13. A decrease in atrial natriuretic peptide will result in which of the following?ExtracellularExtracellularFluid VolumeNat ContentA)OB)OC)OD)1↓1

Dietary uptake regulates different hormonal activities in the body.

Answered: 13. A decrease in atrial natriuretic…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter14: The Urinary System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18UC

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42. An investigator is conducting a clinical study of the effects of ADH (vasopressin) on whole body fluid balance. The plan is to produce increased circulating concentrations of ADH. Following a 5% change from baseline, which of the following will be the most effective physiologic stimulus for increasing ADH secretion in this study? A) Decrease in blood pressure B) Decrease in blood volume C) Increase in serum osmolality D) Increase in fluid intake E) Increase in hematocrit
39. An investigator is conducting a clinical study of the effects of ADH (vasopressin) on whole body fluid balance. The plan is to produce increased circulating concentrations of ADH Following a 5% change from baseline, which of the following will be the most effective physiologic stimulus for increasing ADH secretion in this study? OA) Decrease in blood pressure OB) Decrease in blood volume OC) Increase in serum osmolality OD) Increase in fluid intake OE) Increase in hematocrit
1. There is a medical condition called Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone (SIADH) secretion, which can occur as a result of head trauma. Patients with this condition retain water and present with a volume imbalance. A) Name the type of volume imbalance and accompanying direction of changes in ICF and ECF volumes and osmolality. B) Calculate the changes in osmolality and volumes of extracellular and intracellular fluid compartments if 3 liters of water are retained by a patient with SIADH. You can assume that the patient’s initial volumes were ECF=14 L, ICF=28 L. And his initial body osmolality = 290 mOsM. Remember that the total solute in the ICF compartment is kept in place by the cell membrane barrier.
39. An investigator is conducting a clinical study of the effects of ADH (vasopressin) on whole body fluid balance. The plan is to produce increased circulating concentrations of ADH Following a 5% change from baseline, which of the following will be the most effective physiologic stimulus for increasing ADH secretion in this study? OA) Decrease in blood pressure OB) Decrease in blood volume OC) Increase in serum osmolality D) Increase in fluid intake OE) Increase in hematocrit
1.) What are the most important extracellular and intracellular fluid ions and give the significance of each? 2.) What is the outcome of decrease Calcium ions in the body in muscle contraction? 3.) What is the normal body pH?
50. A healthy 54-year-old man who is participating in a study on renal function has been following a high-sodium diet for the past 2 weeks. Which of the following findings in serum are most likely in this man on day 14 compared with prediet values? Na+ Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Angiotensin II OA) OB) C) OD) OE) OF) G) H) T T - - ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ - ↑ T ↑ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↓ ↑
An inadequate (low) dietary intake of NaCl will cause A) increased angiotensin II production
What effect does atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) haveon extracellular fluid volume?
5. During an in vitro experiment studying aldosterone secretion, an isolated adrenal gland is perfused with various concentrations of potassium and angiotensin II Which of the following combinations of potassium and angiotensin II will cause the greatest increase in aldosterone secretion? Angiotensin II Potassium Increased Increased Increased Normal Normal Normal Decreased Decreased OA) OB) OC) D) DE) QF) G) H) ) Decreased increased unchanged decreased increased unchanged decreased increased unchanged decreased
Renal Physiology (humans) a) When blood pressure declines, granular cells produce renin, an enzyme that enters the circulatory system and cleaves angiotensinogen. b) Aldosterone acts on cells of the collecting duct to cause both sodium reabsorption into blood and potassium secretion into urine. c) The production of excess aldosterone by an adrenal tumor would indirectly lead to the hyperpolarization of excitable cardiac cells. d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correct
50. During an in vitro experiment studying aldosterone secretion, an isolated adrenal gland is perfused with various concentrations of potassium and angiotensin II. Which of the following combinations of potassium and angiotensin II will cause the greatest increase in aldosterone secretion? Angiotensin II A) B) C) D) E) F) G) 1) Potassium Increased Increased Increased Normal Normal Normal Decreased Decreased Decreased increased unchanged decreased increased unchanged decreased increased unchanged decreased
23. If a healthy person is given an infusion of hypertonic saline (3% NaCl), which of the following findings in plasma is most likely? OA) Plasma [ADH(vasopressin)] pg/mL 10 B) 5-E 0- DK 300 C 280 290 Plasma osmolality (mOsmol/L) O Control before infusion C) B 310 D) OE)

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