EMNG1001_Lab3_Current&Ohm'sLaw_InClass
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George Brown College Canada *
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Course
EMNG1001
Subject
Electrical Engineering
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
docx
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7
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Student First Name: ……………………………………… Student Last Name: ………………………………………
Student Number: …………………………………………. Submission Date: …………………………………………
General Notes:
1.
Type your name, student ID, and the submission date of the lab in the above fields.
2.
Practice safety at all times. Carefully follow the directions of the lab. Do not use broken power cords or broken devices powered directly from the mains such as the DC supply.
3.
Use only the electronic kit and devices provided by George brown college. Also, ensure that all equipment in the kit stays in good working condition.
4.
Carefully read and follow ALL
lab instructions provided in the lab write-up.
5.
Complete all measurements, calculations, tables, drawings, and images required for all labs.
6.
Answer all questions neatly and concisely in the spaces provided (preferably in bold red).
7.
All Labs must be submitted by their due dates in Blackboard and cannot be made up. A grade of “Zero”
will be assigned for missed labs.
8.
The mark and possible feedback will be posted in Blackboard after the due date of each lab.
Submission: This original word document with answers included in full is required to be submitted in Blackboard by the due date. It is not allowed to submit another separate document that includes only answers to the questions.
Lab 3 Current and Ohm’s Law
Objectives
Upon completion of this lab the student will be able to:
1.
Verify Ohm’s law by validating the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
2.
Use the resistor color code to identify resistor values.
3.
Use the digital multimeter to measure resistance, voltage, and current.
4.
Estimate the power consumed in a resistor.
Introduction
George Simon Ohm theorized that there was a relationship between voltage, current, and resistance such that the circuit resistance (
R
) is directly proportional to the applied voltage (
V
) and inversely Ali A. Hussein, Ph.D., P. Eng.
EMNG 1001, Circuit Analysis Lab
Page 1
EMNG1001 Circuit Analysis
Lab 3 Current and Ohm’s Law
proportional to the current (
I
) flowing in the device. He discovered that for a given resistive circuit there
was a fixed relationship between the voltage and current. This relationship can be expressed in equation form as:
R
=
V
I
The power (
P
) consumed into a resistor due to the Ohmic losses can be determined from:
P
=
VI
=
V
2
R
=
I
2
R
In the previous lab, it was learned that the probes of the voltmeter have to be connected in parallel to the leads of the resistor to measure the voltage drop across it. In this lab, it will be learned that to use the multimeter as an ammeter to measure the current passing in a resistor the multimeter must be connected in series with the resistor. This is achieved by opening the circuit at the resistor and interconnecting the open ends with the multimeter probes.
Part 1 Procedure
1.
In this lab, the lab dual DC power supply is going to be used. Four different resistances will be powered from the DC source. Ohm’s law will be verified by measuring the voltage applied to each resistor and by measuring the current passing through it using the multimeter. It is important at the first step to know the maximum possible power consumed into the heaviest load used in the experiment. This is the smallest resistance R
P,min
that should be used in testing. Assuming the actual source voltage to be up to V
s
=
15
V
and the maximum power rating of the used resistors to be P
=
0.25
W
, estimate the value of the smallest resistance to be used:
R
P,min
=
V
s
2
P
=
¿
………………………………………
2.
Indicate the color code of the four listed resistors in Table 1. Take each of those resistors from the
tools kit and measure its resistance (
R
m
) using the multimeter set as an ohmmeter. Also, estimate the minimum (
R
min
) and maximum (
R
max
) possible resistances of each resistor in the table based on the manufacturer tolerances and the color-code resistance value (
R
):
R
min
=
(
1
−
tolerance
)
R
,
R
max
=
(
1
+
tolerance
)
R
The tolerance is 0.05 (i.e. 5%) for the gold tolerance band.
Note:
The resistances indicated in Table 1 are standard values and they should be included in the tools kit. However, if any resistance is found not available in the tools kit, then replace it with another closest possible value.
Does the smallest chosen resistance in the table match the maximum power consumption of ¼ W? Answer [Yes/No]: ………………………………………
Ali A. Hussein, Ph.D., P. Eng.
EMNG 1001, Circuit Analysis Lab
Page 2
Table 1 Resistance values and color codes.
In
d
Required
Resistance
R
(kΩ)
Color Code Bands
(1
st
band – 2
nd
band – 3
rd
band – 4
th
band)
Measured
Resistance
R
m
(k
)
Minimum
Resistance
R
min
(k
)
Maximum
Resistance
R
max
(k
)
1
1
2
2.7
3
5.6
4
10
3.
Construct the circuit shown in Figure 1 using the breadboard, resistors, and short-link wires. The resistor in this figure should be connected to the variable DC power supply.
Figure 1 Left: Circuit under test. Middle: Measuring voltage. Right: Measuring current.
As a standard lab practice always connect the positive and negative terminals of the DC source to the circuit using the respective red and black wires with the alligator clamps. The left image in Figure 1 shows the circuit under test constructed on the breadboard. The DC source wires are always located to the left side in the figure images. Short circuit wire links are added to facilitate the measurement of voltage and current of the resistor. The middle image of the figure shows how to connect the multimeter as a voltmeter to measure the voltage drop across the resistor terminals. The voltmeter is shown connected in parallel with the resistor. The selector switch of the multimeter is set to the range of 20 V DC to function as a voltmeter. This selected range of voltage covers the DC source voltage. The right image of the figure shows how to connect the multimeter as an ammeter to measure the circuit current. The ammeter is connected in series with the resistor. Notice that the upper current shortening link has been removed to break the circuit at the position of engaging the ammeter. The selector switch of the multimeter, in this case, maybe set to the 20 mA DC range.
Ali A. Hussein, Ph.D., P. Eng.
EMNG 1001, Circuit Analysis Lab
Page 3
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Related Questions
a) Derive the mathematical model of a thermal system. Also, write the differential
equation for the electric circuit shown in Figure 1 below and find the output.
E₁
R₁
M
P
FR₂
Figure 1
R3 E0
↓
arrow_forward
b) Use the ALU 74181 in the figure below and the tables (one is enough; second maybe, need
to check the new kit) to implement : A + B, A – B, A. B.
(MSB)
(LSB)
10
(MSB)
F3 F2 F1 FO
S3
Cn+4
16
s2
20
U14
15
S1
14
so
A3 A2 A1 AO B3 B2 B1 B0 M Cn
24 23 22 21 28 27 T26 25
(LSB)
(MSB)
(LSB)(MSB)
(LSB)
And given that under M = 1 the circuit performs the following arithmetic and logic functions
according to Table 11.1.
Input selection
S3
Output
M-H
S2
SI
Cn=L.
F3
F2
F1
FO
A
1
-A
В
-B
A&B
AxB
1
A'B
1
Ax(-B)
(-A)xB
(-A)x(-B)
1
1
ACTIVE HIGH DATA
M-L: ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS
SELECTION
M-H
LOGIC
s3 s2 s1
so
Ino carry)
(with carry)
F-A PLUS 1
F- LA + B) PLUS 1
F- (A + BI PLUS 1
FUNCTIONS
L
L
F-A
F-A+B
F-AB
F-A
H
FA+B
F-A+T
F- MINUS 1 12s COMPL)
F-A PLUS AB
F- IA + BI PLUS AB
L
L
L
L
F-0
F-ZERO
F- AB
F-A PLUS AB PLUS 1
F- (A + BI PLUS AB PLUS 1
L
L
L
H
L
F-AOB
F- AB
L
L
F-A MINUS B MINUS 1
F-A MINUS B
F- AB MINUS 1
F- A
F-A PLUS AB PLUS1
F-A PLUS B PLUS 1
F- IA + B PLUS AB PLUS 1
L
H
L
F-A PLUS AB…
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A sensor resistance changes linearly from 100°C to 130°C as shown in the Table Q1a.
Find the linear equation relating resistance and temperature. Assume To= 115°C is
midpoint temperature.
T(°C)
R(N)
90
562.66
95
568.03
100
573.4
105
578.77
110
584.13
115
589.48
120
594.84
125
600.18
130
605.52
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A J- type thermocouple is used to measure
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material used is SS304. The length of the
sheath is 11mm and thickness is 0.2mm. Find
the time constant of the sheath.
s(J/Kg
K(W/m-
Material
Q(kg/m3)
- °c)
k)
Platinum
21450
130
71.6
SS304
8030
500
21.4
SS316
7990
500
21.4
SS410
7750
460
24.9
Air
1.20
П005
0.025
MgO Powder
3580
877
26.8
Silicon
3210
800
compound
Time constant of the bare material is, T=
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Weel X
*Wee X
Tuto X
PEE "Tutc X
P "Topi X
Topic X
PDF
PE Mod X
PBF
201
ktop/insturmation/Acad%20Form%2012-Final%20Exam-ELEC2113-2018-2019.pdf
CD Page view
A Read aloud T Add text
V Draw
Highlig
(a) A temperature of industrial oven measured for 5 times. The temperature value recorded in
table Q1(a),
table Q1(a),
Reading
Temperature ( °C)
Number
121.9
2
122
3
120.9
4
122.5
121.3
Calculate the precision of the third value.
(b) Low Pass Filter circuit consisting of a resistor of 470 in series with a capacitor of 0.22uF
connected across a 25V sinusoidal supply.
(i) Calculate the filter cut off frequency.
(ii) Calculate the output voltage at a frequency of 5000HZ.
42
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poles.
a. If the machine operates with ig = 50A, wm = 100rad/s, and TsH = 5Nm, what will
be the angular acceleration of the machine, a, in [rad/s?]? Ignore any static friction,
To = 0.
b. If the machine operates at steady-state (all derivatives equal to zero) with
parameters: wm = 200rad/s, TsH = 10NM, ia = 0A, iq = 50A, va = -16V, & vą =
42V, compute the efficiency of the machine, ŋ, considering copper and friction
losses.
%3D
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Figure P19.35
R₂
www
www
A
R3
+
ww
R₁
W
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following to four significant figures.
Calculate the open circuit armature
emf when the armature rotates at 1210
rev/min.
Calculate the generated emf constant Km.
Calculate the electrical damping constant De
Calculate the mechanical Damping Constant
Dm.
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Question
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03
Determine operation point of the BJT in figure shown below.
Assume B = 200.
Rc
330 N
RB
Vcc
20 V
47 kN
VBB
10 V
Pie 1slami
Cncersity
The
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o True
o False
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...
4
RC
15002
RB
VCC
20V
90A/A
100k2
Ib=Blank 1 HA
Ic=Blank 2mA
le=Blank 3 mA
Blank 1
Add your answer
Blank 2 Add your answer
Blank 3
Add your answer
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Type of Thermo-coupleMaterial
K ( W/m-k) Q (kg/m³)s (J/Kg- oc)
Iron- Constantan
46
8535
345
K
Kromel- Alumel
35
8738
380
T
Copper- Constantan
160
8902
316
E
Cromel - Contantan
33
8825
336
N
Nicrocil- Nisil
34
8702
376
B
Pt(30%)Rhodium - Pt(6%)Rhodium 19
15718
56
R
Platinum(13%)Rodium - Platinum 55
16628
99
Platinum(10%)Rodium - Platinum 52.9
16745
99
Time constant of the bare material is, T=
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New nuclear power plants will be built without containment structures, due to the increased insulation in the reactor core.
A
Thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy and then to electrical energy, as in coal-burning power plants.
Thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy and then to electrical energy, as in coal-burning power plants.
B
Regularly scheduled releases of radioactive gases during production are well below the maximum contamination levels set by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency).
Regularly scheduled releases of radioactive gases during production are well below the maximum contamination levels set by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency).
C
Nuclear…
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Aa -
AaBbCcl AaBbCcl AaBbC
1. Av
1 Normal
1 No Spac.
Title
Editing
Dictate
Sensitivity
Editor
Reuse
Pick
Files
Imag
Paragraph
Styles
Voice
Sensitivity
Editor
Reuse Files
Picki
5. A PMMC voltmeter with a resistance of 10 ohms gives has a coil of effective depth of 3 mm
and a width of 2.5 cm, the coil has about 100 turns. The flux spread in the air gap is of
10mWb/m. The spring has a constant of 2 x 10 Then calculate,
Deflection torque produced by the coil, when it is connected to 20V to measure.
ii. Deflection made by the pointer, when the meter is to measure a voltage of 10V
i.
ed States)
DFocus
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Given the table below for a tungsten/rhenium thermocouple. Determine the fol
Junction voltage
(mV)
Temp (°C)
250
4.37
400
8.74
550
13.11
700
17.48
a. Sensitivity of the thermocouple:
b. Write the linear equation between temperature (T) and junction voltage
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B. Determine V1 and VR with C
C. From aB Determine V2, IL, PD
D. From B determine the efficiency of the regulator
(OUR SUBJECT IS INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONIC)
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0.004 and for manganin = 0.00015. Determine the error caused by 20 °C rise in temperature if:
1) Copper-moving coil is connected across the manganin shunt resistor.
2) A 6002 manganin resistance is used in :
i)
series with the instrument moving coil.
ii)
series with the instrument moving coil but with both materials used manganin.
Drive your conclusion from your results in parts (1) and (2) and which one do you recommend and why?
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Q1. find beta ?
Q2. Find S ?
Q3. Find S' ?
Q4. Find S'' , using T1 as the temperature at which the parameter values are specified and beta( T2 ) as 20% more than beta( T1 )?
Q5. Determine the net change in IC if a change in operating conditions results in Ico increasing from 0.3 micro A to 10 micro A, VBE drops from 0.7 V to 0.6 V, and beta increases 20%.
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1. Determine the sensitivity [mV/ C] of the measured data for the thermocouple. The output and
input are the measured electromotive force [mV] and temperature [°C), respectively.
mV
4.37
8.74
13.11
17.48
°C
250
500
750
1000
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Explain the differences between metals, polymers and ceramics in terms of its atomic
structure and their properties
QI
(a)
(b)
Your team is working on a new walkie-talkie design that must be able to withstand
harsh weather conditions. Choose the suitable type of material that should be used as
the casing of the device. State your reasons from mechanical and electrical aspects.
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IZVV @
ZAIN IQ I.
A docs.google.com
(2) ¿ELii An 8V, 400 mA DC motor with a
microcontroller. The
microcontroller has output pins
with 3.3V, 8mA rating. Current
gain of the Darlington pair is
:100. Then the circuit will
LaunchPad
+8.
Vbus
DC motor
:R
IN914
Gnd
PFO
TIP120
emf
PF4
Rp
PAS M
1 ko
Not working properly O
Motor will turned on properly O
Microcontroller will be damaged O
Working properly
W-0000-
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Q.1
a. Repeatability and reproducibility are ways of measuring precision, particularly in the field of
engineering.
i.
What is an engineer's expectation when performing repeatability or reproducibility?
ii.
State a difference between repeatability and reproducibility in an experiment?
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The rotary potentiometer widely used to measure the angular displacement. It has maximum angle of 120 degree and
the total resistance of 420 ohms with 30V of dc power supply. If so, calculate the output voltage for the angular
movement of 315 degree to 380,5 degree.
O a. 15.735V
O b. 15.375V
Oc. 16.735V
O d. 16.375V
Question 12
The rotary potentiometer widely used to measure the angular displacement. It has maximum angle of 120 degree and
the total resistance of 420 ohms with 30OV of dc power supply. The error is 0.75 ohms during the measurement of 60
phms, then calculate % accuracy of the device.
O a 98,9%|
O6.99 8%
O 99 62%
Od 93.75%
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MECT361
Mechatronics Components and Instrumentation
Please solve the problem in keupord
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9. Which of the following equation represents mass
semiconductors in electronic circuits?
action law for
2
a) n xp = n₁²
b) n x p = n₁
c) n xp = n³
3
d) n xp = n₁¹/²
arrow_forward
Ion
Suppose we have an Allen-Bradley SLC 500 PLC connected to two process switches as shown in this
illustration:
120 VAC
power
Power
supply
L2/N
Gnd
Slot 0
Slot 1
Slot 2
Slot 3
(processor) (discrete input) (discrete input) (discrete output)
Processor Input
00
2 feet
37 PSI
T
0123
0000
0000
4587
INO
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7 Ø
COM
COM
Input
0123
0000
INO
IN1
IN2
+N3
IN4
INS
ING
IN7
COM
COM
0000
FOOT
Output
OFN3
0000
0000
VAC 10
OUTO
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
VAC 2
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
Determine the bit statuses of I:1/3 and I:1/5 when the level switch senses 3 feet and the pressure
switch senses 14 PSI.
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23.Compare between 1 ph IM and 3 ph IM.
24.Draw the equivalent circuit of 1 ph IM.
25.Write the equations to determine X0 and RO of 1 ph IM.
26. Why the p.f under no load is a very small value.
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1. A Type K Thermocouple has the hot junction connected to the exhaust gas duct of a steam turbine.
The cold junction is at a temperature of 25 °C. If the potential difference between the hot and the cold
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Ex2/ Analyze the synchronous mealy machine given in the circuit below then
draw its state digram
System
clock
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Related Questions
- a) Derive the mathematical model of a thermal system. Also, write the differential equation for the electric circuit shown in Figure 1 below and find the output. E₁ R₁ M P FR₂ Figure 1 R3 E0 ↓arrow_forwardb) Use the ALU 74181 in the figure below and the tables (one is enough; second maybe, need to check the new kit) to implement : A + B, A – B, A. B. (MSB) (LSB) 10 (MSB) F3 F2 F1 FO S3 Cn+4 16 s2 20 U14 15 S1 14 so A3 A2 A1 AO B3 B2 B1 B0 M Cn 24 23 22 21 28 27 T26 25 (LSB) (MSB) (LSB)(MSB) (LSB) And given that under M = 1 the circuit performs the following arithmetic and logic functions according to Table 11.1. Input selection S3 Output M-H S2 SI Cn=L. F3 F2 F1 FO A 1 -A В -B A&B AxB 1 A'B 1 Ax(-B) (-A)xB (-A)x(-B) 1 1 ACTIVE HIGH DATA M-L: ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS SELECTION M-H LOGIC s3 s2 s1 so Ino carry) (with carry) F-A PLUS 1 F- LA + B) PLUS 1 F- (A + BI PLUS 1 FUNCTIONS L L F-A F-A+B F-AB F-A H FA+B F-A+T F- MINUS 1 12s COMPL) F-A PLUS AB F- IA + BI PLUS AB L L L L F-0 F-ZERO F- AB F-A PLUS AB PLUS 1 F- (A + BI PLUS AB PLUS 1 L L L H L F-AOB F- AB L L F-A MINUS B MINUS 1 F-A MINUS B F- AB MINUS 1 F- A F-A PLUS AB PLUS1 F-A PLUS B PLUS 1 F- IA + B PLUS AB PLUS 1 L H L F-A PLUS AB…arrow_forwardA sensor resistance changes linearly from 100°C to 130°C as shown in the Table Q1a. Find the linear equation relating resistance and temperature. Assume To= 115°C is midpoint temperature. T(°C) R(N) 90 562.66 95 568.03 100 573.4 105 578.77 110 584.13 115 589.48 120 594.84 125 600.18 130 605.52arrow_forward
- A J- type thermocouple is used to measure the temperature in a heating process. Sheath material used is SS304. The length of the sheath is 11mm and thickness is 0.2mm. Find the time constant of the sheath. s(J/Kg K(W/m- Material Q(kg/m3) - °c) k) Platinum 21450 130 71.6 SS304 8030 500 21.4 SS316 7990 500 21.4 SS410 7750 460 24.9 Air 1.20 П005 0.025 MgO Powder 3580 877 26.8 Silicon 3210 800 compound Time constant of the bare material is, T=arrow_forwardWeel X *Wee X Tuto X PEE "Tutc X P "Topi X Topic X PDF PE Mod X PBF 201 ktop/insturmation/Acad%20Form%2012-Final%20Exam-ELEC2113-2018-2019.pdf CD Page view A Read aloud T Add text V Draw Highlig (a) A temperature of industrial oven measured for 5 times. The temperature value recorded in table Q1(a), table Q1(a), Reading Temperature ( °C) Number 121.9 2 122 3 120.9 4 122.5 121.3 Calculate the precision of the third value. (b) Low Pass Filter circuit consisting of a resistor of 470 in series with a capacitor of 0.22uF connected across a 25V sinusoidal supply. (i) Calculate the filter cut off frequency. (ii) Calculate the output voltage at a frequency of 5000HZ. 42arrow_forwardA 30 PM machine has electrical parameters: Rs = 0.2N, Ls = 200µH, and ApM = 20mWb, and has mechanical parameters: Bm = 0.01Nms, Jm = 0.5 kg m², and p = 16 poles. a. If the machine operates with ig = 50A, wm = 100rad/s, and TsH = 5Nm, what will be the angular acceleration of the machine, a, in [rad/s?]? Ignore any static friction, To = 0. b. If the machine operates at steady-state (all derivatives equal to zero) with parameters: wm = 200rad/s, TsH = 10NM, ia = 0A, iq = 50A, va = -16V, & vą = 42V, compute the efficiency of the machine, ŋ, considering copper and friction losses. %3Darrow_forward
- 14. * If a long wire is connected to the terminals of a 12-V battery, 6.4 x 10¹⁹ electrons pass a cross section of the wire each second. Make a list of the physical quantities whose values you can determine using this information and determine three of them. Figure P19.35 R₂ www www A R3 + ww R₁ Warrow_forwardFor a PMDC, you are given the following data: Vt=136 V, N2=1210 rev/min, T2=0.63 Nm, la=1.7 A, Ra=9.6 ohm. Calculate the following to four significant figures. Calculate the open circuit armature emf when the armature rotates at 1210 rev/min. Calculate the generated emf constant Km. Calculate the electrical damping constant De Calculate the mechanical Damping Constant Dm.arrow_forwardQuestion 1. A galvanometer has a current sensitivity of 1uA/mm and a critical damping resistance of 1 k. Calculate: (a) the voltage sensitivity and (b) the megohm sensitivity.arrow_forward
- 03 Determine operation point of the BJT in figure shown below. Assume B = 200. Rc 330 N RB Vcc 20 V 47 kN VBB 10 V Pie 1slami Cncersity Thearrow_forward9. The intermediate lead wire has no influence on the thermocouple resulting voltage as long as the two new junctions has the same temperature. o True o False 10. An ultrasonic sensor with a range of 0 to 10 m is used to measure distance in mobile robot, the actual distance measured by a ruler is 7.2 m while the ultrasonic reading is 7.25 m. Calculate the accuracy and relative error of the sensor.arrow_forwardFor Fixed Bias Configuration Solve for Ib, Ic and le. Atleast 2 decimal place. Be mindful of units. Assume Ic is not equal to le. ... 4 RC 15002 RB VCC 20V 90A/A 100k2 Ib=Blank 1 HA Ic=Blank 2mA le=Blank 3 mA Blank 1 Add your answer Blank 2 Add your answer Blank 3 Add your answerarrow_forward
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