a metal forming operation, where the strength coefficient (K = 300 MPa), flow stress is 130 MPa, & the true strain is 0.02. Determine the average or mean flow stress if the maximum strain value during the deformation process is 0.3.
Question 1 solid cylindrical work piece is reduced in height by an open die forging process using flat dies on a mechanical press, powered by a 20 kW motor which operates at 35 strokes per minute with a stroke length of 160 mm. The work piece is 60 mm high and 100 mm in diameter and is to be reduced in height by 15%. The coefficient of friction during the operation is 0,18. Calculate the flow stress of work piece material if the press is set to operate at 90% of its maximum capacity.
2) Drawing: A round rod of annealed 302 stainless steel (K = 1300 MPa and n = 0.3) is being drawn from a diameter of 15 mm to a diameter of 12 mm at a speed 0.25 m/s, using a semidie angle of 8º. a. Calculate the percentage reduction, the applied force due to ideal deformation, friction, and inhomogeneous deformation. Assume coefficient of friction of 0.1. b. Calculate the required power, process efficiency, and the die pressure at the exit.