Homework 2 solutions.docx

Homework 2 Solutions Problems are 10 points each unless noted. Problems are at the end of each chapter 1. It is recognized by many that air pollution episodes prior to the 1960s helped shape modern air pollution control and regulations. These episodes are the Meuse River valley incident in Belgium, the Donora valley incident in PA, US, the London Fog incident in the UK, The New York city pollution in the US, the Poza Rica episode in Mexico and the LA Smog in CA, US. With many years of hard work from many stakeholders, the success stories of LA smog and London fog control have become examples of urban air quality management. ( Due Jan. 26 for in class discussion, this one only, do not submit yet ) a. You are responsible for finding information on only 1 of them (based on last name), so that you come prepared for the class discussion. You need to have at least a half page description of the episode you are assigned (what/why/how/when), include meteorological factors reported, and the pollutants, and references where you found the report. Wikipedia is not recommended as a reference. Textbooks, government/research reports and journal papers tend to be more reliable references. Sufficient answers containing what/why/how/when (7pt), meteorological factors (1pt), pollutants (1pt), and references (1pt)

2. The Beaufort scale classifies wind speeds into 13 categories (0 as calm). Convert the wind speeds (at both ends of each range) into m/sec. Practice with 3 categories. (5pts) http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/beaufort.html (Links to an external site.) a. category 1 to 3: if you did Meuse Valley episodes. b. category 4 to 6: LA smog c. category 7 to 9: London fog and NYC groups. d. category 10 to 12: the Donora and the Poza Rica groups

3. Understanding the windrose. Use the table (data) in Problem 19.2 of the textbook, first covert the numbers into percentages/frequency as suggested by the textbook, then answer the following questions: which wind type is the most prevalent, which wind direction is the most prevalent, the least prevalent, which speed range is the most prevalent, and which speed range is the least prevalent. (15pts) Frequency Wind Speed Wind Direction 1-3 4-6 7-10 >10 Total N 295 393 412 157 1257 NE 323 306 212 65 906 E 296 388 465 102 1251 SE 160 237 167 56 620 S 218 325 255 122 920 SW 112 196 162 69 539 W 174 266 221 141 802 NW 105 159 193 94 551 Total 1683 2270 2087 806 6846

(1pt for each correct row for 9pts total) Percentage Wind Speed Wind Direction 1-3 4-6 7-10 >10 Total N 4.31% 5.74% 6.02% 2.29% 18.36% NE 4.72% 4.47% 3.10% 0.95% 13.23% E 4.32% 5.67% 6.79% 1.49% 18.27% SE 2.34% 3.46% 2.44% 0.82% 9.06% S 3.18% 4.75% 3.72% 1.78% 13.44% SW 1.64% 2.86% 2.37% 1.01% 7.87% W 2.54% 3.89% 3.23% 2.06% 11.71% NW 1.53% 2.32% 2.82% 1.37% 8.05% Total 24.58% 33.16% 30.48% 11.77% 100.00 %  Wind type most prevalent: East wind (7-10) (1pt)  Wind direction most prevalent : North (1pt)  Wind type least prevalent : Southeast wind (>10) (1pt)  Wind direction least prevalent: Southwest (1pt)  Speed range most prevalent: 4-6 (1pt)  Speed range least prevalent: >10 (1pt) 4. Do Examples 20.1 and 20.2 in the textbook yourself (in your notebook), and make sure you can get the same answers as the book. Then come back and answer this question. List the differences of these two problems using one table for the difference in given conditions and the final concentration and a second table for the difference in those useful numbers leading to the answer. Tables tend to be more effective in summary/comparisons than words. (5pts) Be able to give at least five comparisons. Be sure to point out that example 20.1 gives the wind speed at the stack height while example 20.2 gives the wind speed at the surface level. Also note the differences in meteorological conditions between the two.

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