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Pt1420 Unit 9 Study Guide

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1. What are coordinate and projection systems, and what is their purpose in defining geographic information? Answer: - Coordinate system is actually a reference system which represents the geographic locations, images, GPS (Geographic Positioning System) locations present in a common geographical framework. Hence these coordinate systems allows the geographic datasets to use the common locations for the purpose of integration. Types of coordinate systems:- 1. Spherical Coordinate System also known as globular co-ordinate system. E.g.:- Latitude-Longitude .Units of measurement are decimal …show more content…

Conformal 2. Equal Area 3. Equidistant 4. Azimuthal Projection Surfaces are classified into 3 basic types:- 1. Conic 2. Cylindrical 3. Planar Question: 2 what is a choropleth map? What is its utility? What is the downside? Answer: - A choropleth map resembles a histogram in space. It uses different color shades or patterns and classifies the frequency of values of a given variable for each area in ascending order. Examples: - Standard Deviation Maps, Box Maps Downside:- 1. Though it is the color representation of the data, it can omit important data thus introduce error hence less specific. 2. The Impression in data: Larger the cell less is the error, smaller the cell more is the error. 3. Sometimes Data which is changing gradually may be suggested to as changed suddenly e.g. Crime rates 4. Inexact figures 5. Hides the data which is anomalous. Question:-3 what is a raster? Give one example of a raster dataset, and the values it would represent. Answer: - In the raster data model, a grid is used to cover the space and the value of each cell called as pixel in the grid and it corresponds to the characteristic of the geographic feature at the cell location. The cell is the smallest unit in the grid which is a matrix of …show more content…

Represents continuous surfaces and performs analysis of surface c. Performs fast overlays with complex data sets. Question:-4 what is the Euclidean median? What does it minimize? Answer:-Euclidean median or median center is the location which minimizes/reduces the sum of Euclidean distances from all other points present in a spatial distribution to that central point. Mathematically this locations minimizes/reduces the sum and is calculated by Pythagorean Theorem. Most important use of Euclidean median in Geography are public and private facility location. In facility location the main goal is to reduce the average distance travelled per person to reach a designated facility. Euclidean median is actually the location which reduces/minimizes your transportation costs. Question:-5 what is the utility of geocoding? Using examples, what can you do with geocoded data? Answer: - Geocoding is not only a science but also an art.In this process we assign locations to addresses, so that on a map these can be placed as points and analyzed with other data. So what is done is that Geographic coordinates are assigned to original data, hence the term Geocoding. 1. Geocoded data is used for analysis of address data in which address locations are displaced and patterns are recognized with this

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