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Human-papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing has been proposed as an alternative to primary cervical cancer screening using cytological testing. Review of the evidence shows that available data are conflicting for

have had a cervical smear test in the past 5 years. Half of the women

Harms related to cervical cancer screening with a Pap Smear are related to abnormal results. Abnormal results of a Pap Smear can cause short-term psychological harms that include anxiety and distress (USPSTF, 2016a). Abnormal results can also lead to further or more frequent testing (USPSTF, 2016a). Diagnostic procedure harms include vaginal bleeding, pain, and infection (USPSTF, 2016a). Harms of cervical treatment primarily include risks related to “adverse pregnancy outcomes” which include preterm delivery, low birthweight, and perinatal death (USPSTF, 2016a). Harms related to cervical treatment are also associated with false-positives (USPSTF, 2016a). Thus, overtreatment can be detrimental to the patient (USPSTF, 2016a).

Pap smears are seen as preventative measures because they are conducted to detect early signs of cervical cancer. Experts believe that annual screening is no longer beneficial because it contributes to over testing and overdiagnosis, which may cause more harm to women.

Cancer. One of those words that repeatedly echoes in your head, drowning your thoughts, consuming your body… wondering, why you? How didn’t I find out sooner? Due to the many health benefits of mammography, women starting at the age of 40 should be required to have yearly mammograms. The discussion of mammography continues to rise in controversy, especially regarding why women should start receiving mammograms at the age of 40. Two conflicts that continue to threaten women against mammograms are the amount of radiation exposure and the evidence that mammograms can cause false positive results. Although there are negatives, mammography is peculiarly important in the solidity that they can detect cancer two years in advance and is able to pick up very small lesions.

Recently, the American Medical Association changed its recommendations on the frequency of pap-smear exams for women. The new frequency recommendation was designed to address the family histories of the patients. The optimal frequency should be where the marginal benefit of an additional pap-test:

Women have some special needs when it comes to taking care of our bodies and knowing when something is not right. It is better to be safe and look into something that doesn’t seem or feel right instead of thinking it is going to pass on in time. Women can get many different infections and cancers. Cervical cancer is the second leading cancer in women and breast cancer is the number one leading cancer in women. Women must educate themselves, and frequently assess their bodies of symptoms, marks, or lumps of these types of issues so they can be treated early on.

The American Cancer Society estimates that about 12,900 new cases of cervical cancer will be diagnosed in 2015 and about 4100 women will die from it. The cervical cancer can be successfully treated if it’s detected early through a Pap test. Here we’ll discuss about the causes, symptoms, treatment and cervical cancer surgery.

A Pap smear (also known as a Pap test) is a screening procedure to find out if you have cervical cancer or not. To be specific, it detects the existence of precancerous

I. How would you feel if one day, you went to your OBGYN for a routine checkup and a pap-smear. Afterwards, a few days later your doctor calls you to inform you that your pap-smear is abnormal. After a biopsy is performed, you find out that you have HPV.

Many researchers show that cancer is one of the most preventable disease with an early screening. Like the cervical cancer, it is also preventable with the early screening. To prevent cancer or any other types of disease, it is an imperative to look at the cause and the risk factor that need to be avoided. Moreover, in the cancer screening, the National Clearinghouse guidelines develop certain guidelines in cancer prevention. If this prevention apply correctly to the patients who are at risk, there would be a great possibility to these people that they may not attend the cervical cancer, and also they may not reach to the level of complications or death. The guideline of the National Clearinghouse in cervical cancer prevention sets with the

For women belonging to the age group of 30 to 65 years, USPSTF recommends screening tests to be done by combination of cytology and pap smear once every 5 years. It is beneficial for women to undergo co-testing of cytology with Pap smear test because it would increase the screening interval. Also, pap smear has high sensitivity but low specificity, thereby increasing the chances of

Routine screening with the much-maligned pap smear has decreased the death rate from cervical cancer in women by as much at 83% [5]. Just having a competent midwife and obstetric support during childbirth can decrease the odds of dying in childbirth from 1 in 6 deliveries to less than 1 in 30,000

While effective prevention programmes hold out the promise of dramatically decreasing the incidence of cervical cancer, any large-scale screening effort directed towards healthy populations can have both positive and negative outcomes.

Cervical Cancer and sad to say that many women are unaware that they have contracted the virus (Southern Cross, 2015). Only when an individual who undergoes certain examination can determine if she is positive for cervical cancer.