Working Through Ambiguity

This sometimes leads to conflicts and collaboration problems. Tuckman and Belbin’s theories helped me identify potential strengths and weaknesses within the group, overcome conflict between group members and understand and appreciate every members’ contribution in the group. Tuckman and Belbin advocated in their theories that several problems or obstacles can ruin the successful completion of a task. However, in the group task, we encountered several problems in the aspect of making contacts within group members, differences in ideas, and opinions of group members on the case study, group members not working collaboratively with other group members as well as the delivery tasks given to each members timely. However, as a group, we were able to overcome these obstacles by using diplomacy in certain areas of the group discussion, identifying each other’s potential strengths and weaknesses so that the group task can be completed successfully. In areas where a group member fails in a given task, other group members were there to provide knowledge and skills to cover up its

Therapists must also be aware that members of the group may abuse other members in the group; avoidance of this behavior may be avoided with proper guidelines in place and disclosure at the start of the group process for each member. A close relationship can be built between all group members as well as the therapist, Forsyth (2011) refers to this relationship as group cohesion. Tenbrunsel (2006) mentions social cohesion, as enabling unethical and selfish actions, instead of a positive feature of group life.

Throughout the readings communication was identified as a vital component for establishing and maintaining relationships. Porter-O Grady sanctioned for leaders to establish firm rules of engagement to help support a positive group dynamic (2013). While Kelly & Tazbir explained that friction and conflict were a normal part of group development and were representative of the Storming stage of group process (2014). Moreover, they explained that with assistance from the team leader the team can overcome these obstacles, strengthen inter-professional relationships, and enter into the Norming stage (Kelly & Tazbir, 2014). Here the team is able to participate in the effective exchange of communication and begin making progress toward goals. This represents progression into the Performing stage of group process (Kelly & Tazbir, 2014). When the team has met its intended target they are ready to anylze the outcomes of their work and enter the final stage of group process—Adjourning (Kelly & Tazbir,

Barker, L. L., Kathy,J., Wahler, K. W., Watson, R and Kibler, J ( 1987) Groups in Process: Introduction to Small Group Communication, 3rd edition. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N J

Throughout the module I was part of group including eight other health professions including student midwives, mental health nurses, physiotherapist’s, radiologists and paediatric nurses. According to Tuckman and Jensen (1977) there are five stages of group development; forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. I was a little anxious about meeting the group and during the forming stage was apprehensive about trusting individuals within the group; maybe because of the lack of a clear

In general, therapeutic factors are difficult to distinguish in the group process. During the different stages of group development, some factors will be more valuables than others, and at times many therapeutic factors come into play at once. Yalom had the therapeutic factors rankled by a specific level of importance. The factors include interpersonal input, catharsis, cohesiveness, self-understanding, interpersonal output, existential factors, universality, instillation of hope, altruism, family reenactment, guidance, and identification or imitative behavior.

Clients and therapists now have the options between individual and group counseling as methods to help to work through life changes and cope with issues in relationships, addictions, feelings, grief, stress and many others. One method is not better than the other since each person’s circumstance and expectation of therapy is different. Jacobs et al. highlights how a combination of both methods is also beneficial (2012). An effective leader determines if the client will not only benefit from group counseling, but assess the ability to participate in group counseling based upon their personal, mental and emotional state. In addition to having a keen awareness of the individual, the group, protection of each group member and ethical standards, the leader must be aware of their personal issues, boundaries and role as a leader when group therapy is incorporated. Jacobs et al. states “most members expect and want a leader to lead” (2012), so being aware of all aspects and resolving personal issues related to counseling topics improves the dynamic in both methods oppose to hindering it.

Given the statute is ambiguous, the court should have deferred to the IRS and left the decision in the agency’s hands on an ongoing basis because this agency deference approach: (1) provides the best resolution between textualist and purposivist ways of interpretation; (2) is the optimal choice from a cost-benefit standpoint because it is less costly to let agencies interpret statutes than both Courts and Congress; (3) best reflects the overarching principle of separation of powers; (4) ; (5) will not lead to the abuse of discretion due to the existence of ongoing checks including “hard look” review and reliance interest restriction.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of ambiguity being a critical thinker. Defining what ambiguity is from the textbook “Asking the Right Questions” Eleventh Edition by M. Neil Browne and Stuart M. Keeley. I will be identifying three words or phrases that are ambiguous. From the letter regarding “DACA” by Conrado “Bobby” Gempesaw, Ph. D. President, St. Johns University. Written on Wednesday, September 6, 2017. I will offer a range of possible meanings for them. I will also then hone it on what the interpretation I think is intended. Next, I will contrast the use of ambiguity with other phrases or sentences that are very specific. In conclusion, I will explain why I think the writer is specific in some places and ambiguous in others

The group interactions between those new in the group and those who were in later stages of the program were interesting to note. The interaction was almost that of an educational one between the two and members from later stages effectively encouraged those new to the group or those who failed, one which was on the first stage. A balanced dynamic and showed the positive aspects of an open group format. Individuals from varying stages interact in the group setting providing an environment that shows progression through struggles. Also, this assists in clients who believe their situations are unique and thus feeling alone the ability to connect with another member who had similar structures but are now on step eleven, these similarities provide

Group counseling is facilitated by a therapist or counselor, accommodating 5 to 15 clients, each attempting to achieve specific goals. Corey (et al., 2010) tells us that counselors facilitate group movement through the use of different technique to engage group participants. Counselors create a safe, judgement free place for participants to interact with each other and the counselor. Members and the counselor provide others in the group support and guidance during discussions. Though opening up in front of strangers may feel intimidating at first, it allows the creation of the support network as well as a sounding board for members to express their thought and feelings (Johnson, 2016).

In the video Toni stated she could not trust people in the group(Corey, & Corey, & Haynes, 2014). Normally, the lack of trust generally comes from the lack of cohesion. However the group leader was able to link her mistrust to her personal life. Unfortunately, as a new group leader Toni’s lack of trust could be an ongoing problems within the group. Confrontation is a therapeutic technique which is an act of facing or being made to face one’s own attitudes and shortcomings as perceived by group members in the group process(Der Pan, & et al., 2012). However if the group leader models this technique, members can learn to confront in a way that will assist other group members. As a therapist we also have to recognize when confrontation can be

Tosland and Rivas (2012) cover numerous group therapy theories that have been developed including, but not limited to: systems therapy, psychodynamic therapy, field theory, learning theory, and social exchange theory. The Systems Therapy is aimed at exploring the roles of each member in relation to effective functioning and how it applies within communities, families, or organizations. The Systems Theory targets certain patterns of behavior and the corresponding response of each member towards anxiety within the dynamic. Consequently, group members work towards healthier and secure relationships so that their interactions can improve to a higher level of functioning. Systems Theory can help resolve issues by aligning individuals to positive behavioral patterns and connection within their supports. Communication is a vital tool in this therapy since it facilitates a comprehensive identification and advancement of strengths, knowledge, and support.

The most significant thing this writer has learned about group counseling in this course is that the process is the groups’. When the process is the groups’, as sessions progress, the facilitator will not need to be as involved, as the group members will carry the group. This knowledge is something this writer was aware of, but did not fully understand and this writer now feels that she has a good understanding of this.

The textbook connects to what we learned in class in many ways. One way that the text connects to what we learned in class is when we discussed active listening. In class we discussed the importance of active listening such as active listening can increase the listener’s understanding of the other person. We can also help the speaker clarify his or her thought. Moreover, we can reassure the others that some are willing to listen to his or her point of view. Whereas in the textbook, it discusses a similar concept, however it mainly focuses on how the leader should actively listen. Such that the leaders need to have extremely excellent active listening skills in order to sustain the group in order and to maintain a successful group. The text also states the leader has to be able to activity listen to every member within the group not just a specific member. Furthermore, the textbook also says that the leader has to be aware of member’s feelings and notice the different gestures or facial expressions that group members may be made. Another way the textbook connects to what we learned in class is when we discussed in class how if we don’t understand something we should say that we are lost or “sorry I didn’t get that instead of lying. This relates to the textbook where it mentions that during counseling, we should be able to reflect or restate a comment that some said. This will help members know that you understand their content and how they are feeling. It will also