Inflation in Iraq
As reported by D. Accustomed Naji al-Hamdani 2013, in a study on Inflation in the Iraqi economy, inflation arises in most cases because of the imbalance and lack of balance between aggregate demand and aggregate supply in the national economy. When commodity supply deficit to meet the total demand of the consumers of goods and services prices rising commodity groups and causing inflation. The greater the gap widening between aggregate demand and aggregate supply accelerates the pace of the rise in inflation rates.
According to a report of Economic Affairs of the United Nations, the inflation rate in Iraq until 2006 amounted to 64.8%. According to the report, Iraq is the country most of inflation among the 22 Arab
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And contribute in particular the policy of economic liberalization that Iraq seeks to apply to incapacitate the monetary authorities in control the prices of the national currency actress Iraqi dinar to strengthen its monetary value and competitiveness in the foreign exchange market.
The crisis experienced by the Iraqi economy is a complex crisis constitute a cause and a result of the crises of unemployment and services and in the failure of the productive sectors and skyrocketing prices. According to the Iraqi Ministry of Planning, the proportion of people living below the poverty line 23% and the number of poor people in Iraq exceeded 8 million, and the unemployment rate more than 20% until 2012.
3.2 Consequences of Inflation in Iraq
Inflation can have significant economic effects. It can, for instance, influence the distribution of national income and wealth. A low and stable rate of inflation is desirable both for the health of the economy and for individual welfare. There are many measures of inflation, each suited to a different purpose.
Inflation - a continuous upward movement in the general level of prices - can impose costs on individuals and the economy.
Before the UN embargo, Iraq was a heavy importer. The chief imports included military ordnance, vehicles, industrial and electrical goods, textiles and clothing, and construction materials. All banks and insurance companies were nationalized in 1964. The Central Bank of Iraq (founded in 1947 and one of the first central banks in the Arab world) has the sole right to issue the dinar, the national currency. (TheFactFile)
Thesis: Iraq is a multicultural country that is located in the Middle East. Iraq borders Kuwait to the south, Saudi Arabia the south, Jordan the west, Syrian Arab Republic to the northwest, Turkey to the north, and the Islamic Republic of Iran to the East. For the past hundred years, Iraq has been in conflict with numerous countries. During the past few decades, The United States of America started its war with Iraq due to terrorist act against the United States and Kuwait. The Gulf War started in August 1990 through February 1991. This was an operation to buildup troops and defense of Saudi Arabia. The United States led coalition forces from 34 countries during the Gulf War against Iraq due to Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. In 2003 the United States invaded Iraq due to terrorist acts against United States. The war went on for over 10 years that eventually brought down the terrorist threat against the United States and its allies. However, this came to numerous casualties and deaths to not only Soldiers, but civilians as well.
The term `inflation' defines a situation in which prices are rising and the value of money is falling. The cause of inflation is due to too much money in the economy ben printed and the high rise in demand. too few goods. An inflationary spiral tends to set in. Increasing prices produce a demand for higher wages: higher wages mean that goods cost more to produce: prices must go up again to pay for the wage increases.
What are the causes of inflation? Inflation has a variety of possible causes, but they are between the Keynesian and monetarist theories, ranging between demand-pull, cost-push, built-in inflation, and the quantity model. With demand-pull, inflation is caused by aggregate demand being more than supply. With cost-push, inflation is caused when manufacturers and businesses raise prices due to shortages in order to balance increases in production costs. With built-in inflation, inflation occurs due to prior increases in prices
Inflation is the sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services in a county, and is measured as an annual percentage change. (Investopedia) During periods of inflation, the prices of products and services will rise. There are several reasons why an economy would see a rise in inflation. Decrease in supplies, corporate deciding to charge more, and consumer confidence are some of the reasons why an economy would see the inflation rate increase. Consumer confidence is when consumers gain more confidence in spending due to a low unemployment rate and wages being stable. Decrease in supplies is when consumers are willing to pay more for a product or service is that is slowly becoming unavailable due to a decrease in supplies. Corporate decisions are when the corporations basically decide
In economics, with the inflation is a rise in the actual general level of prices of goods and services in an economy from over a period of time. When the general price level rise, such as each of the units currency buys fewer goods and services. Consequently, inflation reflects a reduction in the purchasing power4 per unit of money. This therefore means that with the loss of real value in the medium of exchange and unit of account within the given and actual economy. With a chief measure for example and the price of inflation is within the given inflation rate, the annualised percentage change within a general price index over time in which is normally the consumer price index.
Inflation occurs when the general price level of goods and services have increased in a period of time. It is a measurement that signals the current economic situations and whether there is a potential economic growth.
In 2013, the GDP was at an all-time high, even compared to prior the invasion of 2003. Showing that despite several years of stifled growth the long-term effect of the reconstruction of Iraq is starting to look more positive. This contrasts with the previous view that the Iraqi economy has not been successfully reconstructed. This is because Iraq was not a failed state, therefore the Iraqi economy was not disastrous prior to the invasion. Meaning an improvement on GDP is a positive sign. The graph in figure 1 appears to show a similar reconstruction performed by the Hussein administration after the first Gulf War in the early 1990s. Suggesting that the US reconstruction effort has not been much better than an attempt by a corrupt regime which the US eliminated. However, the recent faltered of both the fortune of both the Iraqi economy and Iraqi people appears to correlate with the absent of the US in the country. Signifying that the heavy use of US money and corporations has led to a good short-term development but have led to a problem in long-term development. This is mainly due to a lack of expertise and skills to be able to deal with problems as noted previously. Two main examples of this are the health industry and education, health which has some of the best equipment
Iraq is a war stricken country, with billions of dollars invested in rebuilding the country's bases along with its economy. With $530 billion going into reaching the country's oil production goals. Studies show that 75% of Iraq’s GDP comes from oil production, the highest among major oil producing countries. This is due to Iraq’s growing dependence on oil production and exports. Countries that don’t have diverse sources of income can suffer if the demand for the one source that they depend on falls in the
Domenic Bettinelli Human Geo Scanlan 11/20/15 Dear Mr. President of Iraq Fuad Masum, The condition of Iraq’s demographic state is not good. The literacy rate, especially for women is very low and could be improved upon. The population growth shows the characteristics of a poor country because of the low amount of elderly and the low median age. There are also problems like the low life expectancy. Compared to the United States Iraq’s life expectancy is low. These problems can be fixed to improve your country 's status and raise the standard of living and earn respect from other countries that have listened to my advice. To fix the problems like population the female literacy rate and the low life expectancy and the low median age, you
Prior to the Iraqi invasion, the country under the radical leader Saddam Hussein, despite the Kuwait Invasion by Iraq led to the downfal of the Iraqi economy. The Gulf War of 1991 was damaging for both Kuwait and Iraq, however Hussein remained in power despite his harsh treatment of the Kurds. During the Gulf War, the state of Iraq suffered economic sanctions from the United States which devasted the nation and left many people unhappy with the regime. Furthermore, the sanctions imposed on Iraq also negatively impacted its people as there was an increase in malnuitrition. “ Therefore, the imposition of sanctions post-1990 had a particularly severe effect on Iraq’s economy and food security levels of the population. The State of the World’s Children Report, 1997 (UNICEF) states that the per capita income in Iraq dropped from $3510 in 1989 to $450 in 1996. The average salary dropped to 3 to 6 US dollars per month by 1999, largely due to a rapid depreciation of the Iraqi dinar” (Sen, B, 2003). The country was to experience more instability after the U.S invasion in 2003. The invasion conducted by the United States, led the state into a state of instability. As the regime change made Iraqis unhappy, they destroyed infrastruture and began
Reason is that when inflation in a country is more than that in a competitive country, the exports from former country will be less attractive compared to the other country. This means there will be less sales for that country’s goods both at home and abroad and that will create a larger trade deficit. At the same time, high inflation in a country weakens its competitive position in the international market.
While the Iran-Iraq War during the 1980's may have permanently altered the course of progress in Iran and Iraq, the war also altered the resulting permanent involvement of the rest of the world in the middle-east. The rich and complicated history in Iraq has established numerous cultural and ethnic traditions that all play a part in where the country is today. The Iran-Iraq War brought into focus some of those traditions and how they conflicted, while also bringing Iraq and its economic situation into the spotlight. Being on top of some of the most mineral rich soil in the world makes Iraq a major contributor to the world's economy through petroleum and crude oil exports. This, among other reasons, ties nations
In recent years, the Iraqi nation has endured a crisis that will forever remain in the hearts and minds of the Middle Eastern culture. However, the outcomes of the War on Iraq will not change the long-lasting and passionate traditions and memories that have been held in the country for decades. One major event that happened in Iraq’s history is that on October 3, 1932 Iraq was established as an independent nation. Iraq has always been a country in which respect and generosity have been highly valued and play an important cultural role in everyday life. Additionally, approximately ninety-five percent of Iraqis are Muslim, and therefore Islam is the official religion of this nation (Gutierrez 1). Furthermore, Iraq is a
Inflation is blazing subject that delays the economic development of the country. It is becoming extra hectic to economists, politicians and even people also. Factors on both demand and supply effect the inflation. So the stabilization strategies ought to consequently focus on both demand manipulation as well as