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Packet Tracer - HSRP Configuration Guide
Addressing Table
Device
Interface
IP Address
Default Gateway
R1
G0/0
10.1.1.1/30
N/A
R1
G0/1
192.168.1.1/24
N/A
R1
G0/2
10.1.1.9/30
N/A
R2
G0/0
10.1.1.2/30
N/A
R2
G0/1
10.1.1.5/30
N/A
R2
G0/2
10.100.100.1/30
N/A
R3
G0/0
192.168.1.3/24
N/A
R3
G0/1
10.1.1.6/30
N/A
R3
G0/2
10.1.1.10/30
N/A
I-Net
G0/1
10.100.100.2/30
N/A
HSRP Virtual Gateway
Virtual
192.168.1.254/24
N/A
S1
VLAN 1
192.168.1.11/24
192.168.1.1
S3
VLAN 1
192.168.1.13/24
192.168.1.3
PC-A
NIC
192.168.1.101/24
192.168.1.1
PC-B
NIC
192.168.1.103/24
192.168.1.3
Web Server
NIC
209.165.200.226/27
209.165.100.225
Note:
The I-Net router is present in the internet cloud and cannot be accessed in this activity.
Objectives
In this Packet Tracer activity, you will learn how to configure Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) to provide redundant default gateway devices to hosts on LANs. After configuring HSRP, you will test the configuration to verify that hosts are able to use the redundant default gateway if the current gateway device becomes unavailable.
Configure an HSRP active router.
Configure an HSRP standby router.
Verify HSRP operation.
Background / Scenario
Spanning Tree Protocol provides loop-free redundancy between switches within a LAN. However, it does not provide redundant default gateways for end-user devices within the network if a gateway router fails. First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRPs) provide redundant default gateways for end devices with no additional end-user configuration necessary. By using a FHRP, two or more routers can share the same virtual IP
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Packet Tracer - HSRP Configuration Guide
address and MAC address and can act as a single virtual router. Hosts on the network are configured with a shared IP address as their default gateway. In this Packet Tracer activity, you will configure Cisco’s Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), which is an FHRP.
You will configure HSRP on routers R1 and R3, which serve as the default gateways for the hosts on LAN 1 and LAN 2. When you configure HSRP, you will create a virtual gateway that uses the same default gateway address for hosts in both LANs. If one gateway router becomes unavailable, the second router will take over using the same default gateway address that was used by the first router. Because the hosts on the LANs are
configured with the IP address of the virtual gateway as the default gateway, the hosts will regain connectivity to remote networks after HSRP activates the remaining router.
Instructions
Part 1: Verify Connectivity
Step 1: Trace the path to the Web Server from PC-A.
a.
Go to the desktop of PC-A and open a command prompt.
b.
Trace the path from PC-A to the webserver by executing the tracert 209.165.200.226
command.
Question:
Which devices are on the path from PC-A to the Web Server? Use the addressing table to determine the device names.
R1, R2, I-net
Type your answers here.
Step 2: Trace the path to the Web Server from PC-B.
Repeat the process in Step 1 from PC-B.
Question:
Which devices are on the path from PC-B to the Web Server?
r3, r2, i-net
Type your answers here.
Step 3: Observe the network behavior when R3 becomes unavailable.
a.
Select the delete tool from the Packet Tracer tool bar and delete the link between R3
and S3
.
b.
Open a command prompt on PC-B. Execute the tracert
command with the Web Server as the destination.
c.
Compare the current output with the output of the command from Step 2.
Question:
What are the results?
the path no longer exists.
Type your answers here.
d.
Click the Connections
icon in the lower left corner of the PT window. Locate and select the Copper Straight-Through
icon in the pallet of connection types.
e.
Click on S3
and select port GigbitEthernet0/2
. Click R3
and select port GigabitEthernet0/0
.
f.
After the link lights on the connection are both green, test the connection by pinging the Web Server. The ping should be successful.
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Packet Tracer - HSRP Configuration Guide
Part 2: Configure HSRP Active and Standby Routers
Step 1: Configure HSRP on R1.
a.
Configure HSRP on the G0/1 LAN interface of R1.
Open configuration window
R1(config)# interface g0/1
b.
Specify the HSRP protocol version number. The most recent version is version 2
.
Note
: Standby version 1 only supports IPv4 addressing.
R1(config-if)# standby version 2
c.
Configure the IP address of the virtual default gateway. This address must be configured on any hosts that require the services of the default gateway. It replaces the physical interface address of the router that has been previously configured on the hosts.
Multiple instances of HSRP can be configured on a router. You must specify the HSRP group number to identify the virtual interface between routers in a HSRP group. This number must be consistent between the routers in the group. The group number for this configuration is 1.
R1(config-if)# standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254
d.
Designate the active router for the HSRP group. It is the router that will be used as the gateway device unless it fails or the path to it becomes inactive or unusable. Specify the priority for the router interface. The default value is 100. A higher value will determine which router is the active router. If the priorities of the routers in the HSRP group are the same, then the router with the highest configured IP address will become the active router.
R1(config-if)# standby 1 priority 150
R1 will operate as the active router and traffic from the two LANs will use it as the default gateway.
e.
If it is desirable that the active router resume that role when it becomes available again, configure it to preempt the service of the standby router. The active router will take over the gateway role when it becomes operable again.
R1(config-if)# standby 1 preempt
Question:
What will the HSRP priority of R3 be when it is added to HSRP group 1?
100
Type your answers here.
Step 2: Configure HSRP on R3.
Configure R3 as the standby router.
a.
Configure the R3 interface that is connected to LAN 2.
b.
Repeat only steps 1b and 1c above.
Step 3: Verify HSRP Configuration
a.
Verify HSRP by issuing the show standby
command on R1 and R3. Verify the values for HSRP role, group, virtual IP address of the gateway, preemption, and priority. Note that HSRP also identifies the active and standby router IP addresses for the group. R1# show standby
GigabitEthernet0/1 - Group 1 (version 2)
State is Active
4 state changes, last state change 00:00:30
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Related Questions
compare between the OSI model and the TCP/IP model
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Block Address: 192.168.16.0/24
Port to Point Link
WANI
Usable Hof Hosts: 2 Users
LAN:
Usable #of Hosts: 25
Network Address:
LANI
Usable #of Hosts: 100 Users
Network Address: 7
Point to Point Link
WAN2
Usable 4of Hosts: 2 Users
LAN2:
Usable #of Hosts: 50
Network Address:
The network given in the above figure consists of three local area networks and
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List-l
(Protocol Layers)
A- Application layer
B- Network layer
C- Data link layer
List-ll
(Type of address used)
1- IP address
2- Port address
3- MAC address
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D) TCP
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The correct physical address in mark 1 in the following network is
A/10
To another | X/44
network
Sender
Upper layers Data
F/20
T/99
APDia Network layer
AP D
Router 1
AP Deta
20 10 AP Da
20 10 AP Data 12
JAPDa T2
Data link layer
Physical
addresse
changed
LAN 1
LAN 2
LAN 3
Data link layer
95 66 AP Deta T2
95 66
Data 12
AP Data 12
AP D Network layer
Upper layers Data
Router 2
AP D
Z66
N33
Physical
addresses
Receiver
To another
changed
networkI YSS
P/95
Select one:
a. T/N
b. 10/20
C. 99/33
d. A/P
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Frame 42: 1033 bytes on wire (8264 bits), 1033 bytes captured (8264 bits)
Ethernet II, Src: Pegatron_b2:31:e9 (4c:72: b9:b2:31:e9), Dst: IPv4mcast_7f:ff:fa (01:00:5e:7f:ff:fa)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.116, Dst: 239.255.255.250
Src Port: 50178, Dst Port: 3702
Source Port: 50178
Destination Port: 3702
Length: 999
Checksum: Oxb50f [unverified]
[Checksum Status: Unverified]
[Stream index: 3]
[Timestamps]
[Time since first frame: 0.000000000 seconds]
[Time since previous frame: 0.000000000 seconds]
▸ Data (991 bytes)
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1)
The packet is sent from server to client or from client to server? Briefly justify your
answer.
2) Which protocol is used in this communication at the transport layer? Briefly justify
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3)
The protocol at transport layer is suitable for streaming applications or not? Briefly
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Flag Address Control
(8 bits) (8 bits) (8 bits)
Message
Frame
Flag
(8 bits)
(256 bits)
check
sequence
(32 bits)
75%
85%
80%
90%
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Flag Address Control
(8bits) (8 bits) (8 bits)
Message
Frame
Flag
(8 bits)
(256 bits)
check
sequence
(32 bits)
90%
85%
75%
80%
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Define icmp packets?
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Consider the Ethernet networks shown in the below exhibit to answer the following questions.
Fa0
Fal
PC3
PCO
Fa0/1
Fa0/0
Fa0/3
Etho/D/0
Fa0/2
s1
Fa0/1
R1
Fa0
Fa0/0
Fa0/1
PC1
R2
Fa0/1
Fa0/3
S2
Fa0
PC2
The network interface settings of POs are:
Logical Address
Physical Address
PCO
192.168.2.2
0060.5032.9A15
PC1
192.168.2.3
o001.6363.6BAA
PC2
192.168.3.2
O0EO.F9A1.0864
PC3
192.168.0.2
0001.0935.08C3
The network interface settings of routers are:
Logical Address
Physical Address
R1-Fa0/0
192.168.0.1
0004.9A31.0501
R1-Fa0/1
192.168.1.1
0004.9A31.0502
R1-Etho/0/0
192.168.2.1
0060.2F70.0D9B
R2-Fa0/0
192.168.1.2
0002.1641.6301
R2-Fa0/1
192.168.3.1
0002.1641.6302
Suppose that the switching table in the S1 contains the following contents:
Fa0/1
Fa0/2
Fa0/3
Fa0/4
Open
Fa0/5
Fa0/6
Fa0/7
Fa0/8
Open
Open
Open
Open
If a frame with source MAC address 001.6363.6BAA and destination MAC address 0060.5032.9A15 is
received at the switch, at which port does the frame arrive?
Which port(s) will the frame go…
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TCP provides
service, whereas UDP is
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connection-oriented
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