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Population Growth
R and K Selection
R and K selection are concepts in ecology used to describe traits in the fluctuation of a population or population dynamics. For example, they describe the life-association traits between parent and offspring, such as quantity or number of young ones born at a time, quality of parental care, the age to maturity, and reproductive effort.
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- Do all dioecious species have a homogametic and a heterogametic sex? 1. Yes, because dioecious means that two types of gametes are produced, even in hermaphroditic species. 2. Yes, because all sex-determining systems include heterogametic and homogametic sexes. 3. Yes, because in dioecious organisms, either the XX-XY or the ZZ-ZW system determines sex. XY and ZW individuals are heterogametic. XX and ZZ individuals are homogametic. 4. No, because hermaphrodites and species that reproduce asexually are dioecious. 5. No, because dioecious means that the sexes are separate, regardless of how sex is determined. In some dioecious species, sex is determined by a single gene.Among the following patterns, which is likely to represent the phenomenon of senescence? Please note that the x-axis represents the age and the y-axis the number of offspring (the solid lines) or the probability of survival (the dashed lines). (A) (B) (C) (D) O A B None of the aboveIn C. elegans there are two sexes: hermaphrodite and male. Sex is determined by the ratio of X chromosomes to haploid sets of autosomes (X/A). An X/A ratio of 1.0 produces a hermaphrodite (XX), and an X/A ratio of 0.5 results in a male (XO). In the 1970s, Jonathan Hodgkin and Sydney Brenner carried out genetic screens to identify mutations in three genes that result in either XX males (tra-1, tra-2) or XO hermaphrodites (her-1). Double-mutant strains were constructed to assess for epistatic interactions between the genes (see table). Propose a genetic model of how the her and tra genes control sex determination.
- "An egg cell and a sperm cell will unite and undergo fertilization to form a diploid zygote. Right after becoming a zygote, it will immediately undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores. The multicellular adult form is also a haploid that will produce the egg and sperm." - This process is also known as a: Select the correct response(s): Haplodiplontic life cycle Isogamy Haplontic life cycle OogamyIdentify whether the following statements describe Asexual or Sexual Reproduction. Answer it all. 1. Requires only one parent and creates offspring genetically identical to parent 2. Needs two parents and creates offspring genetically unique from parents 3. Leads to more genetic diversity 4. Has a little chance of genetic variation 5. Commonly happens to more complex organisms such as plants and animals 6. Commonly occurs to less developed organisms such as bacteria and fungi 7. Does not require finding a mate and formation of gametes 8. Requires finding a mate and formation of gametes 9. Typically happens in faster time period 10. Usually occurs in slower time period1)Events in sexual reproduction after the formation of zygote are calleda)post fertilisation eventsb)pre fertilisation eventsc)megasporogenesis
- The most notable differences between gamete formation in most animals and gamete formation in plants is that ______________. a) plants produce gametes in somatic tissue, whereas animals produce gametes in germ tissue b) plants produce gametes by mitosis, whereas animals produce gametes by meiosis c) plants produce only one of each gamete, but animals produce many gametes d) plants produce gametes that are diploid, but animals produce gametes that are haploidWhat taxa employs each of these modes of reproduction: 1. Recombinational 2. Primordial 3. Typical 4. Conservative 5. Costly 6. Degenerate 7. Selfing by hermaphrodites 8. Parthenogenesis 9. Non-Recombinational 10. Primitive 11. Derived 12. Vegetative 13. Amictogametic 14. Heterogonic Life Cycles/ Cyclical ParthenogenesisDefine the following terms related to sexual production: a.) Autosome b.) Sex chromosome c.) Gamete D.) Somatic cell E.) Homologous chromosomes F.) Homologous pairs G.) Gene H.) Allele I.) Diploid J.) Haploid