Executive Summary
Demographic Subcultures
Consumers identify with many groups that share common characteristics and identities. These groups that exist within a society are subcultures, and affiliation with them often gives marketers a valuable clue about individuals’ consumption decisions. An important part of the identity of these subcultures is clothing. Consumers’ feelings about their overall economic prospects, as well as the state of mind consumers have about their own personal situation, otherwise known as consumer confidence, helps to determine whether they will save their money, purchase goods and services, or take on debt.
Cultural Influences on Consumer Behavior
Because a consumer’s culture exerts such a big influence on his
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A consumer’s lifestyle refers to how his or her tastes and values are reflected by consumption choices and how he or she chooses to spend money and time.
Communicative and Symbolic Nature of Fashion
Fashion reflects how people define themselves as well as our society and our culture. It is responsible for consumers changing their furniture, cars, wardrobes, and music. It is important to keep in mind that fashion processes affect all types of cultural phenomena, including all types of products, not just clothing and accessories.
Celebrity Endorsements in Fashion
For celebrity campaigns to be effective, the endorser must have a clear and popular image. In addition, the celebrity’s image and that of the product he or she endorses should be similar, researchers refer to this as the match-up hypothesis.
Online Consumer Behavior
The Internet is transforming the way consumers interact with companies and with each other. Online commerce allows us to locate obscure products from around the world, and consumption communities provide forums for people to share opinions and product recommendations. The benefits are accompanied by potential problems, including the loss of privacy.
Social Media in Fashion and Trends
The explosion of social media in fashion has transformed the industry 's branding and fan base. Nowadays, the public can watch fashion shows streamed live at home. It is now possible to
This bond that is created between the viewer and a celebrity helps understand the effectiveness that endorsements have where marketers have failed. The celebrity builds character in the eyes of the public and that character carries on into the product he is endorsing, and even though a part of the persuasion has to exist in the product itself, but a celebrity uses his status and the character he has built to gain credibility and likeability among the target audience. This character the celebrity transfers to the product is known as the “meaning “(2). The transfer of the meaning to the product goes through three stages. The first stage is in finding the celebrity with the desired meaning that they want to carry to the product this requires casting from the wide world of celebrity endorsers. The second stage is choosing which celebrity embodies the meaning the marketing campaign requires for the product, this stage is subject to expense restraints and availability. After deciding on an endorser stage three is the most complicated stage as in this step the endorser has to be able to transfer that meaning into the product, they have to make this meaning “available to the consumer in a material form”(2), this stage allows the consumer to accept the meaning they are given and accept the product and you use is a tool to build their own character. These three steps not only
It is known to be true that the best endorsements achieve a deriving ideas, style and taste between the product and the celebrity. Giving a brand an appearance is more than just a marketing strategy to increase sales; it is a decision that can change the outcome of the brand for the
We come across many different cultures and fashion in our society. Some may indicate that the culture influences one’s fashion while others may oppose and state that each aspect stands alone. Fashion and culture fall into the following identity categories: chosen and assigned. Culture affects many parts of an individual, in some cases you can determine an individual 's culture by their speech and clothing; in addition to traditions and the environment in which they were raised. Whereas fashion may be impacted by culture and tradition, but it may also not interact with culture at all.
The fashion industry is rapidly growing and constantly generating new fashion trends almost weekly. Fashion for some may seem ridiculous and unnecessary; but fashion is not just a meaningless usage of article of clothing or farcical materials sew together for coverage. There is more to fashion than meets the eyes, fashion is precious and significant. It is a reflection of self-image, it speak the ream about who we are and how we review ourselves. Not only is fashion the reflection of self-image but also the reflection of our history as Coco Channel have said, “Fashion is not something that exist in dresses only. Fashion is in the sky, in the street, fashion has to do with ideas, the way we live, what is happening.” Fashion
The importance of American fashion lies in the fact that it has been a major influence on music and advertising industries and it has also been a recurring trend throughout the years. This leads to a greater impact that influences our peers to establish their own taste in style. This is shown in many different features such as hair, clothing, and shoes. People become obsessed with colors, brands, and design that all those to express themselves, making them feel connected to the fashion world.
Today, fashion choices plays a major role in influencing the self-perception of different people. In order to understand how this happens, it is a good idea first to ascertain what self-perception is. This is the view of an individual about themselves as well as the physical and mental attributes that make up the individual. The theory of self-perception holds that individuals tend to develop certain attitudes through making observations of their own behavior as well as making conclusions of the attitudes that have led to them. One of the elements that influences self-perception is fashion choices. This is what this research paper will be based on. The paper will examine in details how fashion choices influences the self-perception of different people.
People’s attitudes can be influenced by the culture they are apart of, this is because individual thoughts, actions and feelings are influenced by social groups (Social influence, n.d.). This is also known as social influence which can contribute to the development of our attitudes as it may encourage members to change their beliefs, thoughts and feelings. People can conform with people in culture to have the same attitudes. Conformity can be formed through direct interaction between family, friends and teachers as well
Lifestyle - The term lifestyle is a simple way to discribe the way groups of consumers spend time and money. Elements such as opinions, attitudes and activities are broad components of lifestyle choice. For example, being a pet owner is a lifestyle choice. In general, there are a boragge of pet care businesses ready to exploit that particular lifstyle choice. However, some cities, such as Los Angeles and San Fransico have an overal more pet friendly environment than most suburbs. While a retailer
As technology continues to progress fashion evolves right alongside. Before the invention of the tv the way to spread different styles and outfits was through sketches and designs. By this means it would take extended amounts of time to spread ideas of fashion from one place to another. The influence of technology on the fashion industry cannot be overlooked. Fashion is being rapidly offered to consumers at an amazingly fast rate. Nowadays anybody can have anything they want within the reach of a button on a phone or computer screen, fashion is instantaneous. It used to be following style patterns included venturing to the far corners of the planet in a group of 10 to create a
Celebrity endorsements are one of the most famous methods of marketing used today. Celebrity endorsers are being used in about 25% of all the advertisements that we can see on the television. Marketers are investing large sums of money to have a contract with the celebrities as they believe that celebrities can affect the chances of success of a product. (Erica Weintraub Austina*, 2008) Kiakati
When you think of the word fashion, what do you think? Do you think about outrageous runway outfits? Cocktail dresses? Tracksuits? Whatever your impression of fashion, it is obvious that fashion plays an important role in today's society. We are judged by our clothing and appearance on an everyday basis, so why not make the most of our choices?
Celebrity endorsement is a billion dollar industries today (Kambitsis et al., 2002) with companies signing deals with celebrities hoping that they can help them stand out from the clutter and give them a unique and relevant position in the mind of the consumer. According to Solomon (2002), the reasons for using celebrity endorsement involves its potential to create awareness, positive feelings towards their advertising and brand. Research has shown that celebrity endorsement can have an impact on the consumer’s attention, recall, evaluations and purchase intentions (Atkin and Block, 1993), Celebrity endorsement is a widely used tactic in marketing and much research
Social and cultural changes are major determinants of emerging fashions. However, they are themselves affected by the other drivers of change that include globalization of world markets and accessibility of more sophisticated communications technologies. The latter has provided people with faster and wider access to more ideas and influences from other cultures and societies, driving demand for wider choice in fashion products.
Furthermore there are other researches as well which suggest that the approach of using a celebrity to endorse a product can not be viewed as a general practice of using any celebrity for any product endorsement. Pornpitakpan (2003), while discussing match-up hypothesis, describes the results of a study by Erdogen et al (2001) which suggests that "British advertising agency managers considered various criteria like celebrity- target audience match, celebrity-product match, overall image of the celebrity, cost of hiring the celebrity, celebrity trustworthiness, controversy risk, celebrity familiarity, celebrity prior endorsements, celebrity likeability, risk of celebrity overshadowing the brands, celebrity expertise, celebrity profession and celebrity physical attractiveness". A match between the target market and the endorser is important for effectively transmitting right message to target audience. For example, the advertisements which are produced by Pepsi, are mostly targeted for youths and so the celebrity endorsers that they use in their advertisements are young personalities. The match up hypothesis goes true for the multiple celebrity advertising as well. A good example of this is the Pulse Polio campaign taken up in India to eradicate the polio
There are four main factors that influence the consumer’s behavior; cultural, social, personal, and physiological. These factors determine what the consumer will buy, why they buy an item, and if they will be a return customer.