1.Describe what your strategy is and draw the payoff graph (Hint: think of a strategy we learned in class). 2.Calculate your returns when TSLA price rises to (i) $350 (ii) $230; 3. What are the break-even prices of this strategy?
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Risk and return
Before understanding the concept of Risk and Return in Financial Management, understanding the two-concept Risk and return individually is necessary.
Capital Asset Pricing Model
Capital asset pricing model, also known as CAPM, shows the relationship between the expected return of the investment and the market at risk. This concept is basically used particularly in the case of stocks or shares. It is also used across finance for pricing assets that have higher risk identity and for evaluating the expected returns for the assets given the risk of those assets and also the cost of capital.
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- Sandusky Machine Services is a Dutch multinational manufacturing company whose financial team is considering signing a 1 year project in the USA. The project's expected dollar-denominated cash flows consist of an initial investment of $2000 and a cash inflow the following year of $2400. Sandusky estimates that its risk adjusted cost of capital is 10%. Currently, $1 will buy 0.96 Swiss franc. Additionally, 1 year risk-free securities in the USA are yielding 3%, while similar securities in Switzerland are yielding 1.50%. (a). If this project was instead undertaken by a similar U.S based company with the same risk-adjusted cost capital, what would be the net present value and rate of return generated by this project? (b). What is the expected forward exchange rate 1 year from now? (c). If Sandusky undertakes the project, what is the net present value and rate of return of the project for Sandusky? Note*** Please show all formulas, explanations and workings. Thank you.On the London Metals Exchange, the price for copper to be delivered in one year is $5,740 a ton. (Note: Payment is made when the copper is delivered.) The risk-free interest rate is 2.00% and the expected market return is 10%. a. Suppose that you expect to produce and sell 12,100 tons of copper next year. What is the PV of this output? Assume that the sale occurs at the end of the year. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places.) b-1. If copper has a beta of 1.26, what is the expected price of copper at the end of the year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) b-2. Assume copper has a beta of 1.26. What is the certainty-equivalent end-of-year price?Sandusky Machine Services is a Dutch multinational manufacturing company whose financial team is considering signing a 1 year project in the USA. The project's expected dollar-denominated cash flows consist of an initial investment of $2000 and a cash inflow the following year of $2400. Sandusky estimates that its risk adjusted cost of capital is 10%. Currently, $1 will buy 0.96 Swiss franc. Additionally, 1 year risk-free securities in the USA are yielding 3%, while similar securities in Switzerland are yielding 1.50%. (a). If this project was instead undertaken by a similar U.S based company with the same risk-adjusted cost capital, what would be the net present value and rate of return generated by this project? (b). What is the expected forward exchange rate 1 year from now? (c). If Sandusky undertakes the project, what is the net present value and rate of return of the project for Sandusky? Note*** Please show all formulas, explanations and workings in Excel. Thank you.
- On the London Metals Exchange, the price for copper to be delivered in one year is $5,500 a ton. (Note: Payment is made when the copper is delivered.) The risk-free interest rate is 2% and the expected market return is 8%. a. Suppose that you expect to produce and sell 10,000 tons of copper next year. What is the PV of this output? Assume that the sale occurs at the end of the year. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places. b-1. If copper has a beta of 1.2, what is the expected price of copper at the end of the year? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. b-2. Assume copper has a beta of 1.2. What is the certainty-equivalent end-of-year price? X Answer is complete but not entirely correct. 53.92 million per ton a. Present value b-1. Expected price b-2. Certainty-equivalent price $ $ IS 6,383.38 5,937 per tonConsider a producer who is in the business of producing Cocoa for future sale. At the time of 0 (i.e., present time), we have S(O) = $1652, F(0) = $1675. The firm is expecting to sell the Cocoa in 2 months, while the delivery date of the futures contract is 3 months away. Assume that the price of Cocoa in two months is unpredictable, but we know that the future price in two months will be $8 higher than the spot price of Cocoa in two months (i.e., F(t) = S(t) + $8). Question 18. Without hedging, what is the firm's net profit at date t (i.e., in two months)? A) $23 B) $8 C) $31 D) $15Red-Star Co. wants to sell an electrical generator for AED 165,000 in 2024. The price of this generator in the market today is AED 94,000 (according to GE company who is the producer of this generator). If the discount rate on this generator is 9.5 percent per year. Do you think the firm will make a profit if they sell this generator? What is the rate that will make the firm breakeven?
- A small, US-based manufacturing firm is interested developing a new product to that would be produced andsold starting in 2022. Based on a preliminary market analysis, a demand forecast for the product (i.e., aprediction of the number of units sold each year) anticipates that 72,000 units can be sold the first year at aprice of $99.95 per unit. However, after that, sales are expected to decline each year according to a 95%learning curve.The required manufacturing process can produce 12 units of product per hour, up to a maximum of 72,000units per year. It would cost $4,000,000 to purchase and install the necessary manufacturing equipment,which would have a 10-year useful life. The equipment is expected to have little, if any, salvage value at theend of its useful life. While the equipment belongs to the 7-year MACRS property class, the firm willdepreciate the equipment using the most advantageous method allowed by US tax law.The manufacturing process requires the labor of a team of…Red-Star Co. wants to sell an electrical generator for AED 165,000 in 2024. The price of this generator in the market today is AED 94,000 (according to GE company who is the producer of this generator). If the discount rate on this generator is 9.5 percent per year. Do you think the firm will make a profit if they sell this generator? What is the rate that will make the firm breakeven? Note: Profit = Revenue -costBak Assume that Richelle Corp imported goods from New York and needs 145,000 New York dollars 180 days from now. It is trying to determine whether to hedge its position. Richelle has developed the following probability distribution for the New York dollar Possible dollar value in 180 days HAE $.45 $0.40 $0.43 $0.51 $067 $0.81 $16.095 and 75% $4653 and 4.5% $3,789 and -89% Probability $3.356 and 35% 5% 10% 30% The 180-day forward rate of New York dollar is $0.63, and the spot rate is $0.59. Determine the expected additional cost of hedging. What is the probability that hedging will be more costly to the firm that not hedging? 30% 20% 5%
- Suppose that the date is 1 January 2022, and you are considering making an investment in General Electric (NYSE: GE). You are given the following information and assumptions to assist you with your valuation analysis: FY2022 revenue (i.e., for the 12-month period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022) is forecast to be $80 billion, compared to actual FY2021 revenue of $75 billion. EBIT, depreciation & amortization (D&A) and capital expenditure dedicated solely for new investments/projects (i.e., growth capital expenditure) is expected to remain fixed (as a percentage of total revenues) at 15%, 5% and 3% respectively. The level of operating working capital needed for GE’s ordinary business operations historically as well as in the future is equal to 1% of total revenues. GE currently has $75 billion in debt outstanding, $40 billion in cash on hand and 9 billion shares outstanding. Assume that GE faces an effective corporate tax rate of 25%. Assume that GE’s long-term…Kansas Corporation, an American company, has a payment of €5.9 million due to Tuscany Corporation one year from today. At the prevailing spot rate of 0.90 €/$, this would cost Kansas $ 6,555,556, but Kansas faces the risk that the €/S rate will fall in the coming year, so that it will end up paying a higher amount in dollar terms. To hedge this risk, Kansas has two possible strategies. Strategy 1 is to buy €5.9 million forward today at a one-year forward rate of 0.89 €/$. Strategy 2 is to pay a premium of $109,000 for a one-year call option on €5.9 million at an exchange rate of 0.88 €/$. Suppose that in one year the spot exchange rate is 0.85 €/$. What would be Kansas's net dollar cost for the payable under each strategy? Note: Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount. Suppose that in one year the spot exchange rate is 0.95 €/$. What would be Kansas's net dollar cost for the payable under each strategy? Note: Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount.Slowistan is a very small country whose currency is the US dollar. On Jan 1 2021 the price of a stock S was quoted for sale on the Slowistan stock market at $37. Slowistan’s stock market settlement convention is T + 3 months. Suppose all interest rates are 5% per month, no matter how many days in the month, to be compounded for longer periods. How would they quote the stock price if Slowistan suddenly changes its settlement convention to T+ 2 months? Assume the year consists of 12 months each 30 days long.