Chainobead lab

Enzymes are known as protein catalysts. The name protein catalyst suggests that most enzymes are made of proteins. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. (Giuseppe, M 2002, p.69). After a reaction has been catalyzed, the catalyst can be used again to catalyze the same reaction. Enzymes reduce the activation energy (minimal energy) it takes for a reaction to take place. Enzymes can either catabolize (destroy), or anabolize (build up) a chemical system.

Enzyme catalysis is dependant upon factors such as concentration of enzyme and substrate, temperature and pH. These factors determine the rate of reaction, and an increase in temperature or pH above the optimum will

2) Yes, the rate of gas production increased as more yeast was added, since more enzyme was able to convert hydrogen peroxide more quickly.

Enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being altered in the process of the

When transferring the solutions into the boiling tubes you must touch the surface of the solution with the bottom of the pipette, this means that all the solution is added to the tube and therefore will increase the reliability.

The motive of this lab is to attain a better understanding of enzyme activity by timing chemical reactions in certain temperatures and pH levels. Enzymes act as catalysts that help speed up reactions. Without these enzymes chemical reactions in metabolism would be backed up. There are two factors that affect an enzyme’s reaction rate: temperature and pH levels. In this label we will be testing different pH levels and temperatures to see which ones cause the most reactions.

Enzymes are a key aspect in our everyday life and are a key to sustaining life. They are biological catalysts that help speed up the rate of reactions. They do this by lowering the activation energy of chemical reactions (Biology Department, 2011).

Enzymes are proteins produced by living cells. They act as catalysts in biochemical reactions. A

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect temperature has on the Catalase enzyme’s ability to catalyze hydrogen peroxide production and turn it into oxygen as well and to determine at what point denaturation of the enzyme starts to occur. Catalase’s ability to catalyze hydrogen peroxide was tested at 4 different temperatures: 0, 23, 37 and 55° Celsius. Enzymes are the catalyst in many cellular reactions. They speed up the reaction in other molecules by making the activation energy barrier they have to overcome less.

Enzymes are proteins that serve as biological catalysts in a wide variety of life sustaining chemical reactions that take place in cells. A catalyst affects the rate of chemical reactions, by lowering the activation energy required to make the reaction occur. In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, a substrate is a molecule that temporarily binds with the enzyme at an area on the enzyme called the active site. Each enzyme catalyzes only one specific reaction because there is only one type of substrate molecule that fits perfectly in an enzyme’s active site. The substrate temporarily joins with the enzyme to form an enzyme substrate complex. The substrate is then converted to its products and the enzyme is released. The process is then repeated with another substrate molecule. Different conditions may change the how the enzyme catalyzes, either making it slower, faster, or not catalyzing at all. The purpose of the enzyme lab is to measure the enzyme rate in different conditions, the pressure of the enzymes, and how much hydrogen peroxide is used in a chemical reaction.

An enzyme is a protein that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. This enables the reactant molecules to intake sufficient amount of energy to reach the transition state. The reactant that an enzyme acts on is referred to as the substrate. After the substrate molecule binds to an enzyme to form an enzyme-substrate complex, the enzyme converts the substrate to products of the reaction. The reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme is very specific meaning that the enzyme will only bind to its specific substrate. For example, sucrase, an enzyme, will only bind to sucrose molecule. This specificity is due to a molecular recognition mechanism and it operates through conformational as well as structural similarities between the enzymes and the substrate.

An enzyme is a catalyst. Catalysts are known for speeding up the rate of reactions by lowering the activation energy of the biochemical reaction. (Reece et al., 2011)

Enzymes, as catalysts, escalate the rate of the chemical reactions within cells. As such, they reduce the time that a thermodynamic reaction takes to reach equilibrium. Additionally, enzymes are not consumed in the chemical reaction, a feature that makes them catalysts.

Enzymes play an important role in chemical reactions. Chemical transformations would take place at a profoundly slow rate if enzymes were to be absent (Madden, Fox, p. 41). When the enzymes work to speed up the reactions the reaction process does not deplete them though. There are factors that can change the activity rate for enzymes. Some of these factors include: the pH of the reaction system, the temperature of the reaction system, and the concentration comparisons of the substrate and enzyme (RSC, section 4).

Almost all enzymes need specific conditions for them to function. The conditions include temperature, pH level, and concentration of salt. Enzymes have optimal conditions. If they are changed, the enzyme may denature and deactivate. If that happens, the enzyme would not be able to catalyze the reaction, and the reaction rate would decrease (Worthington 2010).