EGYPTIAN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (EASs) vs IFRSs
History
For Private Sector
For Public Sector
In 1985
• IASs were informally introduced to the Egyptian market by the representatives of the big 8 at that time.
• Unified Accounting System (UAS)
In 1992
• Issuance of law 95 for 1992 (Capital Market Law) imposing the use of
IAS.
• Unified Accounting System (UAS)
In 1997
• The 20 standards drafted by ESAA were issued by Minister of Economy in compliance with IASs with 4 deviations
*
• The preface of EASs stated that any subject not dealt with in the EASs, IASs should be applied.
• Later, 3 more standards were drafted by ESAA and issued by the minister with the withdrawal of 3 standards withdrawn by IASB.
In
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EAS is silent regarding the accounting treatment for acquisitions between entities under common control.
Capital lease
Under IFRS, lease classification depends on whether substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of a leased asset have been transferred from the lessor to the lessee. Under EAS, the leased asset is recognized in the lessor books and depreciated, and the lessee recognizes lease payments in the income statement in the period in which it is paid.
Profit sharing to employees and board of directors
Under IFRS, profit sharing to employees and board of directors is recognized when incurred in the income statement (using the accrual basis of accounting). Under EAS, profit sharing to employees and board of directors is recognized as a dividend distribution through equity and as a liability when approved by the relevant company’s shareholders meeting.
ESAA’s standards committee started a project to update EASs to comply with changes and additions to IFRSs. It is expected to completed this project by end of 2010.
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Before deciding to fully adopt IFRSS, in 1996, the AASB issued Policy Statement 6 International Harmonization Policy with objective to ‘pursue the
Therefore, until definitive guidance on accounting for emission schemes is issued, an entity applying IFRS has the option of either: Applying the principles of IFRIC 3; or developing its own accounting policy based on the hierarchy of authoritative guidance in IAS 8 Accounting policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.
Case 11-6 deals with Lessee Ltd., a company that operates in Britain and uses IFRS. The question in this case is how to classify a lease that Lessee, Ltd. acquired from Lessor Inc. The accounting standard that deals with leases under IFRS is IAS 17. IAS 17 was originally issued in September 1982 and was reissued in December 2003. It classifies leases as either finance leases or operating leases. Finance leases make it so that the lessee recognizes an asset and a liability and the lessor recognizes a receivable, basically transferring all the risks and benefits of ownership. Under operating leases, the lessor still recognizes the asset and the lessee recognizes an expense.
According to the Notice to Constituents (v4.7), the FASC Codification was released on July 1, 2009 and became effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.
The first sub-type lease from the standpoint of the lessor is a direct financing lease. To be classified as a
The determination of whether an arrangement is or contains a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement and requires an assessment of whether the fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and whether the arrangement
SEC content is differentiated from FASB content in the Section equivalent to the Codification content of hierarchy. However, the number of SEC’s section is classified as FASB’s but it is anticipated by the letter “S”.
When an asset is leased for most of its useful life, then most of the benefits and responsibilities of ownership are transferred to the lessee. It is assumed that 75% or more of the expected economic life of the asset is an appropriate threshold point for this purpose. This could be a problematic because the lease term is not really certain, it may be renewable beyond what was initially stated or it may be cancelable after a specific
While implementation date is proposed for 1st of January 2018, there is a lot of uncertainty of how “different companies and auditors will interpret these criteria” (Nebel & Tysiac, 2014). Companies have two options to adopt the standard. Their first option is to adopt “a
Finally, three more additional criteria that IFRS has that U.S. GAAP does not includes, the leased asset being of specialized nature such that only the lessee can use it without major modifications being made, the lessor’s losses are borne by the lessee upon cancellation, and finally, gains or losses from changes in the fair value of the residual value go to the lessee. For example, a rent rebate that equals most of the sales earnings at the end of the lease (IASPlus.com).
The Update defines a lease as a “contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment (an identified assets) [that the customer has both the right to obtain
The following new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations became mandatory for the first time during the financial year beginning 1 January 2015. All were either not relevant for XYZ or had no material impact on the financial statements of the group:
The new accounting standard IFRS 16 on leases is different in IAS 17 in many aspects. The adaption of this new IFRS will be applicable from 1st of Jan 2019. The thoroughly discussed standard has made attempt to bring the single model of accounting for Lessee the will discourage the off balance sheet financing and the on-balancing sheet reporting will be enhanced. However, on the Lessor end the accounting model has
These leases are classified under which the company assumes substantially all of its risks and rewards of ownership. [IFRS 2016 Project Summary, P 3] On Recognition, assets held under Financial Lease are measured at amounts equal to the lower of their fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments since the commencement of the lease, a corresponding liability is also established. After initial recognition the asset is accounted in accordance with respective accounting
The current IFRS model of “risk and reward’’ describes how to assign the risks and rewards to lessors and lessees. Accordingly, this model results in an off-balance sheet approach to lease transactions. IAS 7 also