Methods A 200 mg caffeine pill was cut in half with a razor. Next, one of the halves was then crushed using a mortar and pestle; the final measurement was 100 mg of caffeine. The 100 mg of caffeine was then dumped into 100 ml of distilled water in a 250ml beaker. Using a stirring rod, the caffeine was then diffused into the water by stirring the mixture for ten minutes. Four 40 ml beakers were then collected and labeled with tape. The beakers were labeled as the control (0.0% caffeine), 0.1% of caffeine, 0.01% of caffeine, and 0.001% caffeine. 10 ml of distilled water was placed into the beaker labeled ‘control.’ The other three beakers were filled with 9ml of distilled water. 1 ml of the water-caffeine mixture was sucked into a pipette, and was then dropped into the beaker labeled 0.1% caffeine. 1 ml of the 0.1% caffeine was sucked into the pipette, and then placed in the beaker labeled 0.01% caffeine. 1 ml of of the 0.01% caffeine was then sucked into the pipette and placed into the beaker labeled 0.001% caffeine. Four test tubes were then collected and labeled with tape as control, 0.1%, 0.01%, and 0.001%. Using a sterile swab, the inside of a human mouth was swabbed. This was then mixed with 2 ml of distilled water. In each test tube, 0.5 ml of the bacteria solution was added with a pipette. Then, in the test tube labeled control, 0.5 ml of the distilled water was added. In the test tube labeled 0.1%, 0.5 ml of the 0.1% caffeine solution was added, the test tube
According to the results, the columns of caffeine in figure 1, of this experiment the hypothesis for caffeine is partially accepted. There is an increasing trend in the change of pulsation rates with increasing
Many manufactures release the caffeine content of their products publically, but not always, and new products and flavors are continuously introduced to the market. If quality checks are not performed, manufactures may alter the caffeine and benzoic acid content to suit the demands without public knowledge. To ensure the levels of caffeine and benzoic acid in products do not exceed the established safe limits and to inform the public of the amount of these compounds being consumed, various methods of analysis have been performed. Before the introduction of modern techniques, spectrophotometric methods alone were used to determine concentration of a compound in a mixture.6 The caffeine content in coffee, tea, soft drink, and energy drinks were determined using an immunoassay.7 The caffeine content in mixtures also used to have to be extracted before quantification.8
← I would repeat the experiment with the caffeine solution more times, so that the results I would get will be more
Next we removed the excess solution from the Daphnia and flushed it with aquarium water. Using the same procedure we monitored the effects of 1 1/2% and 2.0% caffeine
Considering a diagnosis of dehydration, along with the fact that Joe seems to be consuming a lot of caffeine, a diuretic that causes fluid loss, the student may suggest testing Na, Ca, and other electrolyte levels in the blood, as well as levels of caffeine or other metabolites in the blood and urine. This latter information may help the student determine or at least estimate Joe’s caffeine intake.
5. Prepare the caffeine solution by dissolving 10g of caffeine tablets in 100ml of water in a beaker. Label the beaker ‘caffeine’. Similarly, add 10g of coffee to 100ml of water in another beaker and label it ‘coffee’.
What were your controls for this experiment? What did they demonstrate? Why was saliva included in this experiment?
The research question for the Alka Seltzer Lab is, “What is the effect of different surface areas of an Alka Seltzer tablets reaction time?’. Inside of an Alka Seltzer tablet there are two key ingredients; which are citric acid and baking soda. When a tablet is dropped into a liquid, the acid and baking soda show a physical reaction of fizzing and eventually dissolving. Materials needed for this lab was goggles, aprons, beakers, water of the same temperature, mortar pestle, and three alka seltzer tablets. In each beaker there was 150 mL of water. The first tablet was a full tablet, the second was broken into quarters, and the last tablet was crushed in a mortar pestle. The dependent variable of the lab was the rate of reaction, and the independent
Caffeine was chosen because it raises the heartbeat of humans, so they wanted to see what would happen when given to a Daphnia. One drop of Caffeine was dropped onto the Daphnia and then observed to get a recording of the heart rate. The results for both of the solutions were different which arose the question of whether the Caffeine had an effect on the Daphnia’s. The control group was tested first with 5 trials of different Daphnia, this gave an average heart rate of 114.8 with a difference of 0 between the two Daphnia. The heart rates were recorded 3 times for each Daphnia, for each trial 2 Daphnia’s were tested. When the Daphnia were placed in the toxin the results showed a very obvious change in heart rate with an average of 15.6 in heart rates between the Daphnia placed in water and the Daphnia mixed with caffeine. The experiment was done in a controlled environment in the Parker build at
The data from the mean indicates that caffeine consumption resulted in a heart rate increase for all the patients at an average of 12 units from the normal rate. In addition, the standard deviation post consumption is consistent with mean as it was represented by a factor of 9.74 before the caffeine and 11.58 after. The high deviation after caffeine could be attributed to the fact that caffeine does effect each person differently. The median and mean relate heavily, showing that there was not a large presence of outliers in the data and that there is consistency between each participant’s response to caffeine. The normal distribution of the data was evidenced by the interquartile deviations where the lower quartile was 63.50 before patients were served with coffee and upper quartile of 77.50 and with simultaneous changes after caffeine drinks with low quartile being 74.50 and upper quartile at 92.50. The quartiles distributions show steady changes in heart rate with respect to
In this experiment we are going to be using daphnia’s to determine how certain drugs effect our heart rate, whether they increase or decrease and if they do, how much they increase or decrease. We will do this by obtaining a daphnia’s rest heart rate, dropping a sample of the certain drug onto the daphnia and observing the new heart rate. The drugs that we are going to be using are: diet pill, adrenalin, sleeping pill, coffee, and tea. It is predicted that coffee and tea will increase the heart rate of the daphnia seeing they both have caffeine in it. Coffee has about 95-200 mg of caffeine in it while tea only has 11-47 mg of caffeine so coffee should raise the heart rate slightly more than tea.
The people who drank Gatorade and coffee were both only able to produce three urine samples at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. The general trend for these two drinks was that the volume of urine increased over time. The urine produced from Gatorade samples increased greatly over each sample, beginning at a low 46 mL with the first sample, jumping to 215 mL, and ending at 410 mL. The person who consumed coffee began with a moderate amount of urine at 170 mL, increased by 30 mL up to 200 mL for the second, and the final sample was 470 mL of urine. (Figure 1)
An independent samples t-test was conducted to examine the difference between experimental conditions on test performance. The results indicated a significant difference between participants who consumed the caffeinated beverage and participants who did not, with participants in the caffeinated group (M = 7.64, SD = 2.41) performing worse than participants in the non-caffeinated group (M = 9.81, SD = 3.16), t (97) = 2.14, p < .05.
Components containing caffeine were composed into stock solutions. These solutions were diluted to 1: 10 substance: mobile phase. A stock solution of caffeine was diluted 1:50. A sequence of diluted caffeine solutions were prepared for use as a standard (ppm): 1, 2, 4, and 10. Solutions of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, and Goody’s Powder were developed to differentiate chromatographic peaks observed. These solutions were subjected to HPLC for examination of the observed peak area and retention time for the set of compounds. Comparison of retention time allowed for the differentiation of peaks observed. The peak area obtained was utilized to determine the relative concentration of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder based on the relationship obtained in the standard. The content of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder by percent weight was identified.
Treatment with water, caffeine, alcohol, and gatorade and the effects on urine output, pH, Na+ excretion, and solid excretion were tested at 30 minute intervals for 2 hours. It was found that urine production for each treatment group increased after 30 minutes, increased further after 60 minutes, and then began to decrease. Mean increases in urine production were only significant for Gatorade in the first 90 minutes (an increase of 40% at 30-60 minutes, and a decrease of 73% at 60-90 minutes) and for caffeine over 60-90min (a 48% decrease). The average pH for each treatment group became more acidic by 90-120 minutes. Mean differences over each time