Case Study: Eutrophication and Infamous Dead Zone of Lake Erie The year is 1975 and since it’s a hot summer day, Jane and her family decide today is the perfect beach day. The gang of eight drive to one of the beaches on Ohio’s Lake Erie coast. The four children wildly gallop from the hot sand into the lukewarm waters of Lake Erie. However, after two minutes of playing water tag, three of the children soon notice that bright green algae covers the water that surrounds them. Jane and her husband, Donald, yank the boys back onto the beach sands. However, the youngest boy seems to have disappeared under the beach waters, still attempting to play tag with his siblings. Jane jumps over uprooted trees and branches into the turbid waters and finally …show more content…
Unlike the nitrogen and carbon cycles, the global phosphorus cycle is unique in having no significant or stable gaseous phases or atmospheric component1, 2, 6. The redox potential, or the measure of a substance’s ability to acquire electrons, of most soils is too high to allow for the production of phosphine gas, the gaseous version of phosphorous2. As a result, Phosphorus is not involved in redox cycling7. Therefore, this biogeochemical cycle primarily describes the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, which includes the interactions between elements of the two other spheres and life on …show more content…
Phosphorous contained in these shallow ocean sediments can either flow through ocean food webs or can become incorporated into deep ocean sediments which will eventually be uplifted by plate tectonics and start the phosphorous cycle all over again. As previously mentioned, the phosphorus cycle has no atmospheric component. Since phosphorus has no stable atmospheric gas phase, unlike the case for other nutrients such as nitrogen and carbon, ecosystems have to depend primarily on aqueous transfer of this critical nutrient6. Similar to on land, phosphorous is a regulatory element for plant growth in aquatic systems. Dissolved marine phosphorous is a limiting element for biological productivity6, 7, 8 and is probably the most critical regulator of ocean productivity throughout geologic history6, 8. Following the nutrient profile in the world’s oceans, phosphorous concentrations are approach zero in surface waters while phosphate concentrations increase in deep water. The carrying of eroded soils by rivers delivers phosphorous to the oceans. This riverine phosphorous is usually in particulate forms and dissolved forms. Most particulate phosphorous is fixed within mineral lattice thus is unavailable to the active cycle. Consequently, most of the phosphorous weathered from Earth’s continental crust travels to the oceans remaining unaltered. However, the outcome of organic phosphorous
Pollution is the presence of dangerous and unwanted substances in the ecosystem that causes imbalance and health hazards to the living. Water pollution is the presence of unwanted substances or particles in water, which causes imbalance in water systems. Lake Huron is among the largest fresh water sources in the States located in North America.
“Greasy Lake is a short story written by T.C Boyle. The short story mostly focuses on three nineteen-year-old boys. The three of the boys went one night on a summer vacation in an area close to a shiny and muddy lake. The teenagers were looking for trouble on a summer evening and end of finding it. In the story at the author tells the reader, that it was a time when it was "good to be bad." But the story shows that the three boys are truly lost. The story shows the reader the changing of time in culture that these teenagers want to be a part of. Even though, they lack to leave the comforts of their upper middle class lifestyle.
Greasy Lake, musty, fetid, and uneasy to one’s eyes, still intriguing to explore. This lake was mysterious, yet it was a clear invitation for these teens. It was the only place where one could go and not worry about the real world, it was as if it was fantasy. As grimy and evil the lake was they still felt an attracted to it because it was a mirror reflection of their lives. Digby and Jeff did not know what they wanted to do with their lives, lost, young, and hopeless. In addition, these kids wanted an adventure, wanted to stop thinking about school and real life. These kids wanted an escape, yet in Greasy Lake they actually found how cruel the real world is. The nineteen-year-olds felt like they did not care for a single thing and as they
Many contaminants settle out of the atmosphere, such as acid rain, the pollutants and nutrients will transport from distant places by air depositing into the lake as the form of rain. The first pollutants as atmospheric deposition on the Great Lakes were phosphorus. It is found that about 20 percent phosphorus entering Lake Michigan comes from the atmosphere by determination of rain, snow and dust. Since phosphorus pollution generated by this approach cannot be controlled, so it is more urgent to reduce the phosphorus content of detergent, sewer and effluent fertilizers. People found fish in a lake of Lake Superior in a remote island containing PCBs and toxaphene, and this place isolated with no direct way to pollution. This determines the long-range transport of pollutants through the atmosphere and settlement in the lake. In fact the processes of material transport through atmospheric was very complex. For instance PCBs was insoluble in water, so as to re-enter the atmosphere during evaporation or connected together into small particles. A lot of PCBs volatilize from the lake, meanwhile, PCBs coming from various parts of the air mass experience the sedimentation on the lake. Other than that the contaminated sediment is another way to cause pollution of the lake. This is problems of the most urban industrial areas. Even if there is likely to remove severely contaminated sediments in
Water column phosphorus concentrations have also been shown to increase under anoxic conditions (Webb, K.L. and D'Elia, C.F. 1980). This is because some of the iron oxyhydroxides that
Have you ever thought when you litter you could be polluting a whole lake! In 1972 Congress passed a law tightening regulations about factories and pollution. Forty-five years later we still are having problems with pollution. Lake Erie was so polluted that “Lake Erie Is Dead” started to appear in headlines of newspapers in 1960. Lake Erie’s name was replaced by “Dead Lake” due to the condition of the lake. In 1972 Lake Erie’s mess inspired the Congress to pass the Clean Water Act. Now in 2017 conditions of Lake Erie has not improved.
Lake Erie had become extremely polluted and it needs your help! Because in the 1960 people dumped all their trash and pollutants into the lake. So the effect of that is it get blue green algae. People called lake erie the burning lake or the dead lake Lake Erie contained increased levels of phosphorus and nitrogen and the city took steps to improve its sewer system and better monitor water quality and fisheries sports anglers pulled five million walleye from the rejuvenated lake every year.Lake Erie had become polluted due to the due to heavy industry.
Lake Erie is vary imported to but yet we keep messing it up. We messing by putting pollution in Lake Erie and if it's a hot day algae can bloom and could mess up the water system and make fish swim away and you won't be able drink water or take a bath and a lot of animals the that use Lake Erie as a ecosystem. Lake Erie is dead with no fish because the pollution is so bad that the fish swam away from Lake Erie and the water is unsafe to drink.
Since the 1960’s, Lake Erie has been recovering from its unhealthy state and it’s public status. Lake Erie was terribly polluted that lead to fires and algae which was something locals were not happy about. Lake Erie’s water even got to the point of restriction. Pollutants were being dumped and phosphorus, fertilizers and pesticides were leaking into rivers that would later lead into Lake Erie. “As a result of these pollutants, Lake Erie contained increased levels of phosphorus and nitrogen, which contributed to eutrophication - a process that encourages the development of algal blooms.” (Rotman). Lake Erie was even known as the “burning river” or even the “dead lake”.
The Devil’s Swamp Lake (DSL) Superfund site (Site) was proposed to be placed on the National Priorities List (NPL) on March 8, 2004. Devil’s Swamp Lake is a constructed, crescent-shaped lake located on the east bank floodplain of the Mississippi River, approximately 10 miles north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The Site location is shown on the Site vicinity map included as Figure 1 . A Site plan is included in Figure 2 .
Based on the notes we took in class, the activities we did, and the Journey of X, X is Phosphorus. Phosphorus is a chemical element. In the journey of X, X spent the majority of the journey, in soil, or surface water. The abiotic reservoirs for the phosphorous cycle are soil and surface water. This alone eliminates the water and carbon cycle because they don't have soil as there abiotic reservoirs. Nitrogen is in the atmosphere, and phosphorus is not found in the atmosphere. Throughout the whole journey of X, X was never in the atmosphere. That means it is not Nitrogen. This clearly shows how X is phosphorous.
One issue that I am passionate about is the environment. Not only does our environment provide resources but it also affects our health directly. Living in Southern Western Ontario allows easy access to the Great Lakes that not only provides a scenic landscape but as well economic and resource based benefits. The Great Lakes has faced many challenges such as algae blooms, invasive species, and water pollution. These issues not only directly affect the water quality, and organisms living in that ecosystem but as we consume these organisms it also indirectly affects us. The Great Lakes provides more than half of the worlds freshwater and the fishing industry contributes tremendously to Ontario’s gross domestic product. These issues not only directly
The phosphorous cycle in land starts in rocks, as the sedimentary rocks contain a lot of phosphorous. Through weathering, phosphorous leaves the rocks and is dispersed throughout soil and water. Plants use the phosphorous from the soil and this helps drive chemical processes in plants, such as ATP. Through the food chain, animals consume the phosphates through plants. After animals have taken in the phosphates, they are passed as waste and return to the soil. Phosphates also return to the soil after the death of an animal as it decomposes. The phosphorous cycle in water is rather similar, though not as helpful. Since phosphorus does not dissolve very easily and is usually found in water do to runoff, natural mineral deposits, wastes, and sewage seepage. These phosphates settle at the bottom of the body of water that they end up in. Aquatic plants use these phosphates and they go through the food chain as they do on land. However, too many phosphates in a shallow body of water can cause
Dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water moves towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually nutrient-depleted surface water (Vizcarra, 2015). Changes in the force and direction of ocean currents will affect the availability of nutrients. The top layer of the ocean collects the warmth and energy of sunlight, while the bottom layers collect the rich, nutrient-filled sediment of decayed plant and animal matter (Vizcarra, 2015). These nutrients are carried by the conveyor belt to other ocean regions and supply nutrient rich materials to areas that would have low amounts of nutrients if the thermohaline circulation didn’t exist. Ocean life is dependent on these nutrients for sustainment.
Biogeochemical cycles are important to the sustainability of all life. Chemical elements necessary for the growth and reproduction of all organisms have a limited quantity on earth at any one time, other than the occasional meteor that brings with it new matter. It is therefore important that the recycling of these chemical elements is efficient. Autotrophs are the basis of almost all ecosystems. The rate that autotrophs produce and transfer energy is vital to the capacity of organisms that can inhabit these ecosystems. To understand the rates in which certain species’ leaves decay and release the energy stored within them can demonstrate how quickly the energy becomes available to organisms in higher trophic levels.