Exercise Physiology and Training Programs.
Research Report
The contents included in this report will outline; the meaning of fitness, components of fitness, measurements and evaluation of physical performance capacities, the three energy systems, oxygen consumption and delivery, training methods and training principles.
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Table of contents
Contents
Table of contents 1
Part A 2
Introduction 2
Part B 2
Touch analysis 2
Part C 3
Fitness components and energy systems 3
Part D 3
Process and effects of training 3
Part E 4
Evaluation and conclusion 4
Bibliography 5
Appendices 6
Appendix 1 6
Appendix 2 7
Part A
Introduction
Exercise physiology, as explained by exercise.com, is the study of how the body reacts to physical
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Part B
Touch analysis
Touch Football was only formalized in the 1970’s and is now played in all of Australia. Coaches of Rugby teams used variations of for offseason activities. The game came to be known as Touch Rugby/Football, now simply known as touch. The main differences in the rules of the game of touch and rugby league is that there is no tackling you have to touch the attacking player instead, kicking is not allowed, the dummy half cannot get touched and the ball is not allowed to drop to the ground.
In the game of touch there are three positions and two players at each position on the field, the positions are middle, link and wing. The main roles for the middle are to ruck/drive the ball down the field in attack and to close down the defence. The predominant energy system used at a professional level is the lactic acid system but as they are subbed off regularly and at a senior high school level we do not have the luxury of enough players to sub on the energy system used changes to the aerobic system. Knowledge of rucking patterns and organisation helps make a great middle.
The key roles in the position of link are to set up tries for the wing position and controlling the defensive and offensive line. The focal energy system used by the link position is the lactic acid system. The ability to find gaps in the defence separates good links from great ones.
Lastly, the wing position, finishes off the set plays by scoring
The relationship between the principles of training and physiological adaptations has a significant impact on performance. Many factors need to be addressed in a training program to make it a successful one for a particular athlete and thus improve their performance.
Brooks GA, Fahey TD, Baldwin KM (2005). Exercise Physiology: Human Bioenergetics and Its Application. 4th Edition
ii) Describe why each of these fitness components are needed to perform in this sport successfully.
Evaluation of the Components of Fitness and an Analysis to Their Relevance of Touch Football
After reviewing the data from the fitnessgram state test, the students need to improve their fitness levels. Between the six different fitness components, the assessments showed that students are struggling the
Without the movement of the lower body, a shot would end up anywhere but the back of the net. The lower body helps a player produce a straight shot so the ball winds up leaving the stick in the direction that the shooter intended.
After being tested for power and speed through a timed 20m sprint; coordination, balance and agility via a T-test and cardiovascular endurance by running the beep-test my results came back as average across the board. My 20-metre sprint time of 3.32 and beep-test result of 12.4 both came within the range of all ATA players’ results of 2.9 to 3.4 and 12.2 to 14.3 respectively (12PEMoodle, 2015). However, my agility results came back as slower than the range of all ATA players. As a result, this means that I am less equipped for the positions link and centre, as they both require, not only agility, but also balance and coordination too. Balance and coordination predominately derive from experience playing touch football, which I have a limited amount of. Reasons for my below average results could have been due to the testing being done on dewy morning grass without studs to gain traction in high speed situations like the speed and agility test. Touch football has three positions, middle, link and wing. Middle and link share the same physiological characteristics being: coordination/balance, agility, power and anaerobic endurance, whereas, wing is slightly different, requiring speed, cardiovascular endurance as well as agility and power. Training for the four main components of fitness for wing is the key to
Athletic Trainers Athletic trainers have very interesting jobs. They get to travel around and meet sports teams and the military. And if they aren't that kind of Athletic trainer, you get to meet interesting people and learn about their injuries that can or cannot be related to sports. The work environment for athletic trainers varies. Some athletic trainers work in educational settings, such as colleges, elementary schools, and secondary schools.
In this assignment I will be reviewing the different effects of exercise on the body system including the acute and long term using the pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise physiological data which I collected based on interval and continuous training method. I will also be including the advantages and disadvantages of these, also the participants’ strengths and areas where they can improve on.
You’re now in the last 5 minutes in a soccer game and it’s a tie between the 2 teams. You don’t want to go over time so you need to think and use your body at the same time. A team member passes the ball to you but the other team’s defence is coming towards you. What do you do? Stories like “What is Better than a Touchdown?” and “Why we Run” can relate to these situation. Although, thinking and using your body are both equally as important when it comes to sports.
I say this because the table shows touch football has
They move the skeleton bones, accordingly to the directions given by the cerebrum. At the same time, the joints allow the bones to move as the cerebrum instructs. As a result, the player is able to kick the ball in the required direction (Watkins, 2010). Next, as the player runs on the field, his brain recognizes that a physical activity has begun, which cue the sympathetic nervous system response. At the same instance, adrenaline is release into the player’s blood and begins coursing throughout the body. This causes the player heart to beat faster, the lungs breathe more deeply than the usual, and the diameter changes in his blood
The energy to perform exercise for periods of more than 10 minutes comes mainly from aerobic metabolism (1). VO2max is a reproducible measure of an individual’s cardiovascular system’s ability to deliver the required oxygenated blood to a large muscle mass involved in exercise (1). The determination of an individual’s VO2max is commonly used to assess levels of physical fitness, as well as develop and monitor training programs for athletes. The submaximal tests have an error of plus or minus 10% which makes them invalid for the purpose of long term training studies. For clinical screening purposes the use of submaximal prediction tests is a viable option. There are three main advantages to using submaximal testing. Submaximal testing does not take and individual to his or her maximal limits, which greatly reduces the chance of a cardiovascular accident, especially in older subjects. In addition expensive laboratory equipment is not needed, and more subjects can be screened in a given period of time.
Physical fitness has two main classifications-performance related and health related. People have different performance related requirements in accordance with their occupation but all people have the same health related requirements (The World). Then there are two types of exercise that helps tone a person’s body while increasing its endurance. These are aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic exercise is exercise that uses the muscles and bones. Cardio activities are a good example of this, such as running or biking. This type of exercise increases the strength of a person’s heart and boosts their lung capacity. Anaerobic exercise is an intense but short amount of exercise (Payment). Since it is only for a brief amount of time, it does not require the amount of oxygen aerobic exercise does. Instead it uses glycogen which comes from the sugar in a person’s blood. An example of this exercise is weight lifting or sprinting. A person’s requires both anaerobic and aerobic exercise for good health. Simply doing a cardio work out is not healthy, and for a person to see real results there must be some activity like weight lifting (“Anaerobic”).
I have a close friend who is a Ranger and he sent me a detailed workout for new recruits, one that will try you and push you to the limits if you dare to try it. For those of you looking to develop an Arnold Schwarzenegger body this is not for you. The only thing you 'll find here is hardcore, boot-camp training that will give you stamina and strength.