Earth_Science_Review_4_-_Modules_10-11_-_Earths_Crust-Geological_History.pdf

1. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents a portion of Earth's interior. Letters A, B, and C represent interior layers. The graph shows the velocity of P -waves and S -waves at various depths in Earth's interior. A) A is the crust and B is the rigid mantle. B) A is the lithosphere and B is the asthenosphere C) A is the asthenosphere and B is the crust. D) A is the rigid mantle and B is the lithosphere Which layers of Earth's interior are represented by letters A and B ? A) rigid mantle and plastic mantle B) outer core and stiffer mantle C) stiffer mantle and asthenosphere D) crust and rigid mantle 2. Which two Earth layers are separated by the Moho boundary?

A) seismic waves B) depth of Earth's oceans C) electromagnetic radiation D) isobar gradients 3. A model of Earth's internal structure is shown below. Analysis of which type of data led to the development of this model? 4. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of Earth shown below. Letters B, C, and D represent layers of Earth. Letter Q represents a location on Earth's surface. A) Q B) B C) C D) D Which letter best represents Earth's mantle?

A) thinner and less dense B) thinner and more dense C) thicker and less dense D) thicker and more dense 5. The map below shows the continent of Australia. Letters A and B indicate locations on Earth's crustal surface. Compared to the crust at A , the crust at B is A) thicker, with a less dense granitic composition B) thicker, with a more dense basaltic composition C) thinner, with a less dense granitic composition D) thinner, with a more dense basaltic composition 6. Compared to the oceanic crust, the continental crust is usually Base your answers to questions 7 and 8 on the diagram below, which represents zones of Earth's interior, identified by letters A through E . The scale shows depths below Earth's surface, measured in kilometers. A) A B) B C) E D) D 7. The Moho is a boundary located in zone A) 650 km B) 1600 km C) 2250 km D) 2900 km 8. What is the approximate thickness of zone C ?

A) thinner and more dense B) thinner and less dense C) thicker and more dense D) thicker and less dense 9. Compared to Earth's continental crust, Earth's oceanic crust is A) crust B) outer core C) troposphere D) hydrosphere 10. The pie graph below represents the composition, in percent by mass, of the chemical elements found in an Earth layer. The composition of which Earth layer is represented by the pie graph? A) nitrogen and potassium B) oxygen and silicon C) hydrogen and oxygen D) potassium and oxygen 11. Which pair of elements makes up most of Earth's crust by volume?

A) B) C) D) 12. Which graph best represents the percentage by mass of elements of Earth's crust? A) basalt, with a density of 2.7 g/cm 3 B) basalt, with a density of 3.0 g/cm 3 C) granite, with a density of 2.7 g/cm 3 D) granite, with a density of 3.0 g/cm 3 13. Earth's crustal bedrock at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is composed mostly of

A) B) C) D) 14. Which table correctly matches the average density and composition of continental and oceanic crusts? A) 0.2 million atmosphere B) 1.5 million atmospheres C) 3.1 million atmospheres D) 3.6 million atmospheres 15. The pressure at the interface between Earth's outer core and inner core is inferred to be A) less dense and more mafic B) less dense and more felsic C) more dense and less mafic D) more dense and less felsic 16. Compared to the density and composition of the oceanic crust, the continental crust is A) less dense and more felsic B) less dense and more mafic C) more dense and more felsic D) more dense and more mafic 17. Compared to the average density and composition of oceanic crust, continental crust is A) 3.1 million atmospheres pressure and an interior temperature of 6300°C B) 3.1 million atmospheres pressure and an interior temperature of 6700°C C) 3.6 million atmospheres pressure and an interior temperature of 6300°C D) 3.6 million atmospheres pressure and an interior temperature of 6700°C 18. What are the inferred pressure and interior temperature at the boundary between Earth's outer core and inner core? A) asthenosphere B) stiffer mantle C) outer core D) inner core 19. Which layer of Earth's interior is inferred to be composed of solid iron and nickel?

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