Annotated Bibliography On Lifespan Developmental Psychology

The expected pattern starts at 0-3 years where a child is expected to develop the most. They have little control over their bodies at 0-1 years and are dependent on their natural instincts eg: sucking, grasping.

     Going back forty-five years is not an easy task to complete because I can’t remember some of the finer details of my childhood. I know I was born on a hot August afternoon in Birth Year at Place Of Birth in City ands State. My mother was just twenty-two at the time and was already the mother of two, I was her third child. My father was twenty-one and already a workaholic, I know because my mother would constantly remind me not to be like that. My mother and father were good parents and they tried to give us the best upbringing they could. My father was the kind of person that believed he should provide and protect his family, and he did a very good job of doing that.

“Oprah Gail Winfrey is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist. Winfrey is best known for her multi-award-winning talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, which was the highest-rated program of its kind in history and was nationally syndicated. She is also, according to some assessments, the most influential woman in the world.” (Henry, 2007). In this paper we will discuss at length about her personality, her heredity vs. her environment, and how they have played a crucial role in Oprah Winfrey’s life and psychological development.

Deciphering which theory of personality best describes Princess Diana was difficult. Her life seemed to be just beginning after marrying Prince Charles and becoming a mother. However, I did choose Erickson’s theory simply because his method extends throughout the life-span and is divided into different stages. The quantity of conflict within each stage determines the extremity. With each stage marked by inconsistencies, a successful resolution will result in a positive end result. The fifth stage of Erickson’s theory is Adolescence; 12-18 years of age. The conflict is identity versus confusion, and this was rather difficult for Diana; she experienced long periods of loneliness and depression. Everything changed for her during this period of

Oprah’s success and achievements is also an example of interactionist approach, from poverty to wealth, from sexual abuse to social icon, and overcoming mistakes by hard work ethnics and efforts. She has

Lifespan psychology involves the study of changes that take place over the course of a human’s entire lifespan by examining how people change and how they may remain the same throughout the various stages of life. One of the most interesting aspects of our development occurs during the time of adolescence as it defines the transition between childhood and adulthood. While progressing through adolescence, we develop physically, cognitively, emotionally, and socially. Most people may be able to move through adolescence with little to no disruptions along the way, however, for others it’s not quite as simple. As it stands, statistics show that there are also a fair number of individuals who encounter major disruptions during their adolescent development

Piaget stated that from birth to age 2, an infant’s knowledge of the world is limited to their sensory perceptions and motor activities, thus the child learns about him/herself and his/her environment through motor and reflex actions. Thought derives from sensation and movement. The child learns that he/ she is separate from his/her environment and that aspects of his/ her environment, the parents or favourite toy, continue to exist even though they may be outside the

Perceptual abilities were thought to be only developed in the later year of infancy until new techniques for studying infant perception proved this theory wrong and that infants have the ability right after birth. Physically newborns can see 7-15 inches away, which is also the distance that the parents face is when holding the newborn. Infants sight will keep expanding as they continue to grow and the by age one it is said that their visual perception will be at the point where their vision is the best it will ever be. Infants show their interest in visual perception by looking at patterns and objects for long period of times than they do with less vibrant objects and colors Patterns are a lot more visual for infants than just plain colors

So many children this day in age, are sat in front of a television or a tablet and expected to keep quiet. Children are built to explore, move, and learn from their experiences, and this cannot happen when a child is inside, being distracted by technology. No matter how busy parents are, they should find at least thirty minutes a day to go outside and play with their children. If the weather does not permit outside play, then playing games inside is always a great alternative. Parents should be encouraging their children to develop the motor skills that they are going to need in order to succeed in school and later in life. Many parents encourage the development of their children’s gross motor skills by involving them in sports, dance, or gymnastics. These programs are great for not only teaching children how to be good at something they love, but they also encourage children to develop their motor skills. If parents find that they cannot afford programs such as these, they can focus on providing multiple opportunities for play. For example, one day they could go to the park or they could go over the neighbor’s house to play. Ultimately, the best thing that parents can do to encourage the development of their children’s motor skills is to allow them to play as much as possible and to allow them to try new activities, even if they are

Children acquire most of their motor skills from school, which is where they spend most of their time growing up. School settings can enhance motor development in children through play using toys available to them, however, some school environments can also inhibit motor performance. Children have the opportunity to improve and learn new skills from manipulating different objects as well as can practice intertrial variability from playing with others. In order to better understand the concept of motor development in children, a naturalistic observation can be performed. Depending on the environment, certain motor skills can be refined, while others can be repressed. Haywood and Getchell (2014) suggest

Operant leaning plays a role in helping experts assess the cognizance behavior of premature infants. Babies born at an early gestational age do not learn in the same fashion as babies do that are born at a later gestational age. In premature infants, research has shown that they learn at a different rate than babies who are born full-term. Experts have been able to test this theory by assessing their reaction to stimuli.

The major principles of a lifespan development theory are: Freuds' psychoanalytic theory, Erikson's psychosocial theory, Piaget's theory of cognitive development, and Vygotsky's socialcultural theory. Each theory in particular showcases different aspects of a persons' experience while growing up in life from a young age to adulthood. Freuds' theory believes that unconsciousness is what determines someone’s personality and behavior. This is just one example, as each given theory deals with something of different. If we take the psychoscial theory and put it beside the psychoanalytic theory: The difference is easy to spot. Eriksons' theory deals more with others where as Freuds' deals with ourself. With Piaget's theory, it is more drawn to the

The focus will the development of a baby’s visual system from the moment of birth to one-year-old of age, including depth perception and color vision. Similarly, the main disorders present in infants will be discussed along with their treatments, and advice on how to determine if a child may have a defect.

The life span developmental theory is a framework that provides information and helps others to understand how humans age over their life course. Humans begin aging at the start of infancy. Therefore, every day the body grows older. It is essential for humans to maintain good health to prolong their years of life. The purpose of the theory is to view and explain different factors on why humans age (Encyclopedia, 2017).

Growing up we use our key senses to understand and live in the world around us. After birth newborns eyes are still developing and cannot make out fine details far away. Newborns vision is around 20/240, but by 6 months their vision clears up to around 20/40. At birth infants are genetically programmed to know who their mother is and by three months they can match voices with their gender and ethnic groups. Along with being better to distinguish voices, newborns sense of colors also enhances with age. Perceptual vision is very important for infant eye development. This is necessary because without this ability they would see an “object at a different distance or in a different orientation, they would perceive it as a different object” (Santrock 161). There are two main factors for this size constancy,