. For parts (a) and (b) of this problem use the following standard reduction potentials, free energies, and nonequilibrium concentra- tions of reactants and products: АТР - 3.10 mм P; = 5.90 mM ADP = 220 µM glucose = 5.10 mM pyruvate = 62.0 uM NAD+ = 350 µM NADH = 15.0 μΜ CO, = 15.0 torr half reaction E (V) NAD+ + H+ + 2e→ NADH -0.315 2Pyruvate + 6H* + 4e → glucose -0.590 pyruvate + NADH + 2H+ AG" = -64.4 k)/mol → ethanol + NAD+ + CO, ATP + H,0→ ADP + P; + H* AG" - 30.5 kl/mol (a) Consider the last two steps in the alcoholic fermentation of glu- cose by brewer's yeast: pyruvate + NADH + 2H* » ethanol + NAD* + CO, Calculate the nonequilibrium concentration of ethanol in yeast cells, if AG = -38.3 kJ/mol for this reaction at pH=7.4 and 37 °C when the reactants and products are at the concentrations given above. (b) Consider the degradation of glucose to pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway: glucose + 2ADP + 2P; + 2NAD+ →2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2H,0 + 2NADH + 2H* Calculate AG for this reaction at pH =7.4 and 37 °C.
. For parts (a) and (b) of this problem use the following standard reduction potentials, free energies, and nonequilibrium concentra- tions of reactants and products: АТР - 3.10 mм P; = 5.90 mM ADP = 220 µM glucose = 5.10 mM pyruvate = 62.0 uM NAD+ = 350 µM NADH = 15.0 μΜ CO, = 15.0 torr half reaction E (V) NAD+ + H+ + 2e→ NADH -0.315 2Pyruvate + 6H* + 4e → glucose -0.590 pyruvate + NADH + 2H+ AG" = -64.4 k)/mol → ethanol + NAD+ + CO, ATP + H,0→ ADP + P; + H* AG" - 30.5 kl/mol (a) Consider the last two steps in the alcoholic fermentation of glu- cose by brewer's yeast: pyruvate + NADH + 2H* » ethanol + NAD* + CO, Calculate the nonequilibrium concentration of ethanol in yeast cells, if AG = -38.3 kJ/mol for this reaction at pH=7.4 and 37 °C when the reactants and products are at the concentrations given above. (b) Consider the degradation of glucose to pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway: glucose + 2ADP + 2P; + 2NAD+ →2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2H,0 + 2NADH + 2H* Calculate AG for this reaction at pH =7.4 and 37 °C.
Biochemistry
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ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
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