Modules 1-3
Module 1: Psychology's History
1-1 Prescientific Psychology Early philosophers had questions similar to ours today
Plato and Socrates thought that the mind and body were separate and that mind keeps going after the body dies, later Rene Descartes agreed and did experiments to prove it
Francis Bacon from Britain was also interested in the mind and did experiments
John Locke said that when we are born our mind is empty This helped form empiricism which says that what we know comes from experience and that observing and experimenting enable scientific knowledge
1-2 Psychological Science is Born
1879- Wilhelm Wundt was working on a machine testing how much time it takes people from when they hear a sound to when they press a button
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Descartes agreed with Aristotle which became the more popular opinion
Charles Darwin: Natural Selection
Nature selects the traits best for a certain environment and reproduces
Applies to both structures and behaviors
2-2 Psychology's Three Main Levels of Analysis
Since there are different systems there are also different levels of analysis
Lots of research forms an put together biopsychosocial approach which realizes the biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
Each level stresses something else and they are each a new perspective
The different perspectives
Behavioral- What event makes someone act the way they do
Biological- Study brain circuits or how our inherited traits affect our temper
Cognitive- How our view of the problem affects our temper
Evolutionary- How anger was important in our survival from our ancestors
Humanistic- How angry feelings affect a person's growth potential
Psychodynamic- Would see a tantrum as a form of unconscious hostility
Social-cultural- How the social contexts affect anger
2-3 Psychology’s Subfields
Different kinds of researchers including
Psychometrics: A branch of psychology measuring our abilities, traits, and attitudes
Basic research: Helps build psychologist's base
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Can work in a place such as a school or even research at a zoo- it depends
Psychometric and quantitative psychologists- Study how we learn and how we test. May work at a college testing company, research company, or for the government
Social psychologists- Study how we interact with others, how we influence people, and how people influence us
Applied research subfields
Forensic psychologists- Use their knowledge to help with law enforcement, lawyers, consult the jury, and more. They are clinical psychologists but may have also studied law
Health psychologists- Help people stop smoking, lose weight, improve sleep, stop pain, not spread std’s and more while promoting a healthy lifestyle
Industrial-organizational (I/O) psychologists- Study how people’s work environments affect them. Can help workers improve efficiency
Neuropsychologists- Work with people with diseases and and find out how the brain’s activity affects your behavior
Rehabilitation psychologists- Work with people who don’t fully function as they used to
School psychologists- Help kids with many different types of problems in school
Sport psychologists- Study what influences sports participation. Can help athletes reach their potential
The helping
Checked vital signs, administered medication as schedule, and reported accurate recording of patient weight while gathering collected routing specimens for the immediate supervisor.
Health psychology is a diverse career field; psychologists can be employed anywhere from hospitals to research to influencing health care. “Health psychologists… conduct clinical interviews and behavioral assessments. They may also participate in interventions with individuals or groups — for example, programs to help people reduce stress, quit smoking and avoid sedentary behaviors…They may study the causes of health problems and how to prevent them, or explore why certain groups don’t seek care when they need it. They may also help patients understand and come to terms with a diagnosis, or follow a treatment regimen in order to increase the probability of their full recovery (American Psychology Association). Health psychologists have a broad spectrum of people to treat as they treat people with mental disorders and create treatment plans for people; health psychologists need to understand all parts of psychology to provide effective care for their patients because health psychologists research, test people, and help their patients gain skills so they can better take care of themselves.
In Chapter 7 of our What Is Psychology textbook, we learned about the importance, details and strategies of memory techniques. One type of memory is Short Term, which only last up to thirty seconds before forgetting. Whenever has to remember a number or a name, they often repeat the information multiple times so that the Short Term Memory can transition into Long Term Memory. In order for this transition to occur, the information must be constantly repeated, or important enough to be held in the permanent memory, which helps create a “folder” with all retaining information and reminiscing. Another way short term can become long term is using a method called Chunking, this breaks the bigger pictures into smaller ones for the brain to remember,
This makes a huge point to my argument. Psychologists are people who learn about why human beings think what they think and do what they do. They help to stand up for people who have been put down by society.
Although there is an inordinate amount of diverse types and areas of specialization in psychology, such as Clinical Neuropsychology and School Psychology, the overall idea is the study and research of the human mind and behavior. Psychology is known to aid those who suffer from a variety of mental illnesses while also helping people to comprehend better the mind and how exactly the brain operates; some believe such study is both ineffective and unethical. Majoring in psychology opens the door for various career opportunities since “there are over 200 classified forms of mental illnesses” that are “on a continuum of
I have always been fascinated with the human mind and by its influence over the body. I want to go into the medical field and I feel like that in order to help people to recover from physical trauma, I must also be well versed in how the body impacts the mind and vice versa. Every time the body is damaged their is a psychological response and every time there is psychological trauma their is a physiological response. I chose psychology in order to understand this connection between the mind and the body, which could increase my chances of helping
In the nineteenth century Wilhelm Maximillian Wundt was the founder of the newest science of the time, which was psychology, he wanted to separate psychology from philosophy. Wundt did a lot of contributions in making psychology to become a real science; another thing that made psychology become a new science is the extensive propaganda for Experimental Psychology (Benjamin, 2014, p.66). He established the first laboratory of experimental research in psychology laboratory in Berlin at the University of Leipzig. He had a journal called Philosophical Studies and he wrote the first book in the field of psychology Principles of Physiological Psychology where he talked about the new science of psychology
They need to have knowledge in many fields such as psychology, biology, chemistry, mathematics, and therapy/counselling.
Philosophers of the seventeenth century continued to pursue answers to psychological questions. **Rene’ Descartes** believed the mind and body were two separate entities that interacted via the pineal gland. His theory became known as **dualism**. Other seventeenth century philosophers such as **Thomas Hobbes** and **John Locke**, believed that human behavior resulted from physiological processes originating in the brain and nervous system. They believed when a person sees and feels things the body and mind act as one, a theory known as
According to the American Psychological Association, health psychologists “help patients manage stress, chronic disease and avoid preventable diseases” by “incorporating psychological theory and research to develop methods to assist patients in maintaining healthy lifestyles”(Uyemura, B (2011.). Psychologists have the knowledge needed to help a patient develop their aspect of their existence and be able to live with stress or illnesses. Health psychologists strive to work to avert several different medical issues such as, making
Psychology is for someone who cares about those around them, is willing to help people through hard times, and has a hunger and curiosity for what is happening in others minds. It is like finding someone curled up in a blanket and slowly having to unwrap them to find out who they truly are and if you are lucky you get to stay there with them so they have someone to lean on. I would love to help someone unwrap from their blanket and let people in and to help them because in return for letting them lean on you, you are able to lean on them. Psychology will give me the tools that I will need to make my mission of having a difference in the lives of everyone I meet and will allow me to unwrap those burritoed in
Introduction to Psychology has taught me everything I thought it would and I can’t wait to continue studying psychology. Although I had a sense of the material that would be taught being that this class is an introductory course, I was still amazed at the different things that I learned. During this course I learned the essential topics in psychology,the history of psychology, and the study of human behavior and the mind. The history of psychology goes back all the way to 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt opened the Institute for Experimental Psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany. Wilhelm Wundt was, and still is a very known and respected man, he is considered “The Father of Psychology.” Since then, many different types of psychological studies, and applied psychology has appeared.
“Forensic psychologist concentrates on the relation between psychology and crime” They study the motives of the criminals and try to find the reasons behind their behavior so that the criminals can be helped and in future such behavior can be prevented in the society. They also try to counsel and support the criminals and try to tell people to hate the crime not the criminal so that hatred can be minimized from the society.
To be a psychologist is to study how and determine why people process emotions, cognitive and social issues as well as their behavior. Psychologists do this by
Let’s first start with what a psychology is and what psychologists do. “The study of psychology is so vast that no professional or scholar can master parts of it.” Psychology is the science of the mind, embracing all aspects and unconscious experiencing as well as thought. Psychologists work directly with those experiencing difficulties, such as mental health disorders including anxiety and depression. Psychologists also look to see how to explain and understand thoughts, emotions, feelings, and behavior. Psychologists are very effective on people’s lives when they have qualities such as communication skills, observational skills, patience, people skills, trustworthiness, and problem-solving skills. Some psychologists are even trained hypnosis, which is effective many conditions including pain, anxiety, and mood disorders. There are many different types of psychologists such as clinical, developmental, social, and school psychologists. These different psychologists work with different people and study different things. “Clinical psychologists work with people with emotional and mental problems.” “Developmental psychologists study the way people grow and change from birth through