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Law

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Jan 9, 2024

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Thesis Statement: It is not fair that low-income students do not receive the same educational opportunities or outcomes as high-income students if they lack access to quality public or private education, technology at home and in the classroom, and home environments. Annotated Bibliography Arnold, D. H., & Doctoroff, G. L. (2003). The early education of socioeconomically disadvantaged children. Annual Review of Psychology , 54 (1), 517–529. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.111301.145442 Dr. David Arnold teaches in the Psychology and Brain Science Department at UMass Amherst. Both his undergraduate and PhD degrees are from Dartmouth College. Till 2003, Arnold held the William T Grant Faculty Scholar title. The Advancing Diversity in Research and Practice undergraduate program was co-founded by him, and he has published over twenty articles. Even when low-income students are enrolled for the first time, their parents' positions affect their educational outcomes. As a result of the information I have gathered, I will demonstrate how the educational level and income level of the students’ mothers affect the education outcomes for students. Carson, E. (1994). Going Private. Reason, 26 (6), 16-17. In the United States, Reason is a magazine devoted to libertarianism. A foundation called The Reason Foundation owns and operates Reason . Public policy articles are the focus of their research and publication. Milton Friedman, the Nobel Prize winner, endorses the foundation. The Reason Foundation’s founder is Robert Pool, a MIT-trained engineer. The board has retained him as a member. Among the topics discussed in the magazine article were the hardships faced by a mother whose children are attending a low-income school. As opposed to just focusing on academic struggles, the article discusses social struggles as well. As stated in this article, socioeconomic status can adversely affect even potential great scholars. Corrigan, M., Hartle, T. (2007). Helping Needy Students 'Know How 2 Go.' Presidency, 10 (1), 10- 12. In the Bureau of Government and Public Affairs of the American Council on Education, Corrigan is the director of National Initiatives. The KnowHow2Go project is also directed by her. She has co-authored several articles and papers on post-secondary education financing while completing her master’s degree in Public Affairs at LBJ. In this article, I intend to demonstrate that lower income students lack access to educational resources necessary to succeed in college. Furthermore, I plan on using the article to prove that students from lower income families do not receive the necessary education to gain college acceptance.

Duncan, G. J., Yeung, W.J., Brooks-Gunn, J. (1998). How much does childhood poverty affect the life chances of children? American Sociological Review, 63 (3), 406-423. Using real hard numbers and formulas, Duncan, Yeung, and Brooks-Gunn prove that children from low-income families have a lower chance of succeeding. Through controlled scientific tests, the authors were able to examine different aspects of low-income family life and show that separate tests had the same results as when they were done together. Amond them were test numbers and relationships between mother and child. As director of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics at the University of Michigan, Duncan spent 25 years in the field. His current position is as a professor at UC Irvine. Professor Brooks-Gunn works at Columbia University’s Teachers College. Murnane, R. J. (2007). Improving the Education of Children Living in Poverty. Future of Children, 17 (2), 161-182. At Harvard Graduate School of Education, he is the Thompson professor of Education and society. The National Bureau of Economic Research has also hired him as a research associate. Murnane received the Spencer, Smith Richardson, and Hewitt awards as well as the Russell Sage award. A total of nineteen publications have appeared in his work, and his writings on schools, economics, and educational outcomes have also been published in several other articles and papers. As an editorial member of several educational journals, Murnane is particularly active in the publication of American Journal of Education . Furthermore, he chairs the Educational Advisory Board at the Center for Educational Excellence. A study in this paper examined why children in poverty-stricken areas generally receive lower levels of education than their peers. Statistics are cited to support his claim that underpaid teachers lack skills, and budget cuts cause this. This will allow me to demonstrate why these students are not receiving the educational opportunities they should, and how we can intervene to help them. Perkins-Gough, D. (2008). Do Private High Schools Help Low-Income Students? Educational Leadership, 65 (7), 93-94. It is not just what a student learns in school that goes into his education, as Perkins-Gough explains. It is also important for parents to be involved and supportive. Schools that are failing need to be supported as well by the districts. A magazine published by ASCD is Educational Leadership. Founded in 1943, ASCD provides educational programs and services in the U.S. and around the world. With current trends in education and innovative ideas for educators, Educational Leadership is read worldwide. In addition to writing for Educational Leadership , Perkins-Gough has published a number of articles.

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