Ap Biology Lab 9: Transpiration Essay

1.  (a) Independent variable’s include, the color of the mice’s coat, the color of the soil, and the amount of moonlight, which are included on the x axis.  (b) The dependent variable is the number of mice caught, which changes with the difference in moonlight or color contrast.  The dependent variable is located on the y axis.

The independent variable for the experiment was the paper towels. The dependent variable was the absorbency and strength. The constants for the experiment were the size of the paper towels that were used, the amount of water, the size of the beaker, the size of the cylinder and the amount of the weight.

In an experiment, there are variables that need to be controlled and observed. They are the independent and dependent variables and the control variables. The independent variable is the variable that you are testing. The dependent variable is what you observe for change. The control are the ones that stay the same. In the experiment “Will the growth of the plant be affected by the color of the light”, the plant that has the white light will be the control variable, while the plants that have different light colors will be the independent variable which is what is being tested. The dependent variable will be the growth of the plant since that is what you are measuring or

What 3-5 ways to maximize the amount of water collected from leaves? (Answers may include location, size, type)

The independent variable for the experiment is the alcohol being burned. The dependent variable is determined by the results of the independent facto, therefore it is the energy which is being released through the combustion of the reaction. The final variable is the controlled or the constant variable. The controlled variable is a factor of the investigation that the conductor would prefer to keep constant through the experiment, the controlled variable is the volume of the water in the conical flask. The accuracy of the results will depend on all three of the variable, as they are a crucial part of the experiment.

Most desert plants have a highly developed root system for absorbing any available moisture. Saguaro is a species of cactus, which are the most common xerophytes in the hot desert. Saguaro, the biggest species of cactus in the world is “enable the collection of up to 200 gallons of water during a rainfall”2, it has a shallow but extensive root system. These roots can also keep this cactus anchored when rainstorms come and the soil becomes saturated. Another adaptation that some plants, known as phreatophytes have developed in the hot desert is extremely deep root systems which are considered the deepest roots of all the plants that grow in the desert. These deep roots can help to absorb water from deeper underground which is not available to other plants. Moving to more visual physical features of eremophytes, the leaves of desert plants “tend to be small, thick and covered with a thick cuticle”3. Plants use their leaves for photosynthesis to turn sunlight energy into energy for growing. The small leaves of eremophytes allow photosynthesis for plants to convert energy but can also reduce water loss from moisture evaporation. The thick leaves can absorb and

The purpose of this lab was to figure out how capillary action affects the amount of H2O in a cup that is sucked up by a plant. The Hypothesis was: If the celery is placed in a cup of 100 mL of H2O and left to sit for 3 days, then the amount of H2O in the cup will decrease. This is because capillary action forces the H2O up the stem and into the leaves, where the H2O is used in photosynthesis to make sugar. There was no control and only experimental groups. The dependent variable is the amount of water in the cup. There is no dependent variable. The constants were: the celery, the cup, the environment, the food coloring mixture, the air, the water, unit of measurement, and the measuring cup.

Sit down and relax, young child. This may take a while. First, us plants like to sit and absorb water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight. We take the water in through our roots or leaves, and the carbon dioxide through the Stomata, which is on the leaves too.

in a desert climate have some mechanism that allows them to cope with water stress. Some plants

PRW plants can have a range of different uses of the water they are capable of producing. For instance, one of the main ways we

Water is essential to all life on earth, especially plants. However, plants cannot gallop up to a stream and slurp water from its bountiful bends as a horse would. Plants require a certain mechanism called capillary action.

Stomates are the tiny purse in the plants leaves. Stomates release oxygen and intake carbon dioxide through the tiny opening and closing purse. Photosynthesis is the process of the gas exchange through the stomates. The negative effect of the opening stomates is the amount of water lost, although the water loss through the stomates is necessary and is called transpiration. This process cannot be avoided but luckily plants can control the amount of water lost by controlling when and how big they open. The stomates open when the outside environment concertation is just right to try and avoid large water loss and the stomates don’t open at all when the outside temperature is hot as it would lose large amounts of water. On the stems of woody texturised

In order to survive in the desert region, the plants and animals (flora and fauna) need to adapt to the environment. In the hot deserts, prickly pears open their stomata of their leaves only at night where the evaporation rates are the lowest. Cacti are able retain water. The Joshua tree has extremely

“In the same way that humans have bred plant species together over the centuries to create oats, maize, and wheat, so too can we breed desiccation-tolerant (the ability of an organism to withstand or endure extreme dryness or drought-like conditions), drought resistant crops in the Eragrostis (a family of perennial grasses) family without having to go the genetically modified route.” She explains that all plants have the genes that enable tolerance to periods with a lack of water, but most only use them when they make seeds. Resurrection plants, however, can also switch these genes on in their leaves and roots whenever water isn’t available. In response to desiccation, the cellular activity in resurrection plants can be summarized as: Dehydration -> Activation of desiccation related genes -> Alterations in metabolism (Accumulation of protective solutes such as sucrose, trehalose, and proline that stabilize proteins and cellular membranes. Production of antioxidant compounds such as galloylquinic acids. Biochemical alterations in membrane and cell wall composition.) -> Production of protective proteins (“dehydrins” and “expansins” that help preserve the structure of the cell walls of the

To protect from water loss vascular plants devolved the cuticle, which is a waxy surface material that is exposed to the plants surface. The stomata also help in avoiding desiccation by closing if there the plant does not have a lot of water. Vascular plants also developed the seed that has a protective coating on it so that it does not dry up and is part of the plants reproduction. The plasmodesmata also aids in helping the plant avoid desiccation. Animals must keep hydrated to avoid desiccation. They must consume plenty of water so they so not get dehydrated. An animal’s skin also helps it in avoiding desiccation. If the animal is an amphibian it must keep its skin moist and usually lives around