Student Name : Singh, R.
: Hariram, E. : Marimuthu, V.K.
Student Number : 20054057 : 20101233 : 19852274
Assignment Title : The Global Pharmaceutical Industry.
Date : 10 March 2012
Programme : BTECH-MANAGEMENT IV
Question 1
Identify the main environmental forces currently affecting the global pharmaceutical industry?
PESTEL analysis of the global pharmaceutical industry:
Political * Governments set stringent regulation and is a powerful purchaser. * Governments around the world focus on pharmaceuticals as a politically easy target in their efforts to control rising health care expenditure. * Inter-country pricing disparities.
Economic
* European free trade agreements. *
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* Threat to intellectual property resulting from a combination of generic competition and the HIV/AIDS crisis in Africa. * More informed consumers. Opposing key drivers: * The pharmaceutical industry facing a rapidly changing environment, which offers both opportunities (such as harmonisation of regulatory requirements) but also threats (more discriminating purchasers); * The need for global presence to achieve adequate return on escalating marketing capabilities and R&D costs; * A strong focus on healthcare cost containment, such that new treatments must be justified on cost-benefit grounds, adding to development costs; * To command price premiums, new products must offer unique benefits, yet information leakage means that most products are imitated rapidly; * IT developments provide greater access to detailed healthcare information for both providers and patients, also pushing forward cost-effective treatments; * Educated consumers demanding advances in therapy; * There are opportunities to change organisational models but no-one has yet found a feasible alternative; * Continued industry consolidation.
Scenarios | Big positive change (i) | No change (II) | Big negative
You can also access information from other hospitals and doctors. It allows for more efficient care and treatment of individuals. Lists of medications and medical history are just a small number of things that an IT system can be utilized. These things can be obtained quickly and not allow a patient's health to suffer.
Economic: Globalization of the pharmaceutical industry is an exciting opportunity to have research and development done at cheaper prices in other countries. However, this could be a double edged sword for companies because it is easy for other countries, such as India, to produce generic versions of the drug in bulk.
Health information technology (IT) has always been in development but within the last decade we are witnessing health IT move into new advancements we never thought we would see. In 2004, President Bush set a ten year goal for health IT
During the peak of HIV, the arguments for compulsory licensing were strong, for drugs should be made as widely available as possible during an epidemic to prevent it from spreading. But compulsory licensing also discourages innovation, and will do so increasingly as emerging markets make a bigger contribution to pharmaceutical company revenues. What is more, as such
Twenty years ago no one in the health care industry could have dreamed of the advancements we are experiencing today. The technology has advanced treatments, equipment, and delivery of care. Information is key to successful problem-solving and health service delivery (Hovenga & Heard, 2010). Combining and progressing in the information technology field has and will continue to advance care. Change and potential progress in health care are influenced by many factors, one important factor today is progress in information and communication technologies (ICT), leading to new pervasive or ubiquitous ICT, providing new opportunities to support or even enable new types of health
Information technology has long been a part of just about every industry, and this includes health care. It is even becoming more digital with patient portals that let patients easily access their medical information through websites. Test results, prescriptions, and other medical data are more readily available, and communicating with doctors is made more convenient. Some portals even allow patients to schedule appointments, fill out forms, and pay bills.
into less regulated markets. However, sourcing from emerging markets has revealed a variety of challenges which pharmaceuticals companies are continuously
Pharmaceutical industry is facing intense competition and enormous challenge in the recent year, mainly due to the threat from generics drugs and competitors enhance ability and adoption of new technology (Taylor, 2015). For AstraZeneca, they face the unprecedented challenge which is how to continually innovate (AstraZeneca, 2015).
There is a lot of discussion about pharmaceutical companies, intellectual property, and the global AIDS epidemic. Do pharmaceutical companies have a responsibility to distribute drugs for free or low cost in developing countries? Why is intellectual property such a big deal? What impact would South Africa’s decision to levy duties on drugs in the country have on the international distribution of drugs? Was the change that provided patent protection for pharmaceutical companies an appropriate change or a dangerous precedent? Was it necessary to relax intellectual property rules in order to ensure that adequate supplies of AIDs medications would be available for distribution in the
The pharmaceutical industry has enjoyed very impressive sales and profit growth rate above 10 percent per annum despite its strict industry regulation. This success relied mainly on strong Research and Development (R&D), patents, aggressive promotional tool and Salesforce. In the era of big-bang disruption and economic downturn, however, this industry is constantly under attack from numerous interested parties trying to reduce the size of the drugs bill (Moss, 2004). This industry is now under immense pressure from external and internal stakeholders who are expecting development and distribution of pharmaceuticals and drug-related products and services in an ethical and cost efficient manner, yet maintaining healthy profit margins. As in other
The significance regarding of health information and its technology is predetermined on the evidence regarding how it provides a stepping stone for allowing a transmission network revolution, that grants health providers to exchange health information without interference which is required for properly maintaining care , patient safety, strengthening medical diagnosis, charting outcomes, supporting reimbursement for care provided, and other numerous ranges proficient in developing the care in which patients currently receive and going forward.
To be without illness, is to be able to experience the blessings of life. Today, medical and health advancements have not only extended the length of our lives, but have also allowed many to maintain momentary joys through the continued use of prescription drugs. As individuals have become more accustom to daily doses of pills, social views and opinions have shifted. And with such a unique market in which consumers are essentially ‘paying to live’, the pharmaceutical industry has quickly developed into an enormous revenue dispensing giant. Unfortunately, the pharmaceutical industry in the United States is now plagued by expensive prescription drugs and deficient regulation, while the prioritization of profits over human lives has become
Along with saving lives and helping people live an ordinary life in comfort, the pharmaceutical industry makes billions of dollars every year; money that is invested in research/development as well as lining the pockets of shareholders. However, in the past two years the system has been abused by those hoping to make a hefty profit from buying or acquiring a drug and then raising the price ten or twenty-fold, often with the simple reason of greed or matching what other companies do (Johnson). Occasionally, such as in 2015, the United States Senate will scrutinize these CEOs, but with no real consequences added on other than bad publicity (Sternberg). What the federal government can do is to prevent this price-gouging via legislature that does not directly control the price of a drug, as in the past those types of economies fare poorly.
In a highly competitive and dynamically changing market it has become imperative for the leading pharmaceutical
IT is utilized as a part of such a variety of fields in our everyday life. From Engineers to Doctors, Students, Teachers, and Government Organization they all use IT to perform particular assignments, for enjoyment or just to complete office work. IT have made our life less demanding. With more noteworthy exactness and precision and less time taking digital technology can do a lot in brief time while that task can take a lot of time while doing physically. IT have taken commercial enterprises