John Dunstable's Argumentative Essay

In Bach’s Cantata No. 140, Wachet auf No. 1 triple meter was created with the singers whenever there was a cycle of a downbeat and then two weaker beats. The pattern of the stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables gave the perception of a triple meter. Moreover, the instruments in the background, notably the violins and the oboes, also contributed to the triple meter as they produced the effect of stressed sounds followed by two unstressed sounds repeatedly.

The phrases are generally 8 beats long extending over 3 – the last two beats of the first bar and the first two beats of the third bar( in the excerpt to the right).

2. Name two important writers of literature (not musicians) from the Classical Period. ( 1 point)

The main objective in the performance of Renaissance music is that everything done by the singer is subservient to the text. Musicians of the Renaissance were fixated on the concept of music serving the text. Composers set poems to text attempting to imitate natural speech and inflection pattern in the rhythms of the music, and wished to write the music in such a way that the words could be understood. Singers should strive toward clear diction, making sure their vowel shapes and ornamentation do not obscure the text.

In March 1857, one of the most controversial events preceding the Civil War occurred. Dred Scott, and his wife had once belonged to army surgeon John Emerson, who bought him from the Peter Blow family of St. Louis. After Emerson died, the Blows apparently helped Scott sue Emerson’s widow for his freedom, but lost the case in state court. Which was because Mrs. Emerson left him with her brother John Sanford. Whose name was misspelled in court papers. He was a New York citizen. Scott sued again in federal court, claiming Missouri citizenship. Scott’s lawyers eventually appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.

I selected Antonio Vivaldi as from the list of composers due to his vast influence in the development of music, including current popular styles such as the double violin concertos and ritornellos, and his influence on future composers such as Bach. Vivaldi’s significance to the music world is further emphasized by the introduction and popularization of concepts such as his usage of rhythm to create escalating tension and the application of motivic elements as themes for his pieces. Vivaldi’s life was set out to pursue priesthood from a young age yet, ironically, an illness allowed him to follow his true passion as both a violinist and composer. Antonio Vivaldi remained pious throughout his life and it was his particular education as a priest

The civil war did reduce sectional antagonist a huge amount but it also made the United states One Nation. The war was a test for the nation or in this case ANY nation for those dedicated to see if they could endure and a final resting place for those who died and for the nation to live. There was division between the north and the south which eventually brought upon the Brutal Civil War. In president Andrew John’s Amnesty proclamation, the Union forgave the confederate and made them swear on an oath to faithfully support, protect, and defend the constitution of the United States. “The union eventually showed that they had no “antagonist” against the south which made the United States One nation once again. The soldiers that risked their lives

Racial inequality, excessive punishment, unfair trials, wrongful convictions and improper treatment of children and the mentally ill are just some of the main reasons why attorney, Bryan Stevenson, decided to found the Equal Justice Initiative (EJI).

Early eighteenth century marked the beginning of the middle period, which was said to be the most productive period out of his three compositional periods as some of his most magnificent works were produced during this time (Lockwood, 194). In this paper, I will examine the heroic style - why it came about, what are some characteristics of ‘heroic’ music and through the analysis of a ‘product of the times’ (Taruskin) , compare the differences between the music of the heroic style and that of before. The middle period is also known as the heroic period from 1803 – 1812 is after the Viennese period and before the Late

The Renaissance and Baroque era entailed very different characteristics, due to the Renaissance composers writing more freely and being more individual then those of the Baroque era where they followed more ‘rules’ and experimented less. This essay will show the difference in two pieces by different composers, even though they were written less than a century apart.

“The Rite of Spring” was written during the Modern Era of music. The characteristics of music during this period used nonsymmetrical patterns in the meter based on five, seven, eleven, or thirteen beats per measure. The meter could shift constantly changing the flow of the music. Composers started using sharply contrasting rhythms simultaneous , this is called polyrhythm. Early modern composers wrote melodies in relation to the instruments instead of the voice. Harmonies became more complex during this time. Composers used stacked chords adding as much as seven notes to one chord. These chords were highly dissonant and were known as polyharmony cords. These chords redefined the tonality and needed new ways of organization in music. These chords also could make distinctions with the dissonance and consonance in music.

The fourth movement, “Omnia sol temperat” is sung in a completely different way. It begins with a male soloist singing, accompanied softly by violins. The way Orff chose to display this movement shows that there is no defined rhythm he is following. The soloist singing in a profound masculine voice sets the tone for this movement.

Madrigals are defined four ways in A History of Western Music. The fourth definition, “English polyphonic work imitating the Italian genre,” is what will be covered in this paper but, to understand this definition, the other four must be explored. Madrigals originated as a musical style in Italy in the 14th Century, but, the style came around again in the 16th century (1588-1627), much more popular and extremely more influential than the previous incarnation of madrigals. Madrigals are songs in a poetic setting, such as a sonnet, or, another nonrepetative verse form. Madrigals in England developed at the same time as mass music printing, under William Byrd, although he himself eventually stopped composing madrigals. In volume 15 of the Second Edition of The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, as to the circumstances of the rise of the madrigal, it states: “A favourable literary situation developed in the 1570s, when Spenser, Sidney and other ‘new poets’ undertook a comprehensive reform of native poetry along Italian lines.” From here, Musica transalpina was translated by Nicholas Yonge. Musica transalpina

The de-emphasis of the returning 3 as a passing tone from 4 to 2 lends importance to the incomplete upper neighbor A, supported by IV. This self-contained tonal area stretches over half of the Preludio. A reprise of an opening passage at the initiation of the A prolongation gestures its independence from its surrounding, indeed a smaller organism enveloped within the larger animal. This is evident through the internal auxiliary cadence to A that accompanies the tonal area IV.

The final decades of the fourteenth century witnessed one of the strangest developments on the entire history of music. Characterized primarily by extremes of notational and