Final Exam Essay

6. Your patient has a respiratory disease that has literally paralyzed the cilia. Explain why this patient would be at an increased risk for a respiratory infection. What type of treatment might you want to give to this person? Please be specific.

lung cancer with 120.6 per 100,000, which is lower than the state rate of 169 per 100,000

7. What is the prognosis for the disease or disorder (a) without treatment and (b) with treatment?

According to A Breath of Hope Lung Foundation, lung cancer is the world’s deadliest cancer and most people are diagnosed in the later stages when it’s hard to beat. Less than 18 percent of lung cancer patients live five years or more after a diagnosist, and 450 South Dakotans die each year from lung cancer, the health department reports. About half of those who develop lung cancer never smoked or had already quit.

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death not only in the United States of America but globally.1 According to the World Health Organization 8.2 million deaths in 2012 were cancer related and of those deaths, 1.59 million were due specifically to lung cancer.2 In 2014, there was a staggering 224,210 new reported cases of lung cancer in the United States alone. The 5-year relative survival has a 49% to 2% variability depending on the type of lung cancer, stage, and location. The two major types of lung cancer are Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCL), which consists of 85% lung cancers, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which makes up the other 15% of lung cancers. NSCL is an epithelial lung cancer that is histologically comprised of adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.1 Both NSCL and SCLC are insidious in nature and the presentation will usually be vague or nonspecific and include the following symptoms: cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, weight loss, recurrent infections, coughing up blood, hoarseness, and wheezing.

Estimate the indicated probability by using the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution.

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. An astounding average of 1.6 million deaths occur due to lung cancer every year, making it the most common type of cancer worldwide (1). Lung cancer is broadly classified into two types: small cell and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). 85% of all lung cancer cases are NSCLC. NSCLC has several different histologic subtypes, some of which are: squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. Of the three, adenocarcinoma accounts for more than 50% of all NSCLC cases, making it the most common subtype of NSCLC (2).

Lung cancer is a deadly class of disease that is specifically composed of uncontrolled cell growth in the pulmonary extremities of the body (Crosta. 2009). When left untreated, the abnormal lung tissue eventually develops into life-threatening tumors (Crosta, 2009). Lung cancer is a disease that is particularly caused by smoking, nonetheless there are cases where it is simply developed naturally. The disease can severely harm the health of an individual over the course of years. In addition, researchers have determined that lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among both men and women (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). As of today, about 210,828 people in the United States have been diagnosed with lung cancer (CDC, 2015). In 2012, about

Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in both men and women, but chance of a women getting is 1 in 16 and for men it is 1 in 13. Nearly 400,000 people in the US are living with lung cancer. At least 81% of those living with lung cancer are over the age 60, but fewer than 2% of all cases are found in people younger than 45. African-American men are about 40% more likely to develop lung cancer than Caucasian men, and the rate is about the same for the women. The lung cancer rate has been dropping among men for many years and is just beginning to drop in women after long period of rising. Lung cancer don’t have any relation to me, but I wanted to look up cause a lot of people in my family smokes. So, I wanted to see if smoking had anything to do with lung cancer, so I could try to explain to my family members how serious lung cancer

Lung cancer has been the most common cancer in the world for several decades. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) estimates for 2012 was 1.8 million new cases which constituted 12.9% of the total number of new cancers diagnosed worldwide. Fifty eight percent of which occurred in the less developed regions. Lung cancer remains the most common cancer in men worldwide (1.2 million, 16.7% of the total) with the highest estimated age-adjusted incidence rates in Central and Eastern Europe (53.5 per 100,000) and

cancer. The hypothesis to the second research question is no, a diagnosis of lung cancer is not

Lung cancer has a high mortality rate throughout the world due to the late recognition of the disease in patients (1). The major cause of lung cancer is cigarette smoking,

Lung cancer develops in individuals with a genetic predisposition to the disease who are exposed to cancer-causing agents, such as tobacco smoke, asbestos, and uranium. Cancerous tumors may start in the bronchi, bronchioles, or in the alveolar lung tissue. If lung cancer is detected before the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, treatments are more effective, and the prognosis for full recovery is good. Unfortunately, 85 percent of lung cancer cases are diagnosed after the cancer has spread, and for these cases, the prognosis is very poor.

become emphysema, there is a also statistics that the person will pass away within five years with a probability of forty to sixty percent. Furthermore, it is said that the possibility that he will live in ten years is about forty percent. In addition, since emphysema is said to be one of the causes of lung cancer, it can be said that smoking is also related to lung cancer. As is well known, currently, there are no effective treatment for cancer. Smoking habit is the main cause of lung cancer. The probability of a smoker becoming lung cancer is said to be about ten times more than that of a non-smoker. Also, smoking hurts their own DNA, that is, the risk of lung cancer extends to offspring. There may be people who think smoking cessation

Every year, 136,000 American die of cancer and about ninety percent of lung cancer are caused