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Differences Between Spanish And French Colonies

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During the European age of expansion in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, various European nations were colonizing the newly discovered Americas. Spain and France would become prominent players in the Western Hemisphere, both conquering and colonizing new territories. However, each country had different methods of developing their colonies in the New World. Spanish and French settlements contrasted greatly with one another in terms of economic development and Native American relations. The economies of Spanish and French colonies differed from one another, considering their geography. For example, the Spanish established colonies in the south, while the French mainly established colonies near present-day Canada. The differences in …show more content…

Spain’s colonies developed a profitable agricultural industry. In the warmer surroundings of the south, a variety of crops such as sugarcane and tobacco were cultivated on plantations. The French, on the other hand, had little success with farming. Instead, their fishing and fur trade was more advantageous, and the French formed a trading alliance with the local natives. To protect their economic interests, in 1627, the king of France gave the Company of New France a fur trade monopoly. Despite these differences, both Spanish and French colonies shared the similarity of mercantilism. The discovery of gold and silver in the Americas led the Spanish crown to strictly regulate trade in the colonies. Likewise, France used various mercantilist policies to control the flow of trade. For example, Jean Baptiste Colbert, the chief minister of Louis XIV from 1661 to 1683, prohibited the export of money, and promoted French shipping. In addition, he encouraged the export of raw materials from French colonies to France. The trans-Atlantic …show more content…

After observing local natives, the first Spanish conquistadors came to the conclusion that the Native Americans were barbaric and in dire need of Christian teachings. Thus, Spanish colonists made it their mission to convert the local natives to Christianity, using violence when there was resistance. In 1597, there were a series of uprisings by the Guale Indians in present-day Florida. They destroyed many missions, explaining that the Spanish missionaries had attempted to eliminate their religious practices such as feasts and celebrations. The Spanish also oppressed the Native Americans, and used them as a labor force under the encomienda system. The French, on the other hand, are known for their peaceful alliances with the Native Americans. Colonists established trade agreements with the local natives, obtaining raw goods such as fur and timber. Their peaceful relationship may in fact be attributed to the Spanish; the “Black Legend” of Spanish cruelty towards Native Americans made other European countries eager to prove themselves different. The French took pride in the fact that they treated the Native Americans more humanely than their Spanish counterparts. In addition, the French were not interested in expanding their territory, unlike the Spanish. They were simply looking for trade opportunities, and a mutual relationship with the Native Americans was advantageous. The primary goal of Spain

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