My opinion relating to the debate on intelligence. The concept of intelligence has originated innumerous discussions in the field of psychology and pedagogy, and it is also marked by controversy among scholars. One can say that many of these disagreements are generated from the lack of consensus on the definition and conceptualization of intelligence with regard to their nature, source and development. Generally, the theories that defends intelligence as inherently born with the individual, explain differences among people by genetic dispositions. Environmental theorists consider the environment in which individuals were raised and find themselves currently as the main factor determining their level of intelligence. In addition, we have a Factor G theory, which favors the existence of a single factor in the composition of intelligence, and theories which postulate the existence of different types of intelligence, such as the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Emotional Intelligence Theory and Triarchic Theory of Intelligence. I believe interactionist theories explain better the true nature of intelligence, as they consider both the influence of genetic factors and environmental factors, as key elements and explain cognitive development as a result of interaction between the organism and the environment. Every kid at birth inherits from his/her parents a genetic load establishing its development potential. These capabilities may or may not develop according to the stimuli
Intelligence is most important in today's society. Some individuals have high intelligence, some have low intelligence. An appropriate environment plays an important role in the development of a child’s intelligence. Stephen Jay Gould exchanged many views on intelligence in his book The Mismeasure of Man
I believe that behaviorism is the most important theory. You learn behavior before you learn social. Starting our as a baby you learn behaviors, you cry mom or dad come in or feed you or change you, you learn cry gets you something. Then when you are a toddler you learn behavior by if I eat all my dinner I get a cookie or ice cream so they learn to eat all their dinner to get a reward. From there you go into school age where you learn even more behaviors that will follow you into adulthood.
In Blackwell et al. (2007) and Murphy and Thomas (2008)’s papers they find individuals fall on a spectrum for how they view intelligence. On one hand some individuals believe intelligence is innate and unchangeable, or they have a fixed mindset. Conversely, other individuals believe that with effort and work individuals can augment their intelligence; these individuals have a growth mindset. A person’s theory of
Intelligence is the result of a process or a cycle as identified by the intelligence community. This cycle involves five or six steps based on the agency’s needs. These steps include planning and direction, collection, processing, analysis and dissemination. Planning and direction step it is an important part of the process because the essential elements of the intelligence cycle are identified especially the collection requirements. To produce an intelligence product the information collected from the multitude of sources available to analysts or the collections assets must be analyzed and must be disseminated to the consumers of intelligence, so they can make the decisions. There are many types of sources important to intelligence analyst and these are only some of them: HUMINT, SIGINT, IMINIT, OSINT, MASINT, and COMINT
Almost everyone agrees that intelligence is a product of nature and nurture, genetics and environment. The study of intelligence and how it affects learning has been ongoing for years. There are so many questions that don’t have exact answers which hinder the efforts of those trying to analyze the relationship between
Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the education system wanted to identify the students who were failing. In order to identify these students they commissioned Alfred Binet; a French physician. Binet was asked to devise a method which could differentiate between the students. Binet did this by developing an intelligence test (Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011:144). Previous intelligence tests had an emphasis on physical measures, sensory tasks and simple processes (ibid). In contrast, Binet’s intelligence test contained complex processes which examined the comprehensive abilities of the students (Garrison, 2009:73). Consequently, the results proved that the test was successful in determining the different types of intelligence among the students (ibid). The success of Binet’s intelligence test led to a long running debate regarding the precision in the definition of intelligence. There are two main opposing theories of intelligence. The first is the general intelligence school of thought. This school of thought believed that intelligence is derived from one general factor; also known as the ‘g’ factor. Secondly, the multiple intelligences school of thought believed that intelligence is made up of multiple factors and cannot be generalised with one factor. This essay will compare and contrast the above theories. Furthermore, it will discuss the implications for
There are many intelligences described to us through our lives, all over the world. Does in-telligence decide what we do with our lives, or is one intelligence more important than any other? When we look at Merriam-Webster (2013) for the definition of intelligence it states that it is the ability to learn different or new actions dependent on circumstances involved. So, who decides what intelligence is, and do we know if emotional intelligence, personal intelligence or any other intelligence plays a part in the different styles of learning. Let us explore the effects that intelli-gence has on people, and how emotional intelligence plays a more important role than we think.
This theory explains intelligence as the specific process of solving problems that individuals encounter. Piaget (1952), one of the eminent proponents of this kind of theories, has proposed intelligence as an adaptive process, which a child experiences at various stages of his/her life. Gardner (1983) has developed a theory of multiple intelligence on the basis of cultural significance and their correspondence to the human brain structure (Table 3). Besides the physical and musical varieties, he has identified six other types of intelligence: spatial (visual), interpersonal (the ability to understand others), intrapersonal (the ability to understand oneself), naturalist (the ability to recognize fine distinctions and
The extensive concept of learning in human beings is a continuous process throughout life, varying only in how much is to be learned and the use of that same knowledge in relating with others. Nonetheless, learning in adults varies from individual to individual depending on various attitudes such as genetic longevity and habitual tendencies. The amount of knowledge and the variance found within the learning spectrum is what is then taken and conceptualized into the notion of intelligence. Matters of intelligence revolve around the expression of how smart an individual is regarded with reflection to matters such as learning various languages, the development of musical knowledge, or formulating simple ways in which a person can get out of a particular given situation (being able to act intelligently when dealing with everyday life). The concept of intelligence is something that is highly intriguing and it ultimately affects the daily lives of many people. However what is most intriguing is the fact that the study and observation of intelligence is given very little attention when placed in context of adults. In circulation are various theories that describe the different forms of intelligence with attention towards the analysis of two differing styles of intelligence: fluid and crystallized.
This research paper will unpack the multiple intelligences theory developed by Howard Gardner. According to Molly Zhou and David Brown, “Howard Gardner 's theory of Multiple Intelligences utilizes aspects of cognitive and developmental psychology, anthropology, and sociology to explain the human intellect” (Zhou & Brown, 2015). By touching on the life of Howard Gardner, exploring some of his achievements, and studying his theory as well as how it relates to the modern-day classroom, a better understanding of what teachers are up against will be reached.
Many theories exist around the world involving many different subjects. Some theories are in the science area while others are in the psychology area. One psychology theory that is used in education is the theory of Multiple Intelligences. The Multiple Intelligences Theory is a theory that shows the nine intelligences all individuals possess, with some individuals being more strong in some intelligences more than the others. Knowing the nine intelligences that exist, it is easier for educators to be able to teach students in the intelligence they are strongest in. The Multiple Intelligences Theory’s key points are that all individuals possess the nine intelligences, each intelligence can be improved with the right instruction, and the
Ever since the inception of Psychology as a scientific field people have wondered of the origins ,& factors of Intelligence. Thinkers from as early as the Greek school of philosophy pondered what made one man smart ,and another dull. Early england thought that they could correlate the size of a man’s head with his intelligence. Though it was only when psychologists started testing people using exams aimed at cognitive processes did real scientific theories start to emerge. The question I began with when starting this project is, What theory of intelligence most accurately models it? My question came from going over some college board sources over intelligence ,& wondering about it’s various theories So with a significant amount of
In 1979 Howard Gardner started researching human potential, this research led to a book entitled “Frames of Mind” this book introduced the theory of multiple intelligences (Armstrong). The theory of multiple intelligences challenged the conventional idea that intelligence could be measured and scored by a simple test giving us an “IQ” number. (Armstrong) The theory of multiple intelligences propounds that intelligence can be found in many forms and that different learning methods are required for different intelligences.
Creativity and Intelligence, they couldn’t be any more different from each other. But maybe, just maybe could they be related in a sense? Or what does one have to do with the other? That’s what I always wondered when it came to both. In class we learned that they do met at a certain point, but after that no such connection happens between them. Creativity is the ability to produce new and valuable ideas; while Intelligence is the mental potential to learn from experiences, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
ABSTRACT: Gilbert Ryle’s dispositional analysis of the concept of intelligence makes the error of assimilating intelligence to the category of dispositional or semi-dispositional concepts. Far from being a dispositional concept, intelligence is an episodic concept that refers neither to dispositions nor to ‘knowing how,’ but to a fashion or style of proceeding whose significance is adverbial. Being derivative from the function of the adverb ‘intelligently,’ the concept of intelligence does not have essential reference to specific verbs but rather to the manner or style of proceeding of nearly any verb that is descriptive of the proceedings of an agent. Intelligence- words are expressive of a manner of doing