. Acid-base equilibria. Benzoic acid, C;H5O2 (or C6H5CO2H) ionizes in water as follows: CH$CO2H H20 CH$CO2 + H3O* An 0.0100 M solution of benzoic acid (in water) has a pH of 3.09 (at 25 °C). Use an ICE table (show your work) and calculate the K, for benzoic acid.
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- Propanoic acid, CH₂CH₂COOH, is a weak monoprotic acid that is used to inhibit mould formation in bread. A student prepared a 0.10 mol/L solution of propanoic acid and found that the pH was 2.96. What is the acid dissociation constant for propanoic acid? [Hint: Setup an I.C.E. table] CH3CH₂COOH (aq) Ka for propanoic acid is: ←CH3CH₂COO (aq) + H (aq)Disulfides are compounds that have S¬ S bonds, like peroxides have O¬ O bonds. Thiols are organic compounds that have the general formula R¬ SH, where R is a generic hydrocarbon. The SH- ion is the sulfur counterpart of hydroxide, OH-. Two thiols can react to make a disulfide, R¬ S¬ S¬ R. If you wanted to convert a disulfide to two thiols, should you add a reducing agent or oxidizing agent to the solution?GW 17 1. A 0.36 M hydrocyanic acid (HCN) solution has a pH of 4.87. Give: (a) the balanced equation for the ionization of hydrocyanic acid; (b) K, of HCN; (c) % ionization of HCN. a. b. 114 с.
- When the reversible reaction HC2H;O2 (aq) E> H(aq) + C2H3O2 (aq) is at equilibrium at room temperature, pH of the reaction mixture is 5. What will be the change in pH when you add a large amount of NaOH (aq) to the reaction mixture? a) pH will not change because NaOH is not a part of the reaction equation. b) pH will not change because acetic acid and NaOH form a buffer. c) pH will increase because NaOH will completely neutralize acetic acid. d) pH will decrease because NaOH will completely neutralize acetic acid. In the reversible reaction A (aq) + B(aq) E > C(aq), reactant A is very expensive. What are two ways to get it to react as fully as possible to form as much C as possible? a) remove C as it forms, and use an excess of A b) add another reactant that will form a precipitate with B c) remove C as it forms, and use an excess of B d) add another reactant that will form a precipitate with A11.An acid-base equilibrium system is created by dissolving 0.20mol CH3COOH in water and diluting the resulting solution to a volume of 1.0 L. What is the effect of adding 0.020 mol CH3COO (aq) to this solution? How will pH change (calculate pH before and after the addition. Ka of CH3COOH is 1.76 x10-5)? How will concentrations of CH3COOH and CH3COO at equilibrium change?Formic acid (HCOOH) is a monoprotic acid with acid dissociation reaction HCOOH(ag) + H2O) = HCO0Ta9) + H3Ofaq)- The pH of a 1.20 x 10-3 M formic acid solution is found to be 3.41. Calculate K, and pK, for formic acid.
- 9. We prepared a solution containing 1.0 mol.L' HF and 1.0 mol.L·' C,H3OH. The K, of hydrofluoric acid and phenol are 7.2 x 104 and 1.6 x 10-10 respectively. What is the pH of this solution? (Hint: find which acid is strongest and make the appropriate assumptions) b. What is the concentration of C,H;O¯ at equilibrium? а.Pyridine is a weak organic base, and readily forms a salt with hydrochloric acid. C,Н,N(aq) + HCI(aq) 2 С,H;NH* (aq) + CI (aq) What is the pH of a 0.062 M solution of pyridinium hydrochloride, [C;H;NH]+ CI, if Kp for pyridine is 1.5 x 10-9? pH =Final Volume V₂ = 341 mL al Volume V₁ =? 10. What is the molecular geometry and molecular polarity for CH₂Cl, and SO, ²? 11. What do catalysts do and how do they affect reaction rates? 12. 2 Atoms are side by side. Their chemical reactivity is dependent on the electrons which hold serve fe 13. Identify the acid, base, conj. Acid, conj. Base: H₂CO, + HPO4 H₂PO4 + HCO, 14. True or False? Chemistry looks at the microscopic view of matter. 15. Identify the 4 biological buffer mechanisms 16. Calculate the density of silver metal if 930 cm³ block has a mass of 2.21 x 104 g. Express the answer with the correct number of significant figures. 17. Kinetic molecular theory describes the behavior of which state of matter? 18. The pH scale operates on a logarithm scale which means an increase or decrease fold in the of pH is by 10s. So, a change in pH from 5 to 3 is a hydrogen ion concentration. And in other words, a pH of 3 has and less OH- than a pH of 5 19. A precipitate occurs in the reaction…
- In the laboratory, a general chemistry student measured the pH of a 0.386 M aqueous solution of ethylamine, C,H&NH, to be 12.094. Use the information she obtained to determine the K, for this base. K(experiment)- In the laboratory, a general chemistry student measured the pH of a 0.587 M aqueous solution of trimethylamine, (CH,),N to be 11.768. Use the information she obtained to determine the K, for this base. K,(experiment) =5. Acetic acid was dissolved in water to a concentration of 0.10 mol.L-!. The pKa of acetic acid is 4.8. а. What are the chemical species in solution at equilibrium? b. What is the pH of the solution at equilibrium? What are the concentrations of each reactant and product (except water) at equilibrium? с.GW 18b 1. A 20.0 mL sample of a 0.240 M hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution is titrated with 0.200 M NaOH. Determine: (a) pH of the acid solution before any base is added; (b) volume (in mL) of base needed to get to the equivalence point; (c) pH halfway to equivalence point; (d) pH at equivalence point; (e) pH when 0.100 mL NaOH is added beyond the equivalence point. (K₂ of HF = 7.1 × 104)