Systematic Research Studies

The purpose of this meta-synthesis research was to synthesize a qualitative study performed to better understand the underlying reasons why only a fraction of cancer patients participate in cancer research trials. The attempt is to explore factors that influence participation in this type of study. Literature in the subject indicates poorly understood process of how patients are enrolled into clinical trials. This systematic review tries to improve the patient decision-making process in participating in cancer clinical trial and to provide Oncology nurses to treat patients with solid background utilizing evidence based practice (Biedrzycki, 2010).

Research done by the Centres for Disease Control and Protection (CDC) has shown that the MMR vaccine, or the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, is 93% effective against measles after one dosage, and 97% effective after two doses. Moreover, the Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is shown to be 98% effective after two doses, and the hepatitis B vaccine is shown to be over 90% effective in infants, children and adults alike. Despite the fact that the aforementioned vaccines aren’t 100 percent effective, their high success rates still prove that vaccines are extremely effective, thus making them essential to maintaining children’s

A meta-analysis of seven different studies, an experimental study, a quasi-experimental study, and two non-experimental studies were used in this research process. The meta-analysis provided level one strength evidence and was of good quality for scientific evidence. The experimental study presented level one strength evidence and was also of good quality for scientific evidence. The quasi-experimental study had level two strength evidence and provided high-quality scientific evidence. Both of the non-experimental studies provided level three strength evidence and high-quality scientific evidence.

Each article found was systematically reviewed for the main population and interventions used in the article. The panel used existing systematic reviews as evidence. If the reviews were unavailable or out of date, the panel performed their own analyses. PICO questions were searched for by topic panels, that had the same bibliographic databases. “The quality of reviews was assessed using principles embodied in prior instruments addressing methodologic quality of systematic reviews, and wherever possible, current high-quality systematic reviews were used as the source of summary estimates. Reviews were also used to identify additional studies to complement the database

Vaccination saves lives. The parent or guardian has complete control in safeguarding their child from effects of illnesses such as measles. Parenting a child is an enormous responsibility as the parent must learn the facts about the possible diseases that can affect their children (Romm, 2001). However, in the public health sector, the importance of vaccination seems to be underestimated. Some of these public health practices not utilized to their maximum capacity hence disease that can be prevented by vaccines primarily remain a threat to the child’s health. Suggestions were drawn that the gap remains because, within the health sector, the process done on a vaccine by vaccine basis. This paper will clearly define the importance of vaccinating children and bring to light the critical importance of vaccination to child development.

Recent outbreaks of measles has promoted renewed interest in childhood vaccinations. However, lingering doubts about the efficacy and safety of popular and recommended vaccines, specifically the DTP and MMR vaccines, remain. It is not necessarily the attenuated virus portion of the vaccines, but the ingredients which assist in the performance of the vaccines, that brings about concern. Some studies report that, at various times and in certain populations, vaccines may pose greater

In order to understand the importance of the MMR vaccine, a short history of the measles illness, measles vaccine, some complications of the illness and a brief look at the prevalence of measles will be provided. This information was researched through the National University library search engine, more specifically smart search. Proquest central and academic search premier were the two research databases used to research the topics using the following key words or phrases: measles, measles vaccine, and MMR. The search engine Pubmed was also utilized with the following key phrases: measles immunosuppression, measles, and measles vaccine.

One might query the nature of the method used to collect and conduct the study due to the fact that it is a systematic review and meta-synthesis as a counterpart. LoBiondo-Wood & Haber emphasized, “a researcher who uses any of the systematic review methods of combining evidence does not conduct the original research or analysis, but rather takes the data from already published studies” (p. 229). This method was presented clearly and understandable to the

The advantages of child vaccination have been pertinent to a child’s overall health for numerous years. Over fifty years ago, in 1963, the measles vaccine was created and introduced to the United States. The measles vaccine was important to such a degree that it is referred to as a “life-saving advance.” This vaccine had the power to protect millions of children from the exceptionally contagious disease. Around this time, measles had the power to overcome four million children, create serious enough complications to hospitalize 48,000 children, and progress to bad enough conditions to result in death for more than 400 children on an annual basis (Parker). Childhood fatalities caused by measles has declined by 74% since the creation of the measles

Immunizations will include some inconvenience and may bring about pain, redness, or discomfort at the site of infusion yet this is insignificant contrasted with the agony, uneasiness, and injury of the infections these antibodies/vaccines avert.“CDC recommends all children get two doses of MMR vaccine, starting with the first dose at 12 through 15 months of age, and the second dose at 4 through 6 years of age. Children can receive the second dose earlier as long as it is at least 28 days after the first dose. “Measles can be prevented with the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. One dose of MMR vaccine is about 93% effective at preventing measles if exposed to the virus, and two doses are about 97% effective. In the United States, widespread use of measles vaccine has led to a greater than 99% reduction in measles cases compared with the pre-vaccine era (CDC, 2014).” Some think that the MMR vaccination leads to autism but in fact there has been no evidence it is simply pseudoscience many studies have been done but, yet none to prove there is a link between the two. It has no evidence and no facts to this

The desire of improved health for the citizens of our nation has long been fundamental in promoting the use of vaccinations. As early as the 1800’s, vaccinations were beginning to be recognized as highly beneficial in abolishing deadly diseases and intense interest in developing useful vaccinations began. As more vaccinations were discovered and more individuals vaccinated, diseases such as polio, diphtheria, and smallpox no longer plagued populations and decimated nations. Combined vaccinations for multiple diseases were created, such as diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP) and measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR). These vaccines have played an enormous role in improving the health of the people of our nation.

In recent years, less people are getting vaccinations. Vaccinations are the weaker and harmless form of a specific pathogen that are administered into an individual’s immune system to help fight against a specific disease. Less people are getting vaccinations because they fear of negative side effects that may happen to the individual introduced with a vaccine such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR vaccine). The MMR vaccine was believed to have cause autism in the 1990s, which caused a decrease in the MMR vaccination. However, vaccinations are safe and effective and provide beneficial purposes for everyone. Vaccinations help one’s immune system protect itself from future pathogens. It helps prevent dangerous diseases from infecting the

There has been an ongoing debate regarding the risk of vaccines for both children and adults. Vaccines are mandatory in countless states for infancy to 18 years of age. However, not everyone is in agreement with being vaccinated due to the common risk factors associated with him or her. A researchers state, vaccines provides an extremely cost-effective technology for dealing with the killer disease, saving lives, and averting millions of dollars of potential health spending’ (P. Danzon & N. Perira & S. Tejwani 2009). Therefore, it is imperative for parents of youth to provide a healthy future. Even though vaccines are cost-effective, almost every has physician recommends vaccination to prevent long-term diseases.

AAD is a prevalent outcome related to antibiotic use, and it can have detrimental impacts on patients. The use of probiotics as preventive measure has been controversial and its efficacy has been questioned. However, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the probiotic S. boulardii to the use of placebo or without any intervention to determine if it reduced the incidence of AAD. The research method that was implemented for this study was a systematic review with meta-analysis. A total of twenty-two RCTs or 4780 participants met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) was one case of AAD was avoided in ten cases. This meta-analysis included both children and adults. The Grading of Recommendations

Vaccinating is considered one of the most effective medical intervention ever invented. Vaccines have saved many children from sickness, death and have terminated a large part of infectious diseases in the world. That being said, whether to immunize or not is the ongoing question parents face each day. On one hand, questions are raised about the safety of some vaccines because of rare but serious adverse effects that have been attributed to them. On the other hand, vaccines are known to help prevent death and serious illnesses. Hence, this paper explores the pros and cons of children's vaccines.