Type 2 Diabetes Research Paper

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disorder, in which beta cells in the Islets of Langerhans are destroyed resulting in insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. “The exact cause of why these normal cells are attacked by the immune system is a combination of genetic predisposition and certain viral infections such as the mumps and coxosackievirus which appear to trigger the destruction of pancreatic beta cells.” (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013, p 1416) When these cells do not work properly, the body can no longer produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that allows the body to use glucose that is found in foods for

The disease type one diabetes happens when the human immune system destroys the beta cells that are in our pancreas. The beta cells are responsible for making the insulin in our pancreas. Insulin is a hormone in our body that works like a key does in a door. Insulin unlocks our cells to let sugar into our cells from our blood stream. Our body then can utilize the sugar for energy. People that have the disease type one diabetes have very little insulin because their beta cells in their pancreas have been destroyed. People that have the disease type one diabetes have high levels of sugar in their blood because the sugar cannot get into their cells.

Over 23 million people in the U.S. had diabetes. Over 90 percent are type 2 diabetes. Diabetes limits the ability to produce glucose. There are two different types if diabetes. Type 1 and type 2. Type 1 is something that you are born with. This causes the pancreas to be over ruled and destroyed by the person’s immune system. That causes the glucose to build up into the blood stream. Type 2 diabetes is something that is developed over time that causes the cells to resist insulins effects. Which makes an extremely unhealthy glucose levels in the blood stream. One of the risk factors of having type 2

In Type 2 diabetes some insulin is being produced. Diabetes.org.uk (2017) states ‘In Type 2 diabetes, the body doesn’t make enough insulin, or the insulin it makes doesn’t work properly, meaning glucose builds up in the blood’. It usually occurs in older, overweight people and symptoms develop over a longer time period. Symptoms can include excessive thirst, going to the toilet to pass urine a lot more than usual including having to get up in the night to do this. Feeling tired all the time. Unexplained weight loss. Genital itching, thrush, cuts and wounds not healing as quickly as they should, and blurred vision. This is not an exhaustive list as there are rarer symptoms that can develop. The treatment for controlling Type 2 diabetes depends on the level of glucose found in the blood. This can be by diet and/or medication.

Symptoms for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus includes: fatigue, irritability, blurred vision, increased thirst and it could also cause blindness. There is no cure for type 1 diabetes. As for type 2 diabetes some people can get rid of their symptoms without any medications just by diet and exercise.

In type II diabetes, or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), the pancreas does not produce enough insulin; the body becomes resistant to normal or high levels of insulin, or both (McCulloch 2013). Type II accounts for approximately 90% of all diabetes cases. Type II diabetes most often occurs in adults, but because of high obesity rates, teens and young adults are now being diagnosed with it. With type II diabetes, fat, liver, and muscle cells do not respond to insulin. This is called insulin

This problem exists in society for a few different reasons which mainly include both natural and environmental factors. Diabetes consists of two main types, Type I and Type II, where both can be attributed to either an unhealthy diet or natural gene problem [3]. Type I diabetes occurs mainly when the body can not produce enough or any Insulin to absorb the glucose a person eats. Ten percent of all Americans in the United States with Diabetes suffers from this form, and need daily insulin injection to ensure proper blood sugar levels [5]. Type II Diabetes is caused the limited production of Insulin to properly interact with the bodies cells, and the inability to properly bind to the glucose enzymes. In simple terms, this happens because the body can either not produce any or enough Insulin to properly interact and regulate the blood sugar levels of a person.

are a few different classifications of Diabetes. Two of the common ones are: *Type 1(Formerly known

In type 2 diabetes, the cells of a person’s body don’t react to insulin or the body does not produce substantial amounts of insulin.

Diabetes can be summarized as simply as a lifetime condition of high blood sugar levels. However, it is more complex than that. People with diabetes face many symptoms such as constant thirst and hunger. Also, often time’s diabetics will gain or lose a noticeable amount of weight. Along with that,

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (type 1 DM) was first documented following recognizable reports in the second half of 19th century. More common in children and young adults, it results from the autoimmune annihilation of the beta cells that produce insulin in the pancreas. Consequently, glucose and blood in the urine increase due to the absence of, or reduced amount, of insulin. Symptoms include increased hunger, frequent urination, weight loss and increased thirst. Presently, the cause remains unknown, but explanatory theories offered include being exposed to antigens and genetic susceptibility. Diagnosis is done by checking for abnormalities in blood, such as high sugar levels, and also glucose in urine. Administering insulin injections and providing care are critical for patients’ survival. Other ways of managing type 1 DM include maintaining the level of blood sugar at the targeted range through planning means and exercise. When uncontrolled, type 1 DM can result in retinopathy, kidney damage and nerve damage.

Type 2 diabetes is caused because the cells are not able use the insulin properly. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), & Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2011) type 2 diabetes account for approximately 85-90% of people diagnosed with diabetes.

It results from the body’s ineffective use of insulin. Type 2 diabetes comprises 90% of people with diabetes around the world, and is largely the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity.

Type 2 diabetes on the other hand is due to decreased insulin production, and insulin resistant cells. Under normal circumstances, insulin triggers a shift in glucose, moving it from the bloodstream to the cell where it can be metabolized for ATP. In type 2 diabetes, cells no longer respond to insulin. In both cases, there is a buildup of glucose in the bloodstream.

Type I diabetes is insulin dependent. This type of diabetes is most common in young people, but it can also affect adult. In type 1, the body cannot not make insulin because the body. This is cause by the autoimmune destruction of insulin secreting pancreatic B cells (in citation). Insulin People with type one diabetes need to take their insulin at all times. Signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes includes, hunger, extreme thirst, and extreme urination. Treatments includes taking insulin, eating healthy, exercise, foods, control blood sugar level, control blood pressure and control cholesterol levels (Bethesda, 2014).