1. Using molecular orbital theory determine which diatomic ion is more stable: superoxide O2 or peroxide O2. a) Draw the molecular orbital energy diagram for both molecules (valence electrons only). b) Determine the bond order for each ion and which has the greatest stability. c) Determine the magnetism of both ions and which ion will be affected by a magnetic field?

1. Using molecular orbital theory determine which diatomic ion is more stable: superoxide O2 or peroxide O2. a) Draw the molecular orbital energy diagram for both molecules (valence electrons only). b) Determine the bond order for each ion and which has the greatest stability. c) Determine the magnetism of both ions and which ion will be affected by a magnetic field?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter9: Covalent Bonding: Orbitals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12Q: In the molecular orbital mode l, compare and contrast bonds with bonds. What orbitals form the ...

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In the molecular orbital mode l, compare and contrast bonds with bonds. What orbitals form the bonds and what orbitals form the bonds? Assume the z-axis is the internuclear axis.
a) Draw the molecular orbital diagram of the given compounds, predict the bond order, and une comment on whether the molecule can exist or not. F₂ Be₂ b) Is CN¯diamagnetic or paramagnetic? c) Would you expect the bond in CN to be stronger or weaker than in the F₂ molecule? why? CN "
1. a) The molecules SiF4, SF4 and XeF4 have molecular of the type AF4, but the molecules have different molecular geometries. Predict the shape of each molecules and explain why the shapes differ. b) Compare the differences between molecular orbital diagram of Be2 and BN in terms of bond order, magnetic properties (diamagnetic or paramagnetic), level of atomic orbital and stability of the compound.
I have a question regarding hybrid vs atomic orbitals: 1) What would be the hybridizations of C and O in the molecule H2CO? It asks to draw an electron orbital diagram (with arrows) of all the electrons in C before and after hybridization. 2) Draw a diagram of the H2CO molecule showing the overlap of orbitals between the C and O atoms that make up the sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds. Which orbitals make up the σ bond? Which ones form the π bond?
Consider the molecular orbital diagram below when answering the following questions. Make sure to answer all 3 questions. a) What is the bond order for this species? b) Is this species paramagnetic or diamagnetic? c) Which neutral diatomic molecule does this MO diagram represent? 2p 2p 12p O2p 2s 2s
Using the following atomic orbital pictures and radial probability distribution plots: a) Identify atomic orbital #1. Indicate the number of radial and angular nodes. b) Identify atomic orbital #2. Indicate the number of radial and angular nodes. c) What type of molecular orbital (o, T, or no interaction) will be formed when these orbitals approach each other along the x axis? Describe the orbital overlap if applicable. Assume that the atomic orbitals are at appropriate energy levels to mix Atomic Orbital #1 PR 007 0.06 05 004 03 0.02 0.01 10 20 30 r (ao) Atomic Orbital #2 R 012 0.06 04 02 10 15 20 25 r (ao) JSmol
7)How many molecules from the list below are polar?
2) The organic compound allene (or propadiene) has the formula CH2CCH2. a) First draw the Lewis Dot Structure for this molecule. b) Explain why the allene molecule is not flat. That is, explain why the CH2 groups at opposite ends do not lie in the same plane. c) What is the hybridization of each of the carbon atoms in allene? d) What orbitals overlap to form the bonds between the carbon atoms in allene?
12) Give the shape that describes the hybrid orbital set sp: A) linear B) trigonal bipyramidal C) trigonal planar
Use valence bond theory to explain the bonding in F2, HF, and ClBr. (a) F2 This molecule is symmetrical. The single bond present in this molecule is derived from the overlap of two (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3d, 3p, 4s, 4d, 4p) orbitals contributed by each of the F atoms. (b) HF This molecule is asymmetrical. The single bond present in this molecule is derived from the overlap of one (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3d, 3p, 4s, 4d, 4p) orbital contributed by the H atom and one (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3d, 3p, 4s, 4d, 4p) orbital contributed by the F atom. (c) ClBr This molecule is also asymmetrical. The single bond present in this molecule is derived from the overlap of one (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3d, 3p, 4s, 4d, 4p) orbital contributed by the Cl atom and one (1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3d, 3p, 4s, 4d, 4p) orbital contributed by the Br atom. Sketch the overlap of the atomic orbitals involved in the bonds.
2) a) Consider the following molecule . Given what you have learned about hybridization theory, draw an image or images explaining the bonding situation in this molecule. I want you to draw out all of the orbitals, hybrid orbitals and how they overlap to form the bonds in the molecule. Indicate the % s or p character in the given atomic and hybrid orbitals. Which C-C bond or bonds are the longest? In a paragraph or so explain the image or images you just drew. b) Lastly, consider the molecule below. Indicate the Molecular formula, the molar mass, label the hybridization of each atom except for hydrogen, indicate any chiral centers with a *, which bond or bonds are the shortest, identify by name of each functional group with an arrow pointing to the group.
Consider a molecule AB, where element A has 6 valence electrons and B has 7 valence electrons. If the AEn for each bond = 1.2, predict the shape, bond hybridization and polarity (polar or non-polar) of the molecule. Your answer should follow the format: a) number of total electrons for bonding; b) Steric Number and Lone Pairs; c) name of shape based on the VSEPR chart, d) bond hybridization and e) molecular polarity.