.(a) What important policy debates provide the background for Malthus’ work? (b) Explain Malthus’ population theory. What policy implications did Malthus draw from this analysis?
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5.(a) What important policy debates provide the background for Malthus’ work?
(b) Explain Malthus’ population theory. What policy implications did Malthus draw from this analysis?
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- 2. Which of the following statements is the best articulation of Malthusian dynamics?(A) “Technology will endeavour to make us increasingly less reliant upon fixed resources, since said resources can be stretched out in an exponential manner.”(B) “It is not possible that we can sustain ourselves indefinitely with fixed resources.”(C) “Since population grows exponentially, and farmland only grows linearly, human beings are cursed, in the long-term, to live in subsistence.”(D) “The wealthiest nations have the lowest population growth levels, but have also destroyed their environment with careless pollution that impedes on their ability to cultivate food.”1) "The world in which we live is complex and to understand it, human beings make use of some or other simplification process. A theory can accordingly be seen as an attempt to simplify things Such an observation may come as a surprise to those who have often heard remarks to the effect that such and such a theory is difficult, or at the least terribly complicated. We should nevertheless remind ourselves that a theory involves an attempt to simplify things-it is the world out there that is the complicated entity. A particular theory (or model) is merely trying to reduce it to manageable proportions, at least as far as understanding our environment is concerned." In economics, the theory is presented in a simple form by making the.…... a) Post hoc assumption b) Fallacy of composition C) Ceteris paribus assumption d) Blinkered approach 2) "If education is provided free of charge to (some or all) students, someone else has to foot the bill. In most cases, this would be the government and…Q8. International data shows a positive correlation between income per person and the health of the population. a. Explain how higher income might cause better health outcomes. b. Explain how better health outcomes might cause higher income. c. How might the relative importance of your hypotheses be relevant for public policy? Group 8, 9, 10 & 11
- 3. Use an appropriate diagram, with exponential growth of population and linear growth of food, to demonstrate the Malthusian theory in each of the following scenarios. In particular, assume a Malthusian world, and explain the effect on per-capita wealth over time. In your diagram, ‘Time’ should be on the horizontal axis and ‘Quantity’ should be on the vertical axis. Explain your reasoning in each case. (a) Solid public hygiene policies are adopted, and people’s cultural values shift towards more cleanliness.(b) A genocide destroys 25 percent of the population.5. What are the key assumptions required for instrumental variables to be a valid technique for addressing endogeneity?.10. Normative and positive statements The following table contains statements that provide some analysis of policies that address breast cancer. Categorize each of these statements as either positive or normative. Statement Breast cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death. For women aged 60 to 69, breast cancer screening significantly reduces breast cancer mortality. Doctors should encourage women aged 60 to 69 to be screened for breast cancer. The government should force doctors to encourage women aged 60 to 69 to be screened for breast cancer. Positive O O O Normative O O O
- 8. Under a Malthusian paradigm, why do wars, pandemics, and famines cause a temporary increase in per-capita wealth?(A) The corporations associated with weapons, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture profit, thus increasing economic growth.(B) The available resources are shared between fewer individuals, since many have died.(C) The available resources increase in price, since demand rises.(D) Per-capita wealth never rises under a Malthusian paradigm.8. Under a Malthusian paradigm, why do wars, pandemics, and famines cause a temporary increase in per-capita wealth?(A) The corporations associated with weapons, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture profit,thus increasing economic growth.(B) The available resources are shared between fewer individuals, since many havedied.(C) The available resources increase in price, since demand rises.(D) Per-capita wealth never rises under a Malthusian paradigm.14. Consider the following figure. Describe and explain what this figure presents and the economic forces that this figure summarises. Please keep your answer short and to the point. Unnecessarily long answers that include irrelevant information will be penalised.
- 6) Explain how marginal analysis can be used to determine the "correct" amount of time to spend studying for an exam. Make sure to explain the role of rising marginal costs and declining marginal benefits in your decision. Why might the "correct" amount of time to study for an exam be different for different students?1. True/False Questions (a) The Specific Factors Model is a short-run model because all production factors are allowed to be adjusted. (b) The PPF is curved for both the Specific Factors Model and Heckscher-Ohlin Model since more than one production factor is being used. (c) Suppose the US is a more capital-abundant economy than China. We would expect the trade war to be harmful to capital owners. (d) In the Specific Factors Model, if the minimum wage is set below the market equilibrium wage, there still will be unemployment generated by this minimum wage policy. (e) The relative price is the only changed condition after the market integration.(b) Use a model of endogenous growth to explain how encouraging more private investment in education would lead to increased growth rates. Assuming that private agents place less value on future consumption than current consumption, would ever higher growth rates be desirable? (c) Outline the setup of (but do not attempt to solve) an endogenous growth model that incorporates both leisure and consumption in the utility function.