Throughout human history, young men were taught to be the head of the house, the sole breadwinner. Men were taught to suppress their emotions and provide for their family. For many, this daunting role takes its toll, causing herds of unnecessary stress and pressure. Arthur Miller explores the effects such expectations have on men. Death of a Salesman explores how deeply these gender roles set and enforced by society effect the mental well-being of men. As a result of the societal pressures, Willy has become mentally unwell, harnessing many responsibilities difficult for one to bear alone. Willy demonstrates his poor mental health through various psychoanalytical defense mechanisms. Miller demonstrates Willy’s weak mental health through his …show more content…
By deceiving others, one can live a pretentious life in which reality is blocked. This form of defense mechanisms, aided Willy in hiding the reality of his career from his family. For many being demoted is a large change that is often shared with one’s family. Willy, unable to take the blow to his pride and reputation began to borrow money and play it off as a salary. “When he has to go to Charley and borrow fifty dollars a week and pretend to me that it’s his pay? (Miller, 57). Willy underestimates how aware Linda is of his financial situation. His delusion leads him to borrow money from his brother rather than facing reality and accepting the changes to his career. Willy would often play mental games on himself saying things that could never occur in an attempt to deceit others. Little thoughts as Huh! Why did she have to wax the floors herself? Every time she waxes the floors she keels over. She knows that! Willy’s reaction at the sight of Linda waxing the floor demonstrates just how in denial he was regarding their economic status. Despite their disability to hire someone to wax their floors, Willy would often say such things to hid from his failed
A prime instance of this is when Willy feels insulted and responds, “I got a job, I told you that. What the hell are you offering me a job for?” (Miller 43). From Willy’s response, it is evident that he feels insulted, even though Charley just wants to help him out in his time of need. This would influence the family dynamic because any conversation with genuine words can be misinterpreted by Willy and turn into an argument. As a result, Willy’s family will try to resist interaction with Willy to prevent any misunderstandings and preserve any family bonds they have. Dementia is at fault again because the illness has turned Willy into an ignorant old man. Lastly, the final behavioural symptom that Willy exhibits is socially inappropriate behaviour (Lewis 1744). Willy displays this symptom when he yells at Howard and then exclaims “[m]y God, I was yelling at him! How could I!” (Miller 82). After Willy calms down, he realizes his actions were not socially appropriate and in disbelief that he would do such a thing. Willy’s reaction to his mistake proves that he knows the difference between appropriate and inappropriate behaviour; consequently,
Although Death of a Salesman is mainly about a salesman named Willy Loman, the almost hidden presence of the women in the novel goes all too often unnoticed. Linda Loman seems to be the glue that holds the Loman clan together, as Willy, Biff, and Happy are all deluded in one way or another. Arthur Miller depicts Willy's wife in a very specific way, and this is a very crucial part of the story. He depicts the other women in the story in ways that complement Linda's distinct nature. Although Linda's role as a woman in society is extremely limited, she is a heroic character, both wife and mother to some very sad and twisted characters.
Willy’s attempts to become a well-known salesman, which he thought was his rightful position in society, make him a modern tragic hero. In doing so, he eventually loses his salary, dignity, job and in the end, his life. Some elements that lead to his death, are unfaithfulness towards Linda, his inability to travel for his job and, his damaged relationship with his sons. Willy’s fatal flaw is that he is unable to see the happiness in his life and pursues dreams out of his
The play, Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, takes issue with those in America who place too much stress upon material gain, at the expense of other, more admirable human values. Miller uses flashbacks to provide exposition, to foreshadow the upcoming tragedy, and most importantly to reveal character traits. An analysis of the main character, Willy Loman, illustrates the underlying theme that the concern over material success breaks down the bonds between men that form the basis of a smooth-functioning society.
Arthur Miller’s, “Death of a Salesman,” reveals that one’s ability to tolerate losing their identity and self and not being able to adapt to changes in their society shows that it can lead to their downfall. In the beginning of the play the reader gets introduced to Willy Loman, a salesman that seems to be having trouble paying attention to the road while driving. The reader is then introduced to Willy’s son, Biff, who has come back from working as a farmhand out in the West. There is tension between Willy and Biff because Willy feels as if Biff could be more successful. Willy begins to have flashbacks and they are seeming to make him crazy; at this point in the story Willy wakes everyone up in the house, and reveals that he has troubles. These troubles that he has are his wife and job. After this Willy goes to his job
“Death of a Salesman “ by Arthur Miller is interpreted differently by many people. In the critical review titled “Family Values in Death of a Salesman” by Steve R. Centola, he characterizes Death of the Salesman as am a modern tragedy. He draws more focus on the family core values and self-exert. In his analysis, he states that as the humans try to be competitive, they have dehumanized the American dream and have turned it into an urban nightmare. He claims that the author simply tells a story of a dying man who wants to justify the purpose of his life before he meets his death. He states that the consequences of his choices are a challenge he has to overcome to attain what he needs. Centola points out that through the realization of what Willy Loman values, it is easy to discover the reason for the conflict between him and Biff. He refers to Death of a Salesman as a tragedy of a human struggle that is rooted in the metaphysical and also based on the social and psychological concerns. He also asserts that by discussing the values of Willy Loman, readers will be able to identify the reasons behind Willy’s agenda to perform suicide.
The story ‘Death of a Salesman’ written by Miller focuses on a man doing all he can to allow him and his family to live the American dream. Throughout the story it is shown how the Loman’s struggle with finding happiness and also with becoming successful. Throughout their entire lives many problems come their way resulting in a devastating death caused by foolishness and the drive to be successful. Ever since he and his wife, Linda, met she has been living a sad and miserable life, because she has been trying support his unachievable goals. Also by him being naïve put his children’s lives in jeopardy and also made them lose sight of who they really were. Miller uses the Loman family to show how feeling the need to appear a certain way to the public and trying to live a life that is not really yours can turn into an American nightmare.
Husbands and wives assume a vow of support for one another as they embark on a lifelong journey together through the ups and the downs. In Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman, the main character, Willy Loman, is an aged and failing salesman attempting to provide for his family without asking for help from anyone. His wife, Linda Loman, is one of the most intelligent and levelheaded characters in the play. Although her husband treats her poorly at times, she ceaselessly supports him and does everything in her power to ensure his happiness. Linda understands Willy’s declining mental health and knows that he is becoming less stable each day. Through her continued support of Willy and his unrealistic aspirations, Linda allows Willy’s mental decline to continue without attempting to keep him in check with reality. By ignoring Willy’s mistakes, failures, and blatant suicide attempts, Linda permits Willy’s disconnect from reality to continue until she is freed by his eventual death.
In his play Death of a Salesman, Arthur Miller uses “the common man as a fit subject for tragedy in the highest sense” (Lawrence, Trudeau and Ross Vol. 1) and failure in the accomplishment of the American. The play tends to recline more in the direction of masculinity where men’s sole role is to get a job and support the family and the woman be seen and ordered which brings out the idea of traditional gender roles at its best. Though this is the case, it is very evident that women played an important role in this play. Although every character in the served and had a main purpose, women served a major role not only as subjects of submission and satisfaction who helped define who the men really were in the 1940’s but also as elements of support and wisdom.
Willy Loman, the central character in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, is a man whose fall from the top of the capitalistic totem pole results in a resounding crash, both literally and metaphorically. As a man immersed in the memories of the past and controlled by his fears of the future, Willy Loman views himself as a victim of bad luck, bearing little blame for his interminable pitfalls. However, it was not an ill-fated destiny that drove Willy to devastate his own life as well as the lives of those he loved; it was his distorted set of values.
The eyes of the reader are opened wide after reading Thomas Foster’s How to Read Literature like a Professor and applying it to a text. There are many elements in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman that go unrecognized by the normal reader. Using the tactics presented by Foster, one can realize that there is much meaning and symbolism in Death of a Salesman. The overall theme in Death of a Salesman is the American Dream and how many people of the time period were desperate to achieve it.
Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman follows protagonist Willy Loman in his search to better his and his family’s lives. Throughout Willy Loman’s career, his mind starts to wear down, causing predicaments between his wife, two sons and close friends. Willy’s descent into insanity is slowly but surely is taking its toll on him, his job and his family. They cannot understand why the man they have trusted for support all these years is suddenly losing his mind. Along with his slope into insanity, Willy’s actions become more aggressive and odd as the play goes on. Despite Willy and Biff’s “family feud”, his two sons Happy and Biff truly worry about their father’s transformation, Happy saying: “He just wants you to make good, that’s all. I
Arthur Miller wrote many plays in his time, but one in particular, written in 1947 and directed in Beijing in 1983, was the “play that established him as a great American playwright” called “Death of a Salesman”. This play was about the difference between a New York family’s life in reality and what they dreamed it would be. An old man, by the name of Willy valued popularity and his friends way more than skills or even a real personality. His goal was to die a man that had all of these things, and he ends up killing himself in the end. Miller’s goal was to “take the audience on an internal journey through the mind, memories, fears, anxieties of his central character.” “Death of A Salesman” has been very popular for over a decade, performed internationally, and was even produced into movies (Kristofoletti). Many people remember this play because of how inspiring it was, also because it did not compare to any other of the ones he had ever written.
In his play, Death of a Salesman, Arthur Miller employs many symbols to illustrate the themes of success and failure. They include the rubber hose, the tape recorder, and the seeds for the garden. These symbols represent Willy's final, desperate attempts to be successful and the failure he cannot escape.
Throughout Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, Willy Lowman sought to attain the American Dream, but his distorted view of Marxist control ultimately provoked his physical, material, and mental destruction. Lowman, a middle-class salesman, husband, and father of two shared the ideology of many American’s, an ideology that hard work, dedication, and likeability was attainable regardless of social class, or life circumstances. Yet, the multiple distortions Willy associated with this dream combined with regressed emotions eventually led to his demise. It is easy for one to assume that mental illness is simply a disease, but the debate surrounding its correlation to social status and the unattainability of goals has never been so vividly