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1 How Poverty Impacts Education Amber Martin Liberty University EDUC 701 Dr. Spaulding September 27, 2021

2 Abstract This paper’s goal is to identify poverty as a current problem that still exists in the public education system as it relates to students ability to learn. According to the data provided by the National Center for Children in Poverty, “Among all children under 18 years in the US, 38 percent live in low-income families and 17 percent approximately one in five are poor. “(NCCP, 2021).Poverty is an important issue that has afflicted the public education system for decades. The primary impacted are those in elementary and middle schools. It does affect high school education as well but the damage is more significant in younger learners. Past research has discovered poverty in a student’s early education and learning, it would continue to be an issue for students once they reach high school, and it could have a huge impact on their future outcomes if not addressed sooner.

How Poverty Impacts Education 3 Related Literature Poverty research has affirmed a major critical goal of public schools should be to increase the quality of life for the advancement of their pupils by acquiring more money, improving wellness, and overall the wellbeing of everyone . “Great teachers have positive effects on children long after they leave the classroom. A recent study found that a student’s kindergarten teacher had long-lasting influence on important lifetime outcomes, like future earnings.” (Greenstone, Looney & Shevlin, 2021). At risk students have their childhood being impacted by language and communication skills are effected to poverty (Azzi-Lessing & Schorr, 2017) .The performance gap between these children from lower-income households and peers from higher - income households is large and begins before these students have even reached kindergarten. This gap can and most likely will continue well into adulthood(Giovanelli, Mondi, Ou & Reynolds ,2019). Students that live in impoverished environments are even missing the fundamentals of the most basic necessities, and when we can compare that to students who are not, they are performing at much lower levels because of these differences (Burney & Beilke, 2008). The income in the community would determine that the makeup of these children and what type of quality instruction they would receive while in public schools. The study done by Kimbro, Magnuson ,Wolf, Parbst & Wodtke (2017) found that the neighborhood poverty rate and the quality of education are in fact linked. (Kimbro, Magnuson ,Wolf, Parbst & Wodtke ,2017). Lacour & Tissington (2011), surmised their information they collected and retrieved resources the ability to reach them were drastically reduced by the effects of poverty. The sad results, the lack of these materials available to these impoverished students created a huge obstacle that is a reality for everyone suffering in poverty stricken home.

How Poverty Impacts Education 4 Furthermore, these at-risk children from lower economic households are far more likely to have a difficult time thriving and being successful in their education as opposed to those who are not faced with the effects of poverty. Congress passed NCLBA( No Child Left Behind Act) that would help students that are in these effected areas better opportunities for students living in these areas that have typical lower performance(NCCP, 2021). The focus of this act and the goal to make significant improvement within these publics school and to increase productivity on the educators, school districts, students , and make each state provide more for their students(NCCP, 2021). The initial results appeared to increase the test scores for minority students in these school districts then analyzed additional results and determined what was in fact not adequate proper funds being given out to all public schools providing to students from below poverty- line areas where the major portion of the students were minorities (Alvarado-Urbina, Hannum & Liu ,2017). Better achieving schools would blame those schools, the educators, and principals for their students’ lower academic success. Instead of putting blame on these districts, the student achievement and how poverty effects it must be a focal point on the government (Alvarado- Urbina, Hannum & Liu ,2017) Students living within poverty are typically not supported at home. Parents involvement in their children’s education may be non-existent or limited, they may not have access to transportation, and no choice in which schools they attend to increase their success rate. We can possibly look at this as a form of segregation on the poor by way of their social status is in the community.

How Poverty Impacts Education 5 Brown vs. Board of Education supreme court ruling was to overturn the segregation in public schools and contended that minority students needed access to the same education and resources allowed to white students. Without the same equitable opportunities it would cause irreversible damage to minority students (Reardon, 2016). A good prosperous education is the main fundamental to someone having a successful life. Research has proven many times that someone who is considered rich have more opportunities to obtain better paying positions due to a better education thus providing much better opportunities for growth and options for better advancements (Greenstone, Looney & Shevlin, 2021). Education is the infrastructure to lay the opportunities to a quality life. Someone that receives a better quality education leads them on a path to a much better family atmosphere and a social circle that can provide those connections needed (Greenstone, Looney & Shevlin, 2021). A students’ success is greatly relied on their educator and the methods of the teaching approach. Quality educators are a big factor in how success can be measures in their classroom. Educators can control how they teach and guide their students. Educators must continue to be motivated to use these techniques to reach all of those students and accommodate for each student individual needs (Plucker, 2016). Teachers are trusted with the responsibility of being an advocate for their students, they must keep themselves informed with all of the new information to reach these at-students. Research proves that these at-risk students with academic success problems cannot simply be labeled a school issue, the primary problem comes from injustices within their inequality in family salaries (Azzi-Lessing & Schorr, 2017) Household income is responsible for around 60% of the problems the students faces to achieve , schools are responsible for around the 20% of academic failures and what is left can be attributed to their overall childhood and life experiences

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