1. Adobe – a mixture of clay/earth, water and various organic material that is molded into small blocks and dried in the sun. Used to construct dwellings, bricks being fused with a mud made of a similar formula. Its versatility, durability, uniformity, heat efficiency and simplicity to make / use / repair led to a widespread use. Popular with Native American tribes in a variety of locations.
Near the end of the Archaic Period, many Native American groups began to accept and implement agriculture, as it provided a more reliable source of food. With the creation of planting fields came the creation of permanent villages, and thereby the need for a new and more suitable building material: adobe. Adobe provided long-lasting and efficient shelter
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When the remnants of the Anasazi tribe migrated east, they brought with them their rich culture and unique art, architecture and ideas that majorly influenced the societies that would be formed by their descendants. These multiple tribes were known collectively as the Pueblo Indians, and were flourishing when Columbus discovered the New World. The Pueblo Indians were one of the many native groups that had their land colonized by Spain and were enslaved and converted. However they would be the first to stage a successful revolt, and drive fend off Spain for almost twelve …show more content…
Astrolabe – a complex type of inclinometer in the shape of a sphere or large circle used to chart the positions of stars, planets, moon and Sun, which could then be used to estimate location (use triangulation) and time. Originally invented around 150 B.C., it was greatly developed in the Islamic world. Similar, the marine astrolabe, a large disc shaped instrument used for navigation while at sea. The astrolabe was vital for the Spanish, French, and English exploration of the New World. It allowed them to estimate their location, an important asset that allowed them to venture further and further inland without losing their bearings. The marine astrolabe was crucial in the accurate navigation to and from the New World. Without the marine astrolabe the Spanish, French and English would not have been able to efficiently colonize the New World, as they would be unsure of their landing points and could easily become hopelessly lost at sea.
ECONOMIC - by helping the European countries discover and colonize the New World, it indirectly helped / harmed their economies with the riches the poured into the exploration teams and any riches they reaped from their
It was during the time period that Christ was born that the Anasazi Indians appeared in the Four Corners area which is the area where the boundaries of Arizona, Utah, New Mexico and Colorado meet. For the over a thousand years the Anasazi thrived and built their homes into the side of cliffs. These cliff dwellings could only be reached by climbing and made for a great defense system against enemies; some dwellings reached five stories in height and contained hundreds of rooms. Many of the elaborate cliff dwellings and terraced apartment houses built of stone, mud, and wood that dot the Four Corners region still stand today and date back to about 9,000 CE., but the people who comprised this desert culture did not begin to settle into an agricultural lifestyle until around A.D. 400. The Anasazi, which is a Navajo word meaning “the ancient ones”, likely received corn, squash and beans, which are a prime source of protein, added to their diet and the knowledge to raise them from their southern neighbors in Mexico. Vegetable crops provided a reliable food source that made an increase in population possible and also allowed time for other interests such as religion, art, ritual, public works and handicrafts. This allowed the Anasazi society continued to evolve and progress. The ancient ones also possessed beans, a prime source of protein and new varieties of corn. Other innovations included the bow and arrow which eventually replaced spears and at least two varieties of dogs
The Iroquois used nature and their natural resources to provide shelter. The Iroquois made their homes called longhouses from what was around them. In Document #1 it states that they made their homes from sticks and bark, the plant fibers. No scrap of material was ever wasted, it was always used for something else.
1. According to Adam Smith the discovery and colonization of America affected the economic development by the increase of its enjoyments and augmentation. The surplus produce of America, imported into Europe, furnished the inhabitants of this great continent with a variety of commodities.
The Pueblo Indians lived in the area of America that is now named New Mexico. Just like the Wampanoag Indians in Massachusetts, the Pueblo Indians tied spirituality to the land they lived on. Their creation story shows some of the spiritual bonds to their land. “…With the aid of Badger and Locust, the sisters climbed though a hole in the ground and at once created the mountains, lakes, and canyons of Pueblo country” (Sando 22). Since the Pueblos believed that their people had actually
13. What important directions and coordinate systems help you find your way around the sky?
“My people are few. They resemble the scattering trees of a storm-swept plain...There was a time when our people covered the land as the waves of a wind-ruffled sea cover its shell-paved floor, but that time long since passed away with the greatness of tribes that are now but a mournful memory.,” Chief Seattle Speech of 1854. The culture of the Native American people has been deteriorating ever since the Europeans arrived in the Americas. The impactful and immense loss of lifestyle that they faced is one that can never be recovered, what the United States has given them are generations of trauma and blatant suffering. However, the U.S. did not stop there, a multitude of cultures have been broken to help keep America pure. For instance, one of the most significant cultures that have been dismantled by the U.S. other than the Natives and their music were the languages and music of the African slaves. The apparent likeness of these two cultures in the ways in which their deconstruction impacted them is in more of an abundance, such as the dominating influence of the Christian religion and the gravely vital role of maintaining what little heritage they could through language. In contrast to this, the two groups had an opposing difference pertaining to how the Natives and slaves tried to compensate the immense loss of their culture through the generations.
First invented in Greece, the Muslims fully developed the astrolabe around 800. The valuable tool allowed locating and predicting the position of the sun, moon, planets, and stars from a specific site. As a navigation instrument, the astrolabe proved invaluable and it aided Muslim sailors. Further, the astrolabe made accurate mapping and surveying possible. In fact, it helped Muslims map the whole eastern hemisphere and estimate the size of the entire planet for the first time. In the early 12th century, Muslims introduced the astrolabe to Europe thereby advancing that culture as
During the age of exploration there were many highly important inventions being made and also being used. One of the inventions from this time period is the astrolabe. The astrolabe is an ancient astronomical computer that was used mainly by navigators to solve problems in relation to not only time, but also problems relating to the position of the sun and the stars (“Morrison”). Astrolabes were historically used by astronomers, astrologers, and navigators. Astrolabes had many amazing uses like finding the time of day or time of night, finding the time of a celestial event like a sunrise or a sunset and could also be used as a reference of celestial positions and many more (“Morrison”).
Measuring both telescopes to Galileo’s telescope and the Hubble Space Telescope, they are all remarkable with their individual functions and purposes. The Hubble Space Telescope is more high-technology than the other three and has made tons of findings from the outer aspect of the Earth. Though Galileo’s telescope was not as impressive compare to the modern ones, knowing the early times was limited but Galileo still has the idea and ability to make it was impressive and worth the
“Equipped with his five senses, man explores the universe around him and calls the adventure science.” This remark was by Edwin Hubble, the man that the Hubble telescope was named after. The telescope made many amazing discoveries in the field of astronomy, as well as the man himself did. It was said that Edwin Hubble revolutionized the field of astrophysics. Biography.com states, “His research helped prove that the universe is expanding and he created a classification system for galaxies that has been used for several decades.” He made many contributions to science, as did the Hubble telescope, and that is why this invention is one of the greatest in the history of science.
Do you know what it would be like to not be able to see galaxies or stars because they are too far away? Since Hans lippershey invented the telescope people have been able to see and explore objects that you could not imagine. First, the telescope has changed the view of our universe. Second,would technology be as advanced as it is today if we did not have the telescope? Last, telescopes can help you when you are doing research. The telescope was a helpful invention because it changed the view of the universe, it helps technology, and helps people do research for a project.
The Astrolabe object helped Islamics find time for prayers and was used in the islamic golden age. Eventually it helped the European’s Navigation because it was able to find the latitude on land and it can help locate the sun, moon and stars. Asia’s innovations in ship design influenced Europe's ship. The had larger ships and more efficient ships to travel on.
Adobe is a building material crafted from both mud and other organic materials, usually. Buildings constructed from adobe bricks are similar to both rammed earth and cob buildings. Adobe is one of the most ancient materials utilized, globally.
Hipparcos was a scientific satellite of the European Space Agency (ESA), launched in 1989 and operated until 1993. It was the first space experiment devoted to precision astrometry, the accurate measurement of the positions of celestial objects on the sky. This permitted the accurate determination of proper motions and parallaxes of stars, allowing a determination of their distance and tangential velocity.
The Tools humans have for astronomy are useful because we need them to sightsee and they help us learn more about the universe.