Java programming is widely used programming language that has a wide verity of application, such as; Mobile application, Enterprise Application, Desktop applications, etc. Java program was created by Sun Microsystems in early 1990s. It was created to solve the problem of connecting many household machines together. Java is class based and object oriented programming language. Java programming is secure, fast and reliable. It’s free and created for the general purpose.
Object Oriented is refers to a computer programming that defines the data of data structure and the types of functions that can be applied to the data structure.
Classes: A class is specifically set of instructions that allow creating different objects, which define the
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The class identifier should start with capital letter. A class should start in the first column of the line followed by the rest of header information- an identifier in the simplest case. In Java class has two access levels:
In Java class has two access levels:
Public: In class objects are accessible in coding in any package.
Default: In class objects are accessible inside the package. Java keywords: The Java complier recognizes these keywords and treats them special (Fig-1):
Fig-1 (Online http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=java+keywords&FORM=HDRSC2)
Object: Object oriented is a software program that describes the data structure, data type but also the types of operations or functions that can be applied to the data structure. Like that data structure becomes an object, which includes data and functions. Object specifies the behavior that states each class. This program can create the relationship between one object and another, such as; object can inherit characteristic from another object. Object can be written and maintained independently Concepts of Object oriented programming:
Principles: Inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation and polymorphism are the basic principles of Java programming:
Abstraction: It’s one of the central principles of object oriented programming. Abstraction is a process of abstracting the common features of objects and procedures. Abstraction takes away or removes the characteristic from something in order to reduce the
“During the object-oriented analysis (OOA) phase object-modeling techniques are used to analyze the functional requirements for a system and create models which reflect the logical design of the system. During the object-oriented design (OOD) phase of the system, models are elaborated upon to include implementation specific details that show how the physical design of the system will come together. OOA focuses on what the system does (its static structure and behavior), OOD on how the system does it (its run-time implementation).”
This research paper will be focus on different software modeling techniques. Software modeling is concerned with development process of software. Software modeling is central part of almost all activities that took place in software development. These models help us to envision a system according to our requirement by describing the structure and behavior of the system. There are three basic techniques of software modeling; object oriented modeling, dynamic modeling and functional modeling. Object oriented modeling concept start in 1990s, its basic building block is object that is the instant of any class, and here class is a template containing attributes and methods of objects. Classes and their relationships are present in class diagram. As a class have many type of relations with other class within a class diagram. These relationships are about inheritance and some are about
OOPLs have been around since the 1960’s (Deitel, Java How to Program). They handle tasks by viewing them as a group of different objects. Objects are created from a class which could be considered the blueprint. Objects contain data stored in fields, and the procedures which manipulate the data are known as methods. These objects can interact with each other. There are some key elements of OOPLs, such as code reusability. In OOPLs, through what is known as inheritance, code can be reused. Think of a cup, it is an object. It contains a liquid and overflows when it’s full. If you wanted to program a coffee mug, wine glass, or sports bottle, you could reuse the code for a cup though inheritance, then add extra fields
Object-oriented programming is a programming language model organized around objects. And it represents the concept of object that has data fields. The Object-oriented programming is a type of language that is oriented around objects. They do not base their action on the logic that manipulate the object, but on object.
The two programming paradigms we get is Object-Orientated and Procedural. To understand what they are we need to explain what each are and how they operate and what are the strengths and weaknesses of each. Now Procedural Programming languages are referred to as straight programming taking on a read from the top to the end method, whereas Object-Oriented programming use objects and classes. Procedural takes on applications by solving problems from using a top to down way reading the problem from the start and going through everything until the program is finished at the end (Eliason, 2015).
Code Reusability: The object-oriented features allow the high reusability of code. For example, when a new object is created, it will inherit all the attributes and methods of the class of which it is an object of, in addition to all the parent classes of that class.
In 1998 Java has evolved dramatically and it became called Java 2. Also among the most important developments that have been developed in this version its Java capabilities in the graphical interface. As well there have been many developments in this language which still continuously developed. And the aims of Java are: Object-oriented, It provides possibility of running programs written by it as remote computers securely, Create programs with graphical user interface and Software design benefit from all the advantages of the Internet. Java has evolved through the years and it used to making library programs like: Internet Software, Internet pages, Mobile Applications and many
Object orientation is one of the software development model playing role in software engineering. In object oriented analysis there are many problems facing by the software developers in order to replace all these and get the accurate results the developers are following the linguistic analysis. Linguistic completely relates on the set which has the other members included in it of structures from linguistic models and subset of models from the allocated examples. This method divide the information given by the clients and allocates it to the different frame work and then process it. The linguistic data mainly includes the words which focuses to components of object oriented analysis. The natural language information analyses
The need for more powerful and user-friendly software grows exponentially every year. This means that there is a higher demand for better quality and more versatile software. Higher quality software that is versatile and consistent was very difficult to create for developers before object-oriented programming was created. The object-oriented programming method of utilizing objects and methods has revolutionized the way programmers create new applications. By allowing objects to be reusable and flexible, this allows more time to be spent on creating meaningful coding tasks with less time coding GUI’s (Gaddis & Irvine, 2014, p. xvii). Microsoft’s Visual Basic and Oracle’s Java are object-oriented programming languages that are very powerful applications which contain many similarities while having small differences in the syntax and the usage of elements that are common to both.
Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects rather than algorithms, this may contain data in the form of fields. it aims to incorporate the advantages of modularity and
Many programming languages, office information systems, system simulation and artificial intelligence have adopted object-oriented technology. It is an assumption that learning specific development method or a set of tools.
Also, there has been exponential growth due to the increase in number of software systems being described as object-oriented. Many programming languages, office information systems, system simulation and artificial intelligence have adopted object-oriented technology. It is an assumption that learns specific development method or a set of tools.
Object-oriented approach was developed in late 1950’s in MIT to overcome the drawbacks of procedural- oriented approach. Ii is commonly known as OOPS. Now, it has become most preferred programming approach by software engineers to solve real world complex problems. The traditional procedural languages solve problems in terms of the structure of the computer i.e. memory bits and bytes, array, decision, loop rather than thinking in terms of the problem which is to be solved.
We should be talking about the “what is an Object?” before to talk about the what is an Object – Oriented Programing.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) and object-oriented design (OOD) refer to a particular way of organizing programs, one which is rapidly emerging as the preferred approach for building complex software systems (Morelli, R, 2000 pg. 5). Sommerville (2001) gave the following definitions: